cently been revised by Dr. Britton, and a number of species described.

Rosa Canina L. Dog Rose.-It was formerly believed that all our sweet-briars were referable to Rosa rubiginosa, but some years ago it was determined that much of that growing along the Delaware was the genuine dog rose of Europe. Hamamelis Virginiana L. Witch Hazel.-Very common and abundant in the north, where it is capable of yielding commercial supplies, and frequent in the South. I have encountered two distinct types of this bark in commerce, and should not be surprised to hear that two species exist.

Sanicula. Black Snakeroot.-The Saniculas grow commonly and abundantly in nearly all wooded districts in the northern half of the State, and frequently in the southern half also. Until recently, all were supposed to belong to the two species S. Marylandica L. and S. Canadensis; but in 1895 Mr. E. P. Bicknell showed that most of that growing in this vicinity represented an undescribed species, which named S. Gregaria.

he

Cicuta Maculata L. Water Hemlock.-Although not strictly speaking a medical plant, this is so powerful a physiological agent, and so frequently and fatally poisonous, that it should receive mention here as being one of the commonest plants of our northern swamps, and not infrequent in the South.

Washingtonia Longistylis (Torr.) Britton.The two sweet cicelys, long familiar under the names Osmorhyza brevistylis and O. longistylis, now restored to the genus Washingtonia, are common in woods in the northern counties.

Aralia Racemosa L. Spikenard.-This much esteemed plant grows commonly, especially in the north. In the rich, forested, trap-rock soil hereabout it grows luxuriantly, and demonstrates perfect natural conditions.

Panax Quinquefolium L. Ginseng.-This is now one of the rarest plants of the State, though it was once rather frequent, as testified by our old people; another instance of the extermination of a useful plant. The rich soil of our rocky woodlands is admirably adapted to its cultivation, one of the most profitable of agricultural operations. An illustrated brochure on the cultivation of this plant has recently been published by our National Department of Agriculture. Plainfield is the nearest point to Summit, where it has been collected.

Cornus Florida L. Flowering Dogwood.This species, formerly official, is one of our most abundant shrubs or small trees, especially in the central and northern districts, and contributes more than any other species to the beauty of our hedges and borders of our forests, in early May. Five other species of Cornus, whose barks have been similarly used, are also

common.

Sambucus Canadensis L. Elderberry. This also is very common, and in many places exceedingly abundant. Its flowers are much more extensively exported than is generally supposed, and they could be collected hereabouts to good advantage. The plant is much more poisonous than is generally supposed. Its properties are well worthy of investigation. Viburnum Opulus L. Cramp Bark.-Occurs very sparingly in several localities in the North. In purchasing cramp bark, I have received the bark of another species, I believe V. dentatum L., which is very common through

out.

Viburnum Prunifolium L. Black Haw.-This is everywhere very common and abundant, except in the South, where it occurs frequently. The great variation in strength of this drug is supposed to be due to the substitution of the bark of other species, a number of which are very abundant in the Southern States. Its collection in this vicinity would obviate all such possibility, as there is scarcely anything else which could be collected for it; only an occa sional lot of V. Lentago L., which in all prob ability possesses the same properties.

Cephalanthus Occidentalis L. Button Bush. -A very common shrub of swamps throughout the State, especially southward and near the coast. In Virginia, under the name of wild liquorice, a name which properly belongs to Galium circaezans Mx., it enjoys a high domestic repute in the treatment of pectoral complaints.

the

Conyzella Canadensis (L.) Rupr. Colt's Tail. -Very abundant indeed in fields, frequently growing so that it could be cut with machine, to the almost total exclusion of all else. The separation of this plant from the genus Erigeron, to which it is at present referred by the Pharmacopoeia, would seem altogether commendable, in view of its very different habit and constituents.

Helenium Autumnale L. Sneeze Weed.Common along streams throughout the State, especially near the coast. An alkaloid has just been reported as occurring in the closely related H. Mexicanum.

