LAW of the United States of Brazil to regulate the Extradition of Nationals and Aliens and the Trial and Judgment of the same in the event of their perpetrating abroad any of the Crimes specified in the Law.-Rio de Janeiro, June 28, 1911. (Translation.) THE President of the United States of Brazil: I make known that the National Congress has decreed and I sanction the following law :: ART. 1. The extradition of nationals is permitted : § 1. Extradition of nationals shall be granted when, by law or Treaty, the country requesting the extradition promises to Brazil reciprocity of treatment. § 2. Absence of reciprocity shall not prevent extradition in the event of naturalization subsequent to the act occasioning the request from the country where the offence is committed. 2. Extradition cannot be granted in the following cases: § 1. When the offence is not punishable by Brazilian law by one or more years' imprisonment, attempt and complicity included. § 2. When the individual claimed shall be under trial, or shall have been condemned or acquitted by the Brazilian judicial authorities for the offence occasioning the requisition. § 3. When the offence or the punishment has been barred by prescription in accordance with the law of the country requesting extradition. § 4. When the accused is answerable to any Court or extraordinary jurisdiction in the country requesting the extradition. § 5. When the crime is: (a.) Purely military; (b.) Against religion; (c.) Of the press; (d.) Political. Allegation of a political end or motive shall not prevent extradition when the offence constitutes in the main an ordinary infraction of the penal law. The Supreme Federal Tribunal, on being advised of the requisition, shall decide the general character of the offence. Extradition being granted, delivery of the individual shall be conditional on an assurance on the part of the State requesting it that no political end or motive shall contribute towards increasing the penalty. 3. When the accused against whom the requisition is made is under trial or under sentence of a term of imprisonment or of a penalty which may result in prison, for a different offence committed in Brazil, extradition shall be decided upon in accordance with this law, but the delivery shall be carried out after the trial or fulfilment of the penalty. 4. If the penalty to which the individual claimed is liable, according to the law of the State claiming his extradition, is death or corporal punishment, extradition shall only be permitted on the condition that such penalty is commuted to one of imprisonment. 5. Extradition being obtained, the State demanding it shall undertake not to hold the individual claimed responsible for other offences committed previous to the extradition, but only for the offence or offences occasioning his delivery, except if the accused freely and formally consents to be tried for these other offences, or if, on being set at liberty, he remains in the territory of the country demanding extradition for a period exceeding one month. 6. The State demanding extradition cannot, without the consent of the State granting it, deliver the individual claimed to a third State except in virtue of the exception laid down in the last part of the previous Article. 7. In the event of requisitions being made by different States for the extradition of the same person for the same offence, the requisition of the country in whose territory the offence was committed shall have the preference; in the case of various offences committed, preference shall be granted to the requisition made in consequence of the most serious offence; in the event of offences of equal gravity, that State shall be granted the preference which shall have been the first to demand delivery. In the two last hypotheses extradition for eventual delivery to other claimants may be agreed upon 8. Extradition shall be requested through the diplomatic channel, the requisition being accompanied by a copy or authentic transcript of the sentence or of the verdict or proceedings of the criminal trial, issued by the competent Judge. These documents must contain a precise indication of the alleged offence and the place and date .of its commission and be accompanied by copies of the text of the law applicable to the case. 9. The Minister for Foreign Affairs shall send the requisition to the Minister of the Interior who shall take steps for the imprisonment of the individual claimed and his appearance before the Supreme Federal Tribunal. Single Paragraph.-In urgent cases imprisonment may be effected beforehand and maintained for sixty days, within which period the State demanding extradition shall present a duly prepared and formal requisition to the State of which it is demanded. 10. No requisition for extradition shall be granted before its legality and proper procedure has been pronounced upon by the Supreme Federal Tribunal. The arrest of the individual claimed having been effected, all the documents referring to the requisition shall be sent to the Supreme Federal Tribunal, from whose decision there shall be no appeal. Tribunal shall be allowed to be accompanied by an advocate, and he may plead in defence that he is not the person claimed, that the documents are not in order, and that the extradition is not lawful. 11. Extradition being granted, if, within twenty days from the time of the communication to the State making the claim that the person claimed is at its disposal, the diplomatic agent concerned shall not have sent him to the country claiming him, the accused shall be set at liberty and shall not be again arrested for extradition on the same grounds. 12. On the publication of this law its text shall be sent to all the nations with which Brazil maintains relations, and all the extradition treaties now in force shall be denounced. 