The following villages were wholly or partially destroyed by the regular troops, the bashi-bazouks, and the Mussulman population in the sandjak of Philippopolis: Vetreno, (Hissardjik :) 350 houses, 1 church, 1 school; burned, 156 houses and school, with valuable books and manuscripts, by Hassan Pasha. Killed, 40.

Kara-Musal: 140 houses, 1 church, 1 school; by bashi-bazouks of Tatar Bazardjik and Ineli; all burned. Killed, 50.

Kara-Bunar: Plundered by volunteers going to Sophia.

Adjeli: 60 houses plundered; paid £150 to Mehmed Ali Bey, of Tatar Bazardjik. not to be burned.

Shekhlilaré: 60 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 43 houses burned by troops of Hassan Bey and by bashi-bazouks; 17 killed.

Kaloyerovo: 193 Bulgarian, 32 gipsy houses. Burned, 153 Bulgarian, 19 gipsy houses; 37 killed.

Tserovo: 170 Bulgarian, 20 gipsy houses, 1 church, 1 school. Burned, 63 Bulga rian, 4 gipsy houses; 45 killed. Twenty girls kept a long time by the soldiers of Hassan Pasha and violated.

Sert-Orman, (Bulgarian-Tserofsky Gumna :) 120 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 53 houses burned by Circassians and bashi-bazouks from Ishtimen; 27 killed.

Dere-Orman, (Bulgarian-Rietchné Gumna :) 30 houses; all burned and destroyed by Hassan Pasha; 3 killed.

Slavovitsa: 158 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 14 houses burned by Hassan Pasha; 29 killed.

Dinkata, (Dink-keni :) 60 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 55 houses burned by bashibazouks; 32 killed.

Lesitchevo: 168 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 64 houses burned by bashi-bazouks; 55 killed. Many girls were violated while being taken to Tatar Bazardjik.

Steherkovo, (Turkish-Gildelar:) 73 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 45 houses burned by bashi-bazouks; 5 killed.

Kalaglari, a mixed village: 143 Bulgarian, 15 Turkish houses. Burned, 112 Bulga rian, and 8 Turkish houses from their proximity to the others; burned by bashi-bazouks when the inhabitants were in Panagurishta; killed, 37.

Jumaya, a mixed village: 110 Bulgarian houses; the rest Turkish and gipsy. All the Bulgarian houses burned after the inhabitants had fled; 30 killed.

Bratzigovo: 450 houses; 10 burned by bashi-bazouks. Killed, 52.

Kormaya: 113 houses; all burned by Turks of neighboring villages; 67 killed. Very many violations and some abductions. One woman was forcibly made a Mussulman. Radulovo: 158 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned by bashi-bazouks of Mehmed Ali Bey, of Tatar Bazardjik. Killed, 36.

Biega, a mixed village: 65 Bulgarian, 43 Turkish, and 7 gipsy houses, 1 church, 1 school; all the Bulgarian houses burned by the Turks of the same village. Killed, 9, including 8 children who had their hands and other members cut off.

Zdrebetchko, a mixed village: 90 Bulgarian, 40 Turkish, and 2 gipsy houses, 1 church, 1 school. All Bulgarian houses burned. Killed, 47.

Alikotch, (Turkish—Ali-Hodja :) 68 houses; all burned by bashi-bazouks of Ali Bey, Killed, 68.

Kozarsko: 95 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned. Killed, 47, the children with various tortures.

Popintsa: 125 houses, 1 church, 2 schools; 26 houses burned by Hafuz Pasha. Killed, 66.

Biata 70 houses. Burned, 6; all the rest plundered. Church of St. George plandered by the Yuzbashi Halil, who had been sent to guard the village. Killed, 53. Bania: 160 houses; 60 burned by Hafuz Pasha. Killed, 13.