Taraxacum Taraxacum (L.) Karst. Dandelion. It is lost sight of by many pharmacists that the fresh root must be taken for the extract. Its very great abundance in all parts of the

State makes it perfectly convenient to obtain the fresh root.

Apocynum. Dogbane.-There is scarcely any other plant of the Pharmacopoeia which is so much in need of study as this. Upon the one hand, we have abundant evidence that some preparations of the drug exert a very important cardiant action, while others are inert, and upon the other, the certainty that a number of species have been badly confounded. It has long been accepted that we had but two species, A. cannabinum, L. and A. androsaemifolium L., the former presenting a number of varieties. Recently Prof. Greene has described A. medium and A. album as segregations from A. cannabinum. It is very likely that both of these species are common hereabout, but time has not yet been allowed for determining their distribution in the State.

Asclepias Tuberosa L. Pleurisy Root.-This is another plant calling for close study. That the A decumbens L., which has recently been reinstated, is really a good species, I do not feel at all sure. The plant is common enough throughout the State, preferring sandy soil. Datura Stramonium L. Stramonium.-Very abundant in all waste places. The plant is so readily collected, and the certainty of a good article is so important, that it would be well if it were oftener collected here. The frequency of serious cases of poisoning by it makes it important that it be known by everyone.

Scrophularia Marylandica L. Scrophularia Leparella Bicknell.-Both of these species of Figwort, until recently classed as S. nodosa, occur abundantly in nearly all parts of the State.

Veronica Virginica L. Culvers.-This important plant is common in most parts of the State, especially in the rich rocky woods of the northern countries. Its habit is something like that of the Cimicifuga, and, like that, it is one of our handsomest wild flowers. A number o other species of Veronica, especially the old V., officinalis, are common and abundant throughout.

Mentha Piperita L. Peppermint. Mentha Spicata L. Spearmint.-Both the official mints grow very commonly, and demonstrate their capacity to do well under cultivation. It would seem that the limestone region of North Jersey was especially adapted to the cultivation of peppermint. Various other species of mentha, native and introduced, also occur commonly or frequently throughout the State.

Pokeroot.-EveryPhytolacca Decandra L. where abundant. This ready access to supplies may be of great importance should the desirability of using the root in a fresh state become appreciated in the future.

Aristilochia Serpentaria L.

Virginia Snake

root. This is another case of a plant once abundant, but practically exterminated through its collection. Single plants are occasionally found in rich woods throughout the State.

Asarum Canadense L. Asarum Reflexum Bicknell. Canada Snakeroot. -Abundant in rocky woods northward and occasional in the South. The second species has been so recently separated that the relative merits of the two are not at all understood.

Sassafras Sassafras (L.) Karst. Sassafras.One of the commonest shrubs and trees in fencerows and the borders of woods. It propagates freely and grows quickly.

Ulmus Pubescens Walt. Slippery Elm.-Common in the North, especially in the rocky woods of this section, and occasional in the South. Has largely disappeared as the result of col

lection.

An interesting feature of the meeting was the exhibition of quite a number of specimens of fungi. The majority of the specimens were collected in the neighborhood of Lancaster, Pa., by H. W. Guth, Ph.D., a member of the recent graduating class. His collection included about 20 genera, among which were two representatives of the genus Amanita, one being the Amanita muscarius, which produces the poisonous principle muscarine. Prof. Henry Kraemer, who directed attention to the exhibit, also showed specimens which he himself had collected, or had received from friends. Among the former were two handsome specimens of Polyporus Berkeleyi, Fr., from North Carolina. Belonging to the latter class was a sample of an edible fungus found growing in certain provinces of Japan and prepared as obtained in the market, which was presented by Dr. Jokichi Takamine. The fungus is known commercially as "shoro" and is probably a species of Lycoperdon. Another sample, which Prof. Kraemer said was interesting to pharmacists, was one of the fungous product known as "koji," which is used in Japan for brewing purposes instead of malt. It was presented by Prof. J. B. Nagelvoort. Attention was likewise directed to some of the photogravures of American fungi, issued by C. G. Lloyd, of Cincinnati, who has probably the finest collection in existence.

