fested. Dr. Johnson also supports Burton's derivation of the word; he calls it a cant term, signifying a savage. Mr. G. O. Borrow (alias Lavengro), who has devoted much attention to the Celtic dialect, in a paper which he contributed some years back to the Norfolk Chronicle, suggested that the etymology of the word Tory might be traced to the Irish adherents of Charles II. during the Cromwellian era; the words Tar-a-Ri (pronounced Tory, and meaning Come, O King), having been so constantly in the mouths of the Royalists as to have become a by-word to designate them. Lingard says that

The name Tory is derived from toringhim, to pursue for the sake of plunder. The name was given to certain parties in Ireland, who, refusing to submit to Cromwell, retired into bogs and fastnesses, formed bodies of armed men, supporting themselves and their followers by the depredations which they committed on the occupiers of their estates. They were called Raperees and Tories.

Concerning the word Whig, Burnet says:

The south-west counties of Scotland have seldom corn enough to serve them round the year; and the northern parts producing more than they need, those in the west come in the summer to buy at Leith the stores that came from the north; and from a word, Whiggam, used in driving their horses, all that drove were called Whiggamors, and shorter, the Whiggs. Now, in that year (i. e. 1648), after the news came down of Duke Hamilton's defeat, the ministers animated their people to rise and march to Edinburgh; and they came up marching on the head of their parishes with an unheard-of fury, praying and preaching all the way as they came. The Marquis of Argyle and his party came and bearded them, they being about 6,000. This was called the Whiggamors' inroad, and ever after that, all that opposed the court came in contempt to be called Whiggs; and from Scotland the word was brought into England, where it is now one of our unhappy terms of disunion.-Burnet's History of his own Times, vol. i. p. 43.

Such is Burnet's account of the derivation of this word, in which he is followed by Samuel Johnson, who has transcribed the above passage in his Dictionary. Kirkton, also, in his History of the Church of Scotland, edited by C. K. Sharpe, Esq.,

in 1817, adheres to the same opinion. Under the year 1667, he says:

That the term Whig was originally derived from Scotland, is a well-ascertained fact; but while some of our etymologists follow the opinion of Burnet, others with greater show of reason, adhere to the opinion of Roger North, and the historians Laing and Lingard, all of whom were of opinion that the original Scotch Whigs were called so, not, as Burnet supposes, from the word used by them in driving their horses, but from the word Whig being vernacular in Scotland from sour, whey, which was a common drink with the people.

It is also suggested that the name "Whig" is derived from the Celtic ugham, a sort of large saddle, with bags attached to it, in use among the freebooters of the borders of Scotland: hence those robbers were known to the Highlanders by the name of Whiggam-more, or "big-saddle thieves; " and when the civil war broke out, the Highlanders and Irish, who supported the king, called themselves a taobh Righ, i. e. "the king's party," and gave the name of Whiggamore thieves to their opponents.

LINE ON FRANKLIN.

The line on Franklin

Eripuit cœlo fulmen, sceptrumque tyrannis,

was written by Turgot, Louis XVI.'s minister and controllergeneral of finance. This verse, however, so happily applied to the American philosopher and statesman's double title to renown, is merely the modification of one in the Anti-Lucretius of Cardinal Polignac, the 37th of the first book, "Eripuitque Jovi fulmen, Phœboque sagittas," which again had for its model that of Marcus Manilius, a poet of the Augustan age. It is the 104th of his Astronomicon, where he says of Epicurus (lib. v.), " Eripuitque Jovi fulmen, viresque Tonanti." This appears to be the original source of the phrase, so far as I could trace it. Turgot, though highly appreciated by his sovereign, and promoted to the

prime ministry in consequence, was only suffered to hold the responsible situation for a short time, from August, 1774, to May, 1776, when he fell a sacrifice to court intrigues, which the weak king had not the energy to resist, while emphatically saying, "Il n'y a que Turgot et moi qui aimions le peuple." This eminent statesman's advocacy of the freedom of commerce, state economy, and general liberty of the subject, exposed him not only to courtly, but to popular hostility. The French were certainly ill prepared for such innovations on their policy or habits, nor, even now, notwithstanding the constantly alternating schemes of government, from despotic to constitutional, in the long-interposed period, do they appear fully to appreciate, or anxious to introduce these desirable improvements.

