and of Leonard and Hannah (Reed) Huntington. He removed to Colorado with his parents in 1865, attended the public school in Central City, Col., of which his father was principal; was graduated from the Denver, Col., high school in 1877, the youngest and highest in his class, and was graduated from the U.S. military academy, June 14, 1884, again standing first in the class with a total of 2070.4 out of a possible 2075, the highest record ever attained at the academy. He was lieutenant of engineers, U.S.A., June 15, 1884; was promoted 1st lieutenant Sept. 16, 1886; was quartermaster and commissary, battalion of engineers, 1886-87; instructor in engineering, U.S. military academy, 1888-89; and resigned his commission in the army, April 1, 1890. In 1888 he represented the battalion of engineers in the division of the Atlantic rifle competition, win

ning the first skirmish medal and also the first gold medal for highest total score at known distances and skirmishing. After leaving the army he was electrical engineer of the Edison general electric company and of the General electric company, and manager of the Rocky Mountain district of the latter company, 1890–98. He was successively lieutenant-colonel, colonel and brigadier-general of the National Guard of Colorado, 1897-98, and on the call for volunteers in the war with Spain was made colonel of the 1st Colorado infantry, U.S. volunteers, May 1, 1898. He was promoted to the rank of brigadiergeneral, U.S. volunteers, to date from Aug. 13, 1898, "for gallant and distinguished services during the assault on Manila." He commanded the 2d brigade, 2d division, 8th army corps, from Sept. 7, 1898, to July 5, 1899, serving in the opening engagement of the insurrection in the Philippines, Feb. 4-5, 1899; the capture of the water-works; various engagements in the vicinity of Manila, and the campaign from Manila to Malolos, Calumpit and San Fernando. He returned to the United States in 1899. He was recommended for promotion to the rank of "major-general by brevet, U.S.V., for gallant and meritorious services throughout the campaign against the Filipino insurgents from Feb. 4 to July 5, 1899." In 1899 he was elected first vicepresident of the National Society of the Army of the Philippines, and was honorably discharged

from the army in 1899. He married, June 14, 1887, Mary Virginia, daughter of Lieut.-Col. William R. King, U.S.A. He was elected a member of the Colorado scientific society, 1891; the University club, Denver, 1891; the American institute of mining engineers, 1892; the Sons of the American Revolution, 1897; and several other organizations. He received the honorary degree of Electrical engineer from the Colorado state school of mines in 1897, and that of LL.D. from the University of Colorado in 1899. He is the author of numerous papers on electrical subjects for the Colorado scientific society, the American institute of mining engineers and various magazines.

HALE, John Parker, senator, was born in Rochester, N. H., March 31, 1806; son of John Parker and Lydia Clarkson (O'Brien) Hale; and grandson of Samuel Hale, and of William O'Brien, an Irish exile, who captured the first armed British vessel in the war of the Revolution and died a prisoner of war at the age of twenty-three.

He

John Hale

was prepared for college at Phillips Exeter academy and was graduated at Bowdoin in 1827. He studied law under J. H. Woodman at Rochester and Danie. M. Christie at Dover, N. H., and was admitted to the bar in 1830. He was married, Sept. 2, 1834, to Lucy Hill Lambert. He was a Democrat in politics, was a representative in the New Hampshire general court, 1834-38, and U.S. district attorney 1832-33, under appointment of President Jackson, being continued in office by President Van Buren. He was removed in 1841 by President Tyler, as a party measure. He was a representative in the 28th congress, 1843-45, and opposed the suppression of antislavery petitions to the house; supported James K. Polk as presidential candidate in 1844, and opposed the policy of President Polk in reference to the annexation of Texas. state Democratic convention of 1845 substituted the name of John Woodbury for that of Mr. Hale on the general ticket for representative in congress, and he thereupon ran as an independent candidate. After repeated ineffectual attempts to secure a choice, March 11, 1845, Sept. 23, 1845, Nov. 29, 1845, and March 10, 1846, during which time he vigorously canvassed the state in his own behalf and held a notable debate with Franklin Pierce, New Hampshire continued throughout