Hydrogen Peroxide as a Factor in Spontaneous Combustion

Later

was the subject of a communication by Charles H. La Wall. The author reported that on April 24th, he and his assistant went on a botanizing trip. They met with the poison ivy, but avoided it "on general principles." Next day, however, the assistant found that his right wrist was affected by Rhus poisoning. The wrist was bandaged with cheese cloth, which was kept saturated with a solution of hydrogen peroxide, which treatment appeared to act beneficially. During the night the treatment was discontinued, but resumed the following morning. in the day the applications of the solution were forgotten, until the odor of burning cloth and a severe pain of the wrist attracted the patient's attention. Then he noticed that the bandage was charred and that his wrist had received a pretty severe burn thereby. Some experiments were made by the writer to determine the cause of the charring and the results were such as to lead him to believe that it was due to a small percentage of sulphuric acid present in the peroxide solution.

A Note on Sarsaparilla was presented by Prof. Kraemer. The geography of the different varieties of sarsaparilla found upon the market was first considered. Then the author men

tioned some of the microscopical differences which he had noticed. He said that investigators were confining their attention chiefly to the hypodermis and endodermis. Special reference was made to the characteristic thickening of the cells of the hypodermis of the Mexican variety and also to the cells of the parenchyma of the Honduras sarsaparilla, which show a tendency to become collenchymatic.

A discussion arose as to the medicinal value of sarsaparilla and the opinion seemed to be that its preparations were again coming into favor. F. W. E. Stedem said that some throat specialists appeared to be going back to it and that recently he had been dispensing considerable quantities of Zittmann's decoction.

The last item on the programme was a brief sketch of the life and work of the late Prof. George Dragendorff by Prof. Kraemer.

IMPROVEMENTS IN EXTRACTION APPARATUS.*

Barthe (Repert. de Phar. 1897, 498) calls attention to an alteration in construction of the well-known Soxhlet extraction apparatus. The apparatus (Fig. 1) can for the most part be constructed by the pharmacist and its arrangement is readily understood from the illustration. The vapor of the solvent produced by the application of heat to the vessel A ascends to the condenser D through space between extraction tube B and the surrounding mantle C. In order that the ascent of vapor may be unretarded, a bent glass Rod E is suspended in extraction tube B. The solvent, as rapidly as it condenses above, drops into the tube B, which contains the substance to be extracted, and through this into the vessel A below.

Another arrangement (Figs. 2 and 3) described by H. Goeckel (Zeitschr. f. angew, Chem. 1897, 693) permits the extraction of solids as well as liquids, with solvents of greater or lesser density than water. The outer tube A, of the customary form, is connected with both a small flask and a condenser. The tube B which fits into A has three perforations D, and three small projections above and below, which serve as guides for its introduction into A. A long-stemmed funnel is represented by C, and D shows a vessel, open below, which is introduced into B and which has above and below the customary projections serving as guides. The apparatus joined as in Fig. 2 serves for extraction with liquids of low gravity, while Fig. 3 represents the same for liquids of high gravity; both arrangements permitting extraction of solids. The liquid to be extracted is represented in the illustration by transverse lines, while the solvent appears in the form of oblique lines. In both Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 the solvent containing the dissolved material passes through the perforations D and reaches the small flask through E. In order that the material in B and C may

* Translated for the AMFRICAN DRUGGIST from the Pharmaceutische Centralhalle.

not be subjected to an unnecessarily high duced at F, thus causing the vapor formed temperature, a pledget of cotton is introto ascend through the tube G.