Metchka; 120 houses; 80 houses, church, and school burned by Hafuz Pasha. Petritch 339 houses; 322 houses burned by Yussuf Aga, of Sophia. Killed, 85. Streltcha, a mixed village: 350 Bulgarian, 50 Turkish houses. Burned-330 Bulga rian, 37 Turkish houses. Killed, 67 Bulgarians, with horrible tortures.

Koprivtchitsa: 2,500 houses. Burned, 5 mills; all houses pillaged. Killed, 52. Klissura: 830 houses, 1 church, 2 schools; all burned by Tussum Bey. Killed, 232. Sindjerli: 120 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned by Tussum Bey. Killed, 35. It is not true that this village was set on fire by its inhabitants, as Turks report. On the 28th June the huts rebuilt by the inhabitants were a second time burned by the Turks. Staro Novo-Selo: 300 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned. Killed, 106. Elshitsa: 90 houses. Burned, 52. Killed, 6.

Uzun-Geren: 120 houses; all burned. Killed, 13.

Krastovo: 80 houses, 1 church, 1 school; 70 burned, remainder ruined. Killed, 12. Aivadjik: 60 houses; 53 burned. Killed, 4.

Ereli: 122 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned by Tassum Bey. Killed, 38. Kepeli: 88 houses. Burned, 49. Killed, 42.

Sary-Gul: 64 houses. Burned, 49. Killed, 31.

Poitbrena: 336 houses, 294 other buildings in neighborhood. Burned, 199 houses, 140 other buildings. Killed, 13.

Panagurishta: 3,000 houses, 3 churches, 3 schools. Burned, 2 churches, 2 schools, 400 houses. Killed, about 2,000, of whom 769 belonged to the town.

Perushtitsa: 400 houses, 2 churches, 2 schools; all burned. About 1,000 killed.

Bellova: 158 houses, 2 schools, 2 churches; partly burned by Turks. Railway station burned by insurgents.

Batak: 780 houses, 1 church, 3 schools; all burned. Killed, 5,000.

Boikovo: 59 houses; 55 burned; school burned; church robbed; 13 killed.

Diedovo: 100 houses; all plundered. Burned by brother of Ahmed Aga.

Sotir: Burned; 4 killed. One schoolmaster killed and body burned.
Liaskovo: Plundered; 1 killed.

Eleshnitsa: 123 houses, 1 church, 1 school. Burned, 119. Killed, 21.
Pastutcha: 20 houses; all burned.

Yassy-Koria, (Yasa-Kushla:) 140 houses, 1 church, 1 school; all burned.

Doganovo, mixed village: 70 Turkish houses, 10 Bulgarian houses. All Bulgarian houses burned.

I am told of three or four other villages besides, but I have been able to learn no particulars concerning them. Very many others were pillaged, and some completely sacked. In this district there were also pillaged and destroyed four monasteries: St. Feodor, near Perushtitsa; that of the Panagia, and that of the Bezsretrennitsi, (Saints Kosina and Damian,) near Kretshina, and that of St. Nicholas, near Kaloyerovo. In each of these there was some loss of life.

In the district of Sliven there was but one village destroyed.

Boyadjik: 140 houses, 1 church, 1 school. All but 20 houses burned. Killed, 170, by official Turkish account; probably many more.

In the district of Tirnovo there were destroyed

Novo Sela: 1,200 houses. Burned, 710 houses, 2 churches, 2 schools, and convent. Killed, 691.

Gabeni: 1,200 houses; 69 burned, 336 pillaged. Killed, 20; 3 gipsies killed in the neighborhood, probably by insurgents.

Batoshevo: 600 houses. Burned, 60, besides 5 mills, church, and school. Monastery sacked and partly burned. Killed, 111.

Kupen: 80 houses. Burned, 12 houses; all pillaged. Killed, 12.

Kravenik: 270 houses. Burned, 141 houses, church, and school. Killed, 60.
Gentchevo-Mahallé: 15 houses burned. Killed, 5.

Novo-Mahallé, (Yeni Mahallé :) 480 houses; 20 houses, 1 school burned; church and most houses pillaged. Killed, 17.