The

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the 29th congress with only three representatives. His efforts, however, defeated the Democratic candidate for governor by a combination of Whigs and Independent Democrats and secured an opposition majority in the general court of the state. Mr. Hale was elected to the general court and was chosen speaker, June 3, 1846, and on June 5, the legislature elected Anthony Colby, the Whig candidate, governor. The same legislature elected Mr. Hale to the U.S. senate from March 4, 1847, and on Oct. 20, 1847, the National Liberty party convened at Buffalo, N. Y., nominated him for President with Leicester King for Vice-President and he declined the nomination. He was a candidate before the Free-Soil Democratic convention at Buffalo, N. Y., Aug. 9, 1848, and received 183 votes and when Martin Van Buren was nominated Mr. Hale gave him his unqualified support. In the 30th congress, that convened Dec. 6, 1847, he was the only avowed anti-slavery advocate in the senate, being fol lowed, Dec. 3, 1849, by Salmon P. Chase and William H. Seward, and on Dec. 1, 1851, by Charles Sumner. He served in the U.S. senate until March 4, 1853, when he was succeeded by Charles G. Atherton, Democrat. His six years' service in the senate was marked by a gradual growth of the anti-slavery sentiment and his speeches and votes aroused the admiration of the friends of freedom and the bitter hatred of the conservative party, not only in congress, but throughout the United States. He alone voted against a resolution thanking Generals Scott and Taylor for their victories in Mexico. He also met and defeated Senator Foote in a debate which gave to the Mississippian the epithet "Hangman Foote." He also advocated the abolition of flogging in the navy and of spiritrations to sailors and secured the passage of the anti-flogging law, Sept. 23, 1850, and the antispirit-ration law, July 14, 1862. In 1851 he was counsel for Shadrach, a fugitive slave rescued from the U.S. marshal in Boston, and in 1852, as the representative of the Free-soil party, received the nomination of the national convention at Pittsburg, Pa., for President, with George W. Julian for Vice-President. In the general election held in November, 1852, the ticket received 156,149 popular votes. On retiring from the senate on the accession of President Pierce, March 4, 1853, Mr. Hale determined to leave New Hampshire and find a broader field for his work as an agitator, and in the following winter he opened a law office in New York city. The overthrow of the Democrats in New Hampshire in 1853-54 determined him to return to his native state and on June 13, 1855, he was elected by the legislature of the state to the U.S. senate to fill the four years' vacancy caused by the death of

Senator Atherton. In the Republican national convention of 1856 he failed to secure the support his prominence had promised and he did not receive a single vote. He was re-elected to the U.S. senate in 1858 and on the expiration of his term, March 4, 1865, he was appointed by Presi dent Lincoln U.S. minister to Spain, receiving his commission, March 10, 1865. In his diplomatic life he was less successful than in his political career, and serious disagreements with Horatio J. Perry, U.S. secretary of legation, resulting from the abuse of official privileges, into which Hale had been led by the craft of a designing commission merchant through the intrigue of Perry (as charged by Mr. Hale), led to his recall, April 5, 1869, and he left Madrid, July 29, 1869. Mr. Perry was removed, June 28, 1867, before Mr. Hale left Madrid. Mr. Hale was one of the numerous victims to the poisoning at the National Hotel, Washington, in 1857, and from that time his health gradually failed. His physical decline was aggravated by two serious accidents and both his mental and physical powers finally gave way. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Dartmouth in 1861. A statue executed by Ferdinand von Miller, Jr., was erected to his memory at Concord, N.H., and presented to the state by his son-in-law, the Hon. William E. Chandler. He died at Dover, N.H., Nov. 19, 1873.

HALE, Lucretia Peabody, author, was born in Boston, Mass., Sept. 2, 1820; daughter of Nathan and Sarah Preston (Everett) Hale. She was

educated at the celebrated schools of Elizabeth P. Peabody and George B. Emerson. She devoted her life to literature and served for two years on the Boston school committee. She became well known as a promoter of educational and charitable associations, kindergartens and the introduction of the science of cooking and sewing in public schools. She is the author of: The Lord's Supper and Its Observance (1866); The Service of Sorrow (1867); The Struggle for Life (1867); The Wolf at the Door (1877); Seven Stormy Sundays (1879); The Peterkin Papers (1882); The Last of the Peterkins (1886); Stories for Children (1892). She died in Boston, Mass., June 12, 1900.