For extraction of liquids, the Schwartz apparatus, or one of its modifications, is often employed. In place of this A. Wroblewski (Zeitschr. f anal. Chem. 1897, 671) suggests the use of a modified Soxhlet apparatus, as shown in Fig. 4. The siphon tube, A, should be inserted at a point high up in the body of the exployed as a solvent, say ether, which octractor. Through this tube, the liquid emcupies the space B, would be siphoned over from time to time, the condensed vapor dropping from the condenser into the tube C. As still more convenient and practical he recommends an apparatus constructed as shown in Fig. 5. This consists of an extractor A, which is fastened to an upright by means of a clamp, the condenser K and the small flask D. If it is desired to extract the aqueous solution of a substance soluble in ether, the con

B

A

Fig. 1.

the ether, leaving behind its extractive ready to take up another quantity of the again, circulates through the apparatus material contained in A. The extraction may be carried on at the boiling temperature of the solvent, the hot vapors readily penetrating the liquid to be extracted, which besides is kept in constant motion by the bubbles ascending through it and is at all times partially mixed with the solvent. If necessary, however, direct application of heat to the extractor is permissible. If the extraction be allowed to proceed quietly no apprehension need exist, lest drops of the aqueous liquid be carried along with the vapor into the tube C. Even, if owing to violent ebullition, a few drops of liquid be carried over, its removal at stop-cock H is readily accomplished and its entrance This into the flask D thus prevented. stop-cock also allows the withdrawal from time to time of small quantities of ether, which may be collected on a watch glass, to determine whether the extrac

denser is removed, and the aqueous liquid is poured into the extractor A. Upon this ether is poured, occupying the space B, and which, passing through the tube C, flows into the flask D. After the quantity of ether employed has filled the flask D to one-half or two-thirds of its capacity, the extractor is closed by means of the stopper M, which supports the condenser, care being taken that the end of the condenser projects into the dilated extremity of the tube F. Upon application of heat to the flask D, the ether begins to boil, and the resulting ether vapor ascends through the tube G into A, condensing partially in the aqueous layer, and practically ascending through this into the condenser from which, after condensation in form of drops, these return into tube F, whose lowermost extremity reaches into A, and passing through this layer, ascend and mix with layer B. The increasing quantity of ether, now charged with extractive, flows slowly through tube C, finally reaching the flask D, stopcock H remaining closed. From flask D

10000

Fig. 4.

Fig. 6.

tion is completed. At the end of the operation, immediately after removal of the flame, the stop-cock must be opened (a receptable being placed underneath), thus equalizing the atmospheric pressure and preventing a possible flow of liquid from the extractor through the tube G into the flask D. If the weight of D is ascertained before beginning the operation, and if, after evaporation of the solvent and drying the residue, it is again ascertained, the difference in weight must necessarily represent the total extractive.

Similar to the apparatus represented by Fig. 4, is the one described by R. Jabota (Zeitschr. d. allg. oesterr. Apoth.-Ver. 1897, 889), intended for the extraction of liquids by means of heavy solvents, such as chloroform, etc. In case of this apparatus (Fig. 6) the solvent is introduced into A until it begins to flow through the capillary tube B, which extends upward from the bottom of A, into a flask attached to C. The solution to be extracted is now poured upon the solvent until the liquids occupy the level indicated by the

lines A and B in the illustration. Application of heat to the flask will cause the vaporized solvent to ascend through the tube C into the condenser attached at A. The condensed solvent drops upon the solution to be extracted, passes through this layer (between A and B), and finally collects at D, from which point, charged with extractive, it flows through B into a flask attached to C. The tube B should be of small lumen, so that capillarity may influence the level of the heavy solvent, thus permitting the introduction of a higher column of the aqueous solution. Another apparatus for extraction of

liquids is that described by J. Katz (Phar. Zeit. 1897, 708), and illustrated by Fig. 7. The condensed ether reaches the bottom of the extraction apparatus by way of the funnel A, rises in drops through the aqueous liquid, which in the figure is represented by transverse lines and collects above this in a layer represented by oblique lines, and finally returns to the flask through the tube B. In order that none of the aqueous liquid be carried into B along with the ether, the extremity of the funnel stem must be cut obliquely, and must be placed in the position indicated in the illustration.