13. Brazilians who commit any of the following crimes abroad can be tried and sentenced, although absent from the Republic: : (a.) Against the independence, integrity, and dignity of the Fatherland. (Penal Code, Articles 87, 92, 94, 98, 101, 102, and 104); (b.) Against the Constitution of the Republic and the form of its Government. (Penal Code, Articles 107 and 108); (c.) False coining. (Penal Code, Articles 239 and 243); (d.) Falsification of bonds ("titulos ") and papers of credit of the Federal Government, States, and banks. (Penal Code, Articles 245 and 250.) $1. The judgment of such criminals, however, shall only become effective when they shall have returned voluntarily or by extradition from that country. § 2. The trial and judgment of aliens who shall commit any of the crimes at present enumerated shall only take place when the criminals, voluntarily or under compulsion, shall come to the country. 14. The national or alien who perpetrates a crime abroad against a Brazilian, which by Brazilian law would entail a minimum penalty of two years' imprisonment, can be tried and sentenced in Brazil. §1. In cases where extradition is allowed, proceedings against a national or alien can only be instituted upon the requisition of the Ministry of the Interior or claim of the party interested if extradition has not been applied for by the State in whose territory the offence was committed. § 2. The trial and judgment shall not take place on account of crimes referred to in Article 14 if the criminals shall have already been acquitted, punished, or pardoned abroad for such crimes, or if the crime or penalty shall have already acquired prescription in accordance with the most favourable law. The trial and judgment of the crimes mentioned in Article 13 shall not be barred by the sentence or any act of a foreign authority. Nevertheless, the duration of any imprisonment served abroad for such crimes shall be taken into consideration. §3. The Federal judiciary is always competent to take cognizance of crimes committed abroad. 15. All measures to the contrary are revoked. Rio de Janeiro, 28th June, 1911, the 90th year of Independence and the 23rd of the Republic. RIVADAVIA DA CUNHA CORRÉA. HERMES R. DA FONSECA. ARBITRATION CONVENTION between Brazil and Hayti. -Signed at Washington, April 25, 1910. [Ratifications exchanged at Washington, November 21, 1912.] LE Président de la République d'Haïti et le Président de la République des États-Unis du Brésil, désirant conclure une Convention d'Arbitrage en application des principes énoncés dans les articles XV à XIX et XXI de la Convention pour le règlement pacifique des conflits internationaux, signée à La Haye, le 29 juillet, 1899,* et des articles XXXVII à XL et XLII de la Convention signée à la même ville de La Ilaye, le 18 octobre, 1907,† ont nommé pour leurs Plénipotentiaires, savoir: Le Président de la République d'Haïti : M. H. Pauléus Sannon, Envoyé extraordinaire et Ministre plénipotentiaire à Washington; Le Président des États-Unis du Brésil: M. Rinaldo de Lima e Silva, Chargé d'Affaires à Washington; Lesquels, dûment autorisés, sont convenus des articles suivants :: ART. I. Les différends d'ordre juridique ou relatifs à l'interprétation des traités existant entre les deux hautes parties contractantes qui viendraient à se produire entre elles, et qui n'auraient pu être réglés par la voie diplomatique, seront soumis à la Cour permanente d'Arbitrage établie par la Convention du 29 juillet, 1899, à La Haye, à la condition, toutefois, qu'ils ne mettent en cause ni les intérêts vitaux, ni l'indépendance ou l'honneur des États contractants et qu'ils ne touchent pas aux intérêts de tierces Puissances, étant, en outre, entendu que, si l'une des deux parties contractantes le préfère, tout arbitrage résultant de la présente Convention sera soumis à un chef d'État, à un Gouvernement ami, ou à un ou plusieurs arbitres, choisis en dehors des listes du Tribunal de La Haye. II. Dans chaque cas particulier, les hautes parties contractantes avant de s'adresser à la Cour permanente de La Haye, à d'autres arbitres ou à un seul arbitre, signeront un compromis † Vol. C, page 298. * Vol. XCI, page 970. spécial déterminant nettement l'objet du litige, l'étendue des pouvoirs de l'arbitre ou des arbitres, et les conditions à observer en ce qui concerne les délais pour la constitution du tribunal arbitrale ou le choix de l'arbitre ou des arbitres, ainsi que les règles de la procédure. Ces compromis spéciaux seront soumis, dans les deux pays, aux formalités requises par les lois constitutionnelles. III. La présente Convention est conclue pour une durée de cinq années à partir du jour de l'échange des ratifications. Si elle n'est pas dénoncée six mois avant l'expiration de ce terme, elle continuera à rester en vigueur pendant une nouvelle période de cinq années, et il en sera de même successivement. IV. La présente Convention sera ratifiée après l'accomplissement des formalités légales dans les deux pays, et les ratifications en seront échangées à Washington aussitôt que faire se pourra. En foi de quoi nous, les Plénipotentiaires ci-dessus nommés, nous signons le présent instrument en deux exemplaires, chacun en langues française et portugaise, et y apposons nos cachets à Washington, le 25 du mois d'avril, 1910. (L.S.) R. DE LIMA E SILVA. EXCHANGE OF NOTES between the Brazilian and Italian Governments extending until December 31, 1912, the Provisional Commercial Agreement between the two Countries, dated July 5, 1900.*-Rio de Janeiro, May 15 and June 4, 1910. [Translation of Notification by the Italian Ministry for By notes exchanged on the 15th May and the 4th June, 1910, the Royal Italian Minister in Brazil and the Brazilian Minister for Foreign Affairs, duly authorized by their respective Governments, agreed that the Commercial Agreement concluded on the 5th July, 1900, between Italy and Brazil shall be extended until the 31st December, 1912. In virtue of this extension raw Brazilian coffee will continue, on importation into the kingdom, to be subject to a duty of 130 lire per 100 kilog., while the products of Italy will continue on their importation into Brazil, to enjoy the Brazilian minimum tariff. * Vol. C, page 807. |