HALE, Matthew, lawyer, was born at Chelsea, Vt., June 20, 1829; the youngest son of Harry and Lucinda (Eddy) Hale; grandson of Col. Nathan Hale, who died while a prisoner in the hands of the British at New Utrecht, Long Island, Sept. 23, 1780; and a descendant from Thomas Hale, an English yeoman, who emigrated to America in 1635 and settled in Newbury, Mass. Harry Hale was a leading merchant of Windsor, Vt., a captain of militia, represented Chelsea in the state legislature in 1828, 1832 and 1836; served as bank commissioner; and was foremost in founding the Congregational church at Chelsea in

N.Y. He was admitted to the bar in 1835 and practised in Poughkeepsie, N. Y., 1835-55, in partnership with his brother Henry, who removed to St. Paul, Minn., in 1855 and with Gen. A. B. Smith, 1855-59. He removed to New York city in 1859 where he was a partner with Lot C. Clark, 1859-63. In 1863 he removed to Elizabethtown, N. Y., and became a partner with the Hon. A. C. Hand, his father-in-law, and Richard L. Hand, as Hand & Hale. He was a delegate to the state constitutional convention of June, 1867, at Albany, N. Y., and was a member of the judicial committee of that body. He was state senator, 1868-69, and removed to Albany in 1868 where he became a partner in the law firm of Hand, Hale & Swartz. He represented the interests of President Ramsey in his suit with Fisk & Gould for the control of the Albany & Susquehanna railroad; the English stockholders of the Erie railway in their contest with Fisk & Gould, and the people in the canal suits instituted by Governor Tilden, and in the trial of John F. Smyth before the state senate in 1878. He was also counsel for the Central national bank of Boston; the General Burt estate; the Delaware & Hudson canal company; the New York, Lake Erie & Western railway; the Western Union telegraph company, and various other corporations. He was the Republican candidate for justice of the supreme court in 1883; was a commissioner of appraisement of the Niagara Falls reservation in 1884; a commissioner to report upon the most humane method of capital punishment in 1887; president of the state bar association, 1890-91, and a charter member of the organization, and president of the New York state civil service reform league in

1893. He was a member of the leading clubs of Albany, and of New York city, including the Commonwealth, Reform and University. He was married in 1856 to Ellen S., daughter of Augustus C. Hand, and secondly in December, 1877, to Mary, daughter of Col. Francis L. Lee of Boston, Mass. He received the degree of LL.D. from the University of Vermont in 1883. He died in Albany, N. Y., March 25, 1897.

HALE, Nathan, patriot spy, was born in Coventry, Conn., June 6, 1755; son of Deacon Richard and Elizabeth (Strong) Hale; grandson of Samuel and Apphia (Moody) Hale; great-grandson of the Rev. John (Harvard, 1757) and Sarah (Noyes) Hale; and great grandson of Deacon Robert Hale, who came to Massachusetts from Hertfordshire, England, in 1632, was among those who set off from the first church in Boston to form the first church in Charlestown in 1632; and was appointed surveyor of new plantations by the general court, serving until his death in 1659. Nathan Hale was educated for the ministry, but after graduating from Yale in 1773 and teaching for two years, while continuing his studies, the news of the battle of Lexington fired his patriotic spirit and he addressed a public meeting called to gain a knowledge of public sentiment, and in the course of his remarks he said: "Let us march immediately and never lay down our arms until we have gained our independence." When the speaking was over he was among the first to

enroll as a volunteer in the cause of America. He was soon promoted lieutenant in the regiment of Col. Charles Webb, marched to Boston, and was an active participant in the siege of that city. He was promoted captain by brevet for gallantry in January, 1776. He restored order in his company by dividing among them his pay in order to secure their service for a month longer, was appointed to the 19th Continental regiment of foot, and when Boston was evacuated, March 17, 1776, he accompanied Washington's army to New York and took part in the battle of Long Island. While there, with a boat's crew of picked men, he defied the British man-of-war Asia, boarded a sloop under her guns, loaded with