Queries and Answers.

We shall be glad, in this department, to respond to calls for information bearing on pharmacy or any of its allied topics, and cordially invite our friends to make use of this column.

The name and address of the inquirer must accompany the communication, not for publication, but to assure attention, as we make it a rule to pay no regard to anonymous correspondence.

The menthol is added to render the application less painful. The application is made by first cleansing the affected parts with a cotton swab, held by forceps, and in a similar manner applying the solu tion with a freshly saturated cotton swab. The remedy is applied every three hours until the temperature becomes normal, after which it is applied three times daily.

Bellevue Cough Mixture.-J. C.—A number of cough mixtures of varying composition are kept in stock as house mixtures at Bellevue Hospital. The following is prescribed by Professor W. H. Thomson:

cribed in detail here. You must consult some work on electro-metallurgy.

Per Algretta.-G. J. H. writes: In No.8 of the AMERICAN DRUGGIST, April 25, I notice an inquiry regarding an article called Per Algretta, which is used as an egg preservative. Having had occasion to examine the article qualitatively, it was found to be a mixture of salicylic acid and sodium chloride. The proportions may be easily approximated by dissolving out the salicylic acid with alcohol, thereby leaving behind nearly all of the sodium chloride. If this is of any value to the DRUGGIST you are at liberty to publish it.

G. J. H. has our thanks for his very timely and instructive note. We hope his example will be followed by other readers who may have information of a practical character to send for publication in the department of Queries and Answers.

Error in Developer Formula.-T. R. W. writes: "In the February 10th number of the AMERICAN DRUGGIST you print an article on 'Photo Supplies for Druggists,' which contains a formula for a developer, composed of metol, hydrochinon, potassium carbonate, sodium sulphite and water. I have made the developer twice according to the quantities and instructions given in the article, but it has not proved a success in any way. Neither of the two lots made the slightest impression on the plates. Will you kindly inform me where the fault lies?"

The fault lies with the formula as printed. Through one of those mysterious errors of the types, which are the despair of editors, the quantities of sodium sulphite and potassium carbonate were reduced from 1 ounce of each to 38 grains. The formula as corrected reads:

KLONDIKE DEVELOPER.

2 ozs.

2 ozs.

4 ozs.

Metol

4 ozs.

Hydrochinon

4 ozs.

1-20 oz. 1 gal. The process of electro-plating is too intricate to be des

Filter if necessary.

80 grs. 80 grs. 1 oz.

1 oz.

32 ozs.

This is the second time that we have made this correction. Our attention was

called to the misprint by the author shortly after publication, and we printed a note about it in the issue of February 25, on page 110; but this note appears to have been overlooked by a majority of our readers who practice photography, for since its publication we have been fairly bombarded with letters calling attention to the faulty formula. The last note of protest was mailed from St. Andrews, New Brunswick, on May 11th, three months after the formula first appeared, and we have yet to hear from our subscribers in the far East.

Floor Wax.-P. C.-Yellow wax dissolved in turpentine is one of the simplest forms of floor wax, and by many accounted the most satisfactory of all. A typical formula is the following:

............

1 part. 8 parts.

Yellow wax Kerosene Dissolve the wax in the kerosene over a hot plate (not over open fire). The mixture while hot is spread on the floor in a thin layer. A thin layer of wax remains after the kerosene evaporates and this is rubbed lightly with a cloth, until the desired polish is obtained.

German Cologne Water.-T. P. K.— We are able to quote two quite recent formulas from the German. The first formula provides for a somewhat expensive article, while the second furnishes a cheaper scent.