Estura, (Yantra:) 100 houses. Many plundered, including school; 4 burned. Killed, 2. Dushovo: Village chiefly Turkish; 20 Bulgarian houses, all burned. Three killed. In each of many small villages, such as Yoftchutsi, Gazurnitzi, Vartchoftsi, ZelenoDrevo, &c., a few houses were burned and three or four people killed. Many shepherds in the mountains were also killed and their huts burned.

Besides the convent of the Holy Trinity, at Novo Selo, and the monastery of the Assumption, at Batoshevo, the monastery of St. Michael the Archangel, at Drenovo, was destroyed, when about 100 persons were killed. The Turkish authorities state that nine or ten soldiers and bashi-bazouks were killed during the siege. Some villages were destroyed and many people killed in other parts of the vilayet of the Danube and during the pursuit of the band of insurgents, coming from Roumania, that landed from the steamer Radetski near Kaslandi. Many more were killed and many houses plundered, but, as I made no local examination, I am unable to give details concerning these occurrences.

In many districts of Macedonia, notably those of Seres, Nevrokop, and Raslug, the Bulgarian villages were plundered by bands of bashi-bazouks.

Of the state of affairs in the vilayet of Sophia, which has been represented to me as very bad, I have been able to get little exact information. The following villages, all in close proximity to Koprivtchitsa and Panagurishta, suffered greatly: Rakovitsa: 223 houses; 212 burned by Hafuz Pasha. Killed, 36.

Kamenitsa: 53 houses; 20 burned; many children missing.

Smolsko: 280 houses; 27 burned. Killed, 13.

Mukhovo, (Tafon :) 230 houses; 160 burned by Hafuz Pasha. Killed, 59.
Raslovitsa: 150 houses; all burned.

Bielitsa: Burned.

In the district of Pirot, (Shahrkeni,) I am informed, from a very credible source, that forty-two villages were destroyed, chiefly at the time of the insurrection, though the work of murder and pillage continued for months after. Thirty-two of them are Tzervinchivo, Koumanovo, Tzernoklischté, Vranischte, Sinetze, Tzerchiantzi, Osmokovo, Linbatovitza, Kilné, Dol, Moklischte, Kine, Dolmi, Dolna Glama, Babine-Kam, Koza, Vitanovitzi, Mirinoditzi, Paege, Orla, Bazovine, Pagodéche, Tzerovo, Chougrime, Mirkovitzi, Roudene, Zasnovitzi, Galovine, Izvor, Chestigabère, Kaina, Baltoberilovitzi, Toplidol, and Zaskovitzi. The convent of Tmiski was also destroyed.

In the districts to which I paid particular attention, i. e., those of Philippopolis, Sliven, and Tirnovo, and the neighboring part of the province of Sophia, there were therefore seventy-nine villages wholly or partially burned, besides very many pillaged. At least 9,000 houses were burned, and taking the average of eight to a Bulgarian house, 72,000 persons were left without roof or shelter. According to the figures I have given above, 10,984 persons were killed. Many more were killed in the roads, in the fields, and in the mountains, of whom there is no record or count, and I think, therefore, I am not wrong in estimating the total number of killed at about 15,000. Many more died subsequently from disease and exposure and in prison.

The violations of women and the instances of cruelty and barbarity were so numerous that it has been impossible for me to do more than hint at them. There is scarcely one of the villages in the above list that could not show, on a small scale, what occurred at Panagurishta on a large scale.