His

provisions, secured the crew and brought the vessel and her cargo to shore, distributing the food among his famished companions. He was made captain of Congress's Own," a company of Connecticut rangers, made up of picked men, and with this company took part in scouting duty. Learning that Washington had an important service for which he asked for volunteers, he was directed to the commander-in-chief at the house of Robert Murray, a Quaker merchant on Murray Hill. Here he was entrusted with a secret mission on which he volunteered despite the efforts of his friends to dissuade him. reply to their warnings was: "Gentlemen, I owe to my country the accomplishment of an object so important and so much desired by the commander of our armies. I know no mode of obtaining the information but by assuming a disguise and passing into the enemy's camp. I am fully sensible of the consequences of discovery and capture in such a situation. I wish to be useful and every kind of service necessary for the public good becomes honorable by being necessary." He visited the British camp on Long Island disguised as a Tory school-teacher, obtained drawings of the fortifications, and retired across the island to Huntington on the north shore expecting there a boat to ferry him to Norwalk, Conn., when he was captured, carried to the Halifax, a British guard-ship, and taken before Gen. William Howe at the residence of James Beekman at Mount Pleasant, New York city, on the East river. The information he had gained was concealed between the soles of his shoes and when it was secured he was condemned as a spy and sentenced to be hanged the next morning. Committed to the care of the British provost marshal, William Cunningham, he was confined in the greenhouse of the Beekman mansion, and he was denied the attendance of a minister, the privilege of the possession of a Bible, or the assurance of the delivery of letters written to friends; and his last messages of love to mother, sister and betrothed were destroyed before his eyes. On Sunday morning, Sept. 22, 1776, he was taken to the apple orchard on the premises and with the fatal noose about his neck he was directed to mount a short ladder and from this he spoke his last message to mankind: "I only regret that I have but one life to lose for my country." His body was placed in an unmarked grave and its location was never disclosed. A rude stone was set up beside his father's grave in the Coventry churchyard and in 1837 the Hale monument association was organized and a monument of Quincy granite was erected in 1846 at a cost of $3,734. The state of Connecticut erected a statue of Hale in the capitol grounds, Hartford, at a cost of $5,000,

and the Sons of the Revolution commissioned the sculptor McMonnies to execute a statue in bronze which was erected in City Hall Park, New York city, and unveiled Nov. 25, 1893. The place of his execution is located by the best authorities at the junction of Market street and East Broadway, New York city, and the date is Sept. 22, 1776.

HALE, Nathan, journalist, was born in Westhampton, Mass., Aug. 16, 1784; son of the Rev. Enoch and Octavia (Throop) Hale; and a nephew of Nathan Hale (1755-1776). His father, Enoch, was the first minister at Westhampton, Mass., 1779-1837. Nathan was graduated at Williams college, A. B., in 1804, A.M., 1810; tutored at Phillips academy, Exeter, N.H., 180406; studied law in Troy, N.Y., and was admitted to the bar in Boston, Mass., in 1810. He practised his profession there, 1810-14; edited the Boston Weekly Messenger, and in March, 1814, purchased the Boston Daily Adver

tiser, which he ed bathan Hale

ited, 1814-63. It

was the first daily newspaper published in Boston; was in politics Federal, Whig and Republican; opposed the Missouri and Nebraska bills, 1820 and 1854, and was the pioneer newspaper in the east to advocate the free colonization of Kansas. Mr. Hale also edited and published the Monthly Chronicle, 1840-42, and as a member of the Anthology club, helped in 1815 to found the North American Review. He also helped to found the Christian Examiner in 1823. As acting chairman of the Massachusetts board of internal improvements in 1828, he directed public thought toward railways as available methods of transportation, and he was made the first president of the Boston & Worcester railroad, the first organization in New England to use steam power in propelling cars over railways. He continued at the head of the affairs of the road for nineteen years and was first president of the Boston & Albany road. He also advocated the introduction of water into the city of Boston and was chairman of the first board of water commissioners. He served in both branches of the state legislature and as a delegate to the state constitutional conventions of 1820 and 1858. He was married in 1816 to Sarah Preston, sister of Edward Everett. They had children: Nathan, journalist; Lucretia Peabody, author; Susan, artist; Charles, diplomatist and editor; and Edward Everett,

author and clergyman. Mr. Hale was a member of the American academy of arts and sciences and of the Massachusetts historical society. He received the honorary degree of LL.D. from Harvard in 1853. He published a Map of New England (1825); Journal of Debates and Proceedings in the Massachusetts Constitutional Convention (1821); besides pamphlets relating to transportation and the practicability of railroads as compared with canals and means of supplying transportation to internal inter-commerce. He was at the time of his death the oldest editor in Massachusetts and except the Hon. John Prentiss of Keene, N.H., the oldest in New England. He died in Boston, Mass., Feb. 9, 1863.