FIRST QUALITY.
Oil of cedar wood
Oil of rose geranium
Oil of neroli bigarade
Oil of bitter orange peel
Oil of lavender
Oil of rosemary
Oil of bergamot
Oil of lemon, Messina
Alcohol, 96 per cent

Sarsaparilla Compound.-J. T. A. sends a sample of a sarsaparilla compound made from compressed tablets of the drugs entering into its composition. "Five men," he states, "came to our town recently and established headquarters at a saloon. The saloon man tells me that the concoction was made by dissolving a tablet in a gallon of water. They bottle the stuff and sell it at the rate of

of these faces are made by the American Type Founders' Co., offices in all of the larger cities. I think they will supply

stuff and would be greatly obliged if you

would indicate its composition.'

The fluid has the appearance and flavor

of a weak root beer, and is not unpleasant

to the taste. It contains no potassium iodide. The compressed powder which is used to make the stuff probably consists of sassafras and liquorice, as the flavor of these two drugs predominates.

The fluid is probably an infusion of the

drugs named. The exact composition of the fluid could not be determined by any known method of analysis.

Twelve-Point Tudor Black.

PRODUCE THE BANNER

Advertising De Vinne Type

Twelve-Point De Vinne.

FINEST AMERICAN GOODS French Elzevir Printing Letters

Twelve-Point French Elzevir.

Pleasing Satanick Messenger

Twe've-Point Satanick.

DISTINCT AND READABLE Handsome Cushing Specimens

Twelve-Point Cushing.

ATTRACTIVE AND ARTISTIC Useful for Every Style of Printing

Ten-Point Jenson Old Style.

the most readable. These faces are suitable for short display lines only. They are very striking and will stand out in any newspaper. De Vinne has had a tremendous run as a display type, but is now so universally used as to have lost its novelty. De Vinne is hard to beat, however, and if your paper uses no similar face it may be wise to select it. In choosing a body type, readability is the chief consideration. Elzevir and Cush

will write for them.

type that is usually required. Two or three sizes of display type had better be

Five to ten dollars will buy all the

purchased; in most instances eighteen, twenty-four and thirty-six point are what usually answer, as this can often be comis needed. One size of body type will bined with or supplemented by faces that

your paper uses.

PRIZE ADVERTISEMENT.

The AMERICAN DRUGGIST offers a prize of One Dollar, each issue, for the best retail druggists' advertisement. The prize is this time awarded to H. F. Ruhl, Manheim, Pa.

CRITICISM AND COMMENT.

Fifteen or twenty ads. were entered in the competition for this issue, but the decision was unanimous in favor of Mr. Ruhl's seed ad. This is a good one; in some respects the best ad, that has been submitted since the contest began. It is a plain, straightforward, business-bringing ad. Those who have the impression that good advertising must be smart, result resort to typographical gymnastics catchy, funny or striking, and who as a or verbal contortions, had better give this ad. a little sober study. The headline

is about the simplest that could have been chosen, and is all the better for it. The argument is clear, direct and convincing. The line "We burned all we had left over from last season" is an unusually effective one, and the list of prices at the end helps to round out a completed ad.

Argue, Don't Merely Assert.

The Valley Drug Co., Wilkesbarre, Pa., submits a couple of ads. in the contest. These hardly come within the conditions of the contest, as they are general rather than retail ads. A cough syrup is advertised as for sale by all dealers; the ad. is unsigned and could not be classed as a retailer's ad. The ads. are only fair; they talk too much about coughs and not enough about the remedy. It is all right to introduce an ad. with a little talk about a cough or pneumonia or bronchitis, provided this introduction helps to bring out the value of the preparation in these affections. trouble with a good share of the patent medicine advertising is that it consists of mere bold statements; it doesn't enter into the "why" of things enough. Don't merely assert that a remedy cures, tell how and why it cures. If you don't know how or why it cures, your ads. will always be lacking in selling force.