The burning of these villages and the murders and atrocities committed were clearly unnecessary for the suppression of the insurrection, for it was an insignificant rebellion at the best, and the villagers generally surrendered at the first summons. Nor can they be justified by the state of panic, for, as I have shown, that was over before the troops set out on their campaign. An attempt, however, has been made, and not by Turks alone, to defend and palliate these acts on the ground of previous outrages, which it is alleged were committed by Bulgarians. I have carefully investigated this point, and am unable to find that the Bulgarians committed any atrocities or outrages or any acts which deserve that name. I have not been able to find that (as was stated) the insurgents set fire to Bulgarian villages for the purpose of inciting the inhab itants to revolt; nor, except in two cases, have I found that the insurgents set fire to villages inhabited by Turks. One of these was Streltcha, where the Turkish authorities alleged that the band from Panagurishta set fire to some of the Turkish houses for the purpose of overpowering the Turks, and also to the Bulgarian houses for the purpose of rousing the Bulgarians. The proof of this is very weak; but still it is possible. The other village to which I referred was that called Urutsi, divided into the four quarters (mahallés) of Duvanla, Orutchlu, Oktchulu, and Jaffarla, comprising in all 155 houses and a little over 500 inhabitants. This village, inhabited exclusively by Turks, was partly burned, and the Turks state that five of the inhabitants were killed. The Bulgarians say that Benkofsky, with some of his band, went from Panagurishta to Urutsi and burned five of the houses at the very outbreak of the insurrection, but that the others were burned by the bashi-bazouks from Tatar-Bazardjik, in order to induce the inhabitants of Urutsi to join them. This statement of the Bulgarians seems about as plausible as the statement of the Turks that the insurgents burned some of the Bulgarian villages, and no more.

I vainly tried to obtain from the Turkish officials a list of the outrages which they said were committed by the Bulgarians at the beginning of the insurrection, but I could hear nothing but vague statements, which, on investigation, were never proved. I was told by Kiani Pasha that the insurgents killed the wife and daughter of the mudir of Koprivtchitsa; but this mudir had no daughter, and his wife had remained at Eskizagra, where she still resides. I was also told of the murder of the wife of the mudir of Panagurishta, but at the time mentioned this village had no mudir. The stories that a Turk at Klissura was burned alive and then stoned, that a boy was flayed, that a Mussulman was burned at Oktchula, and that fearful outrages were per petrated on a woman at Bratsigovo, all rested on no foundation. In general, on the spot where such occurrences were said to have taken place, it was impossible to find any evidence in support of them, even from the Turks. I found that the further I went from the disturbed district, the greater and more exaggerated became the stories of the outrages committed by the Bulgarians. I heard far more about them even in Adrianople than in Philippopolis, and in Constantinople than in Adrianople. The report of the special Turkish commissioner, Edib Effendi, contains statements on this point, as on every other, which are utterly unfounded by fact, and the whole report may be characterized as a tissue of falsehood. I was referred for information with regard to these outrages to Hafuz Nuri Effendi, a leading Turk of Philippopolis. While

he mentioned two or three outrages, he evidently did not believe in them, and he admitted that they had never been proved to him. He placed the number of Mussulmans, including gypsies, killed during the troubles at 153, of whom 12 were women and children, the word "children" being taken to mean any one under twenty years of age. The highest number fixed for the Mussulmans killed, as stated to me in different places by Mussulmans, before and during the insurrection, is 174. I have myself been able to obtain proof of the death of only 115, as in the following table:

I was unable to assure myself that more than two Mussulman women had been killed at Panagurishta, and these were killed in fight. Neither Turkish women nor Turkish children were killed in cold blood. No Mussulman women were violated. No Mussulmans were tortured. No purely Turkish village, with the exception of Urutsi, was attacked or burned. No Mussulman house was pillaged; no mosque was desecrated.

The Turks, who were most guilty of these massacres and outrages, and who richly deserved the severest punishment, a punishment which might have very salutary consequences for the order and quiet of the country are as follows:

It has been claimed that the massacres and outrages in Bulgaria were not ordered by the Porte, and that it even had no knowledge of them.

However that may be, it is certain that nearly all those who particularly distinguished themselves for their cruelty and barbarity were rewarded, decorated, or promoted by the Porte, or have since held high positions in the army. On the contrary, an attempt has been made to punish some of those who did their best to act in a legal manner and to spare innocent men.

I am, &c.,

EUGENE SCHUYLER.