HALE, Nathan, journalist, was born in Boston, Mass., Nov. 12, 1818; son of Nathan and Sarah Preston (Everett) Hale. He was graduated at Harvard, A.B., 1838, LL.B., 1840, and A.M., 1842. While an under-graduate he was one of the editors of Harvardiana. He was admitted to the bar and began to practise, but preferred literature and was editor of the Boston Miscellany of Literature in 1841. He became associated with his father in conducting the Boston Daily Advertiser. In 1853 he retired from daily journalism and was subsequently associated with his brother, the Rev. Edward Everett Hale, in conducting the Old and New. He was acting professor of mental and moral philosophy in Marion college, 1869-71. He died in Boston, Mass., Jan. 9, 1871. HALE, Philip, musical critic, was born in Norwich, Vt., March 5, 1854; son of William Bainbridge and Harriet Amelia (Porter) Hale; grandson of Harry Hale (born at Rindge, N.H., 1780, died at Chelsea, Vt., 1861); and a descendant in the eighth generation of Thomas Hale, who was born in Watton, England, in 1606 and settled in Newbury, Mass., about 1635. He was graduated from Yale college in 1876 and was admitted to the bar in Albany, N.Y., in 1880. He went to Europe in 1882 and studied music in Berlin under Haupt and Bargiel, 1882-84, at Munich, Stuttgart, and in Paris under Guilmant, 1885-87. He returned to America in 1887. He was organist at St. Peter's church, Albany, N. Y., 1879-82; at St. John's church, Troy, N.Y., 1887– 89; and at Dr. James de Normandie's church, Roxbury district, Boston, Mass., after 1889. In December, 1891, he became one of the editorial staff of the Boston Journal, and its musical critic. He became editor of the Musical Record, Boston, in 1897.

HALE, Robert Safford, representative, was born in Chelsea, Vt., Sept. 24, 1822; son of Harry and Lucinda (Eddy) Hale. He was a brother of Matthew Hale. He was graduated from the University of Vermont in 1842 and after an interval of teaching he settled at Elizabethtown,

N.Y., in January, 1844, and began the study of law. He was admitted to practice in January, 1847, and formed a partnership with the Hon. Orlando Kellogg, which continued until the fall of 1856, when he was elected surrogate of Essex county, N.Y. He served as such until January, 1865, when he resumed practice. He was a Lincoln presidential elector in 1861 and in 1865 was elected a representative in the 39th congress to fill the vacancy caused by the death of his law partner, Orlando Kellogg. At the close of the session he was retained by Secretary Stanton as counsel in the controversy with President Johnson, occasioned by the removal of Secretary Stanton and the appointment of Gen. Lorenzo Thomas as secretary of war. He was employed

by the U.S. treasury department in the claims for abandoned and captured cotton before the U.S. court of claims, 1868-70; and was Republican candidate for judge of the N.Y. court of appeals. In 1871 he was retained by the state department as counsel for the United States before the British and American claims commission under the treaty of Washington, which occupied him till December, 1873. He was a representative from New York in the 43d congress, 1873-75, and was a commissioner of the state survey in 1876. He was a regent of the University of the state of New York from March 29, 1859, till his death. He was married to Lovina Sibley, daughter of Jeremiah Stone of Elizabethtown, N. Y., and their son Harry became a practising lawyer. He received the degree of LL.D. from the University of Vermont in 1870. He died at Elizabethtown, N. Y., Dec. 14, 1881.

HALE, Salma, historian, was born in Alstead, N. H., March 7, 1787; son of David and Hannah (Emerson) Hale; grandson of Joseph and Abigail (Smith) Hale, and of Josiah and Sarah Emerson; and a descendant of Thomas Hale who came from Hertfordshire, England, to Newbury, Mass., in 1635. Salma was the third of fourteen children. He learned the trade of printer and prepared an English grammar which was published in Worcester, Mass., in 1804. He revised this work and republished it in New York city in 1831 as 66 A New Grammar of the English Language." He was married, Jan. 4, 1820, to Sarah Kellogg, daughter of Seth and Susan King of Suffield, Conn. He was editor of the Political Observatory, Walpole, N.H.; served as clerk of the court of common pleas, 1805-13; removed to Keene, N.H., and was clerk of the supreme judicial court, 1817-34. He was a representative from New Hampshire in the 15th congress, 181719, where he opposed the Missouri compromise. He declined a re-election. He was admitted to the bar in 1834. He was a member of the general court of New Hampshire in 1828 and 1844; of the