ANAGRAMS.

The following anagram was found on the fly-leaf of a book in manuscript, date 1653, in the neat Italian hand of the period. The book had probably belonged to one of the English exiles who accompanied Charles II. in his banishment. I have never met with it in any collection of anagrams hitherto published.

Carolus Stuartus, Angliæ, Scotiæ, et Hiberniæ Rex,

Aulâ, statû, regno exueris, ac hostili arte necaberis.

Polemics apart, the following will strike most persons as most remarkably happy :

But, holie father, I am certifyed

That they youre power and policye deride ;
And how of you they make an anagram,

The best and bitterest that the wits could frame.

As thus:

Supremus Pontifex Romanus.

Annagramma:

O non sum super petram fixus.

It occurs in Taylor's Suddaine Turne of Fortune's Wheele, lately printed for private circulation, under the care of Mr. Halliwell.

The anagram by George Herbert on Roma, is a good specimen of what may be called "learned trifling."

Roma dabit oram, Maro,

Ramo, armo, mora, et amor.

Henriot, an ingenious anagrammatist, discovered the following anagram for the occasion of the 15th :

Napoleon Bonaparte sera-t-il consu à vie,

La [le] peuple bon reconnoissant votera Oui.

There is only a trifling change of a to e.-Gent. Mag., Aug. 1802, p. 771.

The following is singular :

Quid est veritas ?=Vir qui adest.

NOTES AND QUERIES.

The history of books and periodicals of a similar character ought to be an object of interest to the readers of this work. The number of works in which answers have been given to proposed questions is not small. Not to mention the Spectator and its imitators, nor the class of almanacs which give riddles and problems, nor mathematical periodicals of a more extensive character-though all these ought to be discussed in course of time— there yet remains a class of books in which general questions. proposed by the public are answered periodically, either by the public or by the editors.

In 1736 and 1737, appeared the Weekly Oracle; or, Universal Library. Published by a Society of Gentlemen. One folio sheet was published weekly, usually ending in the middle of a sentence. (Query. (Query. What is the technical name for this mode

of publication? If none, what ought to be ?) I have one folio. volume of seventy numbers, at the end of which notice of suspension is given, with prospect of revival in another form: probably no more was published. The introduction is an account of the editorial staff: to wit, a learned divine who "hath entered with so much discernment into the true spirit of the schoolmen, especially Thomas Aquinas and Duns Scotus, that he is qualified to resolve, to a hair's breadth, the nicest cases of conscience." A physician who "knows, to a mathematical point, the just tone and harmony of the rising pulses. A lawyer who, "what he this day has proved to be a contingent remainder, tomorrow he will, with equal learning, show must operate as an executory devise or as a springing use." A philosopher "able to give the true reason of all things, from the composition of watches to the raising of minced pies and who, if he is closely questioned about the manner of squaring the circle, or by what means the perpetual motion, or longitude, may be discovered, we believe has honesty, and we are sure that he has skill enough to say that he knows-nothing of the matter." A moral philosopher who has "discovered a perpetuum mobile of government." An eminent virtuoso who understands "what is the best pickle to preserve a rattlesnake or an Egyptian mummy, better than the nature of the government he lives under, or the economy and welfare of himself and family." Lastly, a man of mode. "Him the beaus and the ladies may consult in the affairs of love, dress, and equipage."

There is a great deal of good answering to tolerably rational questions, mixed with some attempts at humor and other eccentricities, and occasionally a freedom, both of question and answer, by which we might, were it advisable, confirm the fact, that the decorums of 1736 and of 1850 are two different things.

There are many other works of a similar character. Thus, we have Memoirs for the Ingenious, 1693, 4to., edited by I. de