Advertising One's Face.

Editor Business Hints:

The

You are the only man I know whom I consider a better judge of what constitutes good drug store advertising than myself. (The pleasure is mine.) I have taken advice from your department several times and always found it good.

What do you think of the idea of a retail druggist advertising his face? I am thinking some of scattering my picture all over Allegheny, along with reading matter and prices. Would like to know your opinion of the idea.

Allegheny, Pa.

JOHN R. THOMPSON.

Perhaps this depends somewhat on the face. It is well for some of us to keep shady, but Mr. Thompson's countenance is of that ingratiating sort that would be apt to stimulate a desire for further acquaintance. If he is a bachelor I would advise him to go ahead, otherwise the plan is open to some objection. There is often a desire on the part of people to know how a man looks who has made an impression on a community, either as an advertiser or otherwise, but it is a question whether it pays to gratify this curiosity. I should say that it would pay better to so arouse an interest in one's personality as to induce the public to come to the store to satisfy itself. The use of one's portrait in advertising is apt to be misunderstood. People are apt to consider it an exhibition of vanity, and if so the plan may work harm. On the other hand, some very successful advertisers have used their portraits persistently. The plan is not going to ruin or make anybody and practically resolves itself into a matter of taste.

Some Humorous Advertising. Editor Business Hints:

I herewith submit an ad. of my employers (Messrs. McCray & Co.) in your prize adver tisement contest. We occupy front column of weekly paper, and ad. is changed completely each issue. THEO. Cook. Prescott, Wis.

A fragment of this ad. is reproduced as evidence of Mr. Cook's industry. Think of the wear and tear of grinding out eighteen or twenty inches of similar

matter every week. If these aphorisms brought down to date are original, they show considerable cleverness and a keen sense of humor, and I have no doubt that the column is largely read. It is certainly entertaining, but I doubt if it is really good advertising. It is one thing to amuse people and another thing to sell them goods. The jobber's salesman who comes to see you may be a jolly good fellow who cracks a joke and tells a story to break down your defenses and get you in good humor, but he gets serious when it comes to selling. If he doesn't he doesn't sell. You don't want him to joke when it comes to talking quality and prices. This advertising would bring better results if there were more serious business mingled with the fun. It is all right to say that "A fish story is a romance of REEL life," and that "Our lines, reels, etc., are so good that you will not need to buy fish and

of the factors which help to make a business reputation. Supplying reliable seeds has enabled the Landreths to remain in business for 114 years.

We have the exclusive sale, in Manheim, for Landreth's seeds. We burned all we had left over from last season. The seeds we offer are all fresh, dated 1898.

Small seeds, 5c. a package. Landreth's Extra Early Peas, 15c. a quart. Early Crosby Corn, 8c. a quart. Early Red Valentine Beans, 12c. a quart. True Dwarf Lima Beans, 25c. a quart.

space.

room.

W. O. FRAILEY.

The chief fault of this ad. is the amount of matter crowded into it. It does not look inviting. I believe that it would have paid to have used three times the The ad. is good, but it needs It could have been condensed some; the first and fifth paragraphs are of little value, but even if these had been eliminated there would still have been too much matter. I believe that if this ad. had been set in about six inches double column with a 36-point headline and pica body, the last paragraph only being set in brevier, it would have sold more than enough headache powder to pay the difference in cost. Advertisers will do well to study the matter of display carefully. It doesn't take long to learn what amount of space will be required to set a given amount of matter. It is not much of a trick to post up on the names and sizes of type, and by so doing you can free yourself from the vagaries of your printer. If there is any doubt as to whether your ad. will be properly set it is well to make a rough sketch showing the arrangement desired and the relative sizes of the type you want used. No knowledge whatever of typographical matters is required to do this.

Not Specific Enough.

W. H. Somermier, Winfield, Kans., sends in several ads. They are too gen