to Canada. No doubt; but probably the other party had something to say to that. The fourth objection of the board is that the right of obtaining United States registry for Canadian ships cannot be regarded as a valuable concession, seeing that Canadians, instead of keeping their ships and sailing them, might be seduced into selling them, and thereby transfer to the Americans the great profits of the carrying trade. I venture to think this objection is not worthy of a reply. The fifth objection of the board is, that the Caughnawaga Canal should not have been stipulated to be built until the construction of the Whitehall Canal was absolutely secured. The Canadian government thought otherwise, and I venture to believe they were right in what they did. The chief interest of the United States may be "in the opening up of a new route to the ocean;" but a very important interest in Canada is to open up a new water route from New England to the West. The sixth objection of the board is, that the right of re-entry of goods into the country of their production should have been provided for, but was not. All goods placed in bond can now be re-entered in the country from whence they came. Surely the board cannot mean that broken pack. ages of goods should be returned? The seventh objection of the board is, that it cannot tell whether goods manufactured in either country must be composed entirely of native materials. Certainly not. The eighth and last objection is, that all consular fees and certificates should have been abolished by the treaty, but were not. It is by no means clear that this would have been an advantage. With regard to the recent action of the United States senate on the draft treaty, and its return to the president with the advice that it was inexpedient to proceed with it, I may state he explained that the proceedings of the senate were taken in executive session, and therefore strictly secret, but the probability is that no full discussion of the matter had taken place in consequence of the shortness of the session, the absorbing interests of the questions now agitated, and the large financial deficit that had to be met by the imposition of new taxes. The fate of the negotiation is, however, settled for the present, but the agreement that resulted from it is on record, and no doubt will yet make its appearance again, and form the basis of a new and more successful negotiation. It took six years to conclude the negotiation for the treaty of 1954, and not a few delays and rejections occurred in that time. I totally misconstrue the present temper of the American public mind if a great change on the subject of protection and finance and foreign trade is not approaching; and when that day arrives, the large and practical scheme embraced in the draft treaty will hardly be forgotten. But be that as it may, it is not for the people of Canada to be influenced by any such anticipation. They have shown their ability to open new markets for themselves when the American market was closed against them, and the clear path for them is to follow up, with redoubled energy and perseverance, the policy on which they have entered. Let the Americans load their industries with customs duties as they choose; be it the firm policy of Canada to remove every barrier in the way of commercial extension, to repeal all duties on raw materials, on articles used in manufacturing, and on the common necessities of daily life, and to replace the revenue lost, if needed, by a wiser and cheaper system of taxation; let them seek to develop their great national industries, and especially the agricultural, shipping, fishing, mineral, and lumber industries; let them open up new markets adapted to their traffic; and let the Canadian flag be found floating on every sea. INDEX. Act, Imperial, authorizes Canadian provinces to deal with clergy reserves, 52. Adherence to principles distinctly stated vital to responsible government, 49. Albion newspaper, 10. Assassination of Mr. Brown, 141. Bagot, Sir Charles; short term and illness, 3. Baldwin, Robert, had confidence of reformers, 26; his timidity, 27, 147; "Baldwin reformers," their defection, 22; their characters, 22; assailed Banner newspaper, 11. Barren speech from the throne in 1851, 44. Belleau, Sir Narcisse, becomes premier of coalition government, 101; too Bennett, assassinates Mr. Brown, 141. Bishop of Toronto, his agitation of the clergy reserve question, 7. Bow Park farm, 118, 119. Bribery at elections of 1872; Mr. Mackenzie's statement, 129; Mr. Brown's British system of government in America compared with that of United "British North American League," 20. Brown, Mr. Peter, emigrates to New York, 10; his character, 9, 10; pub- Brown, Mr. (afterwards Hon.) George, his parentage and education, 9; Brown, Hon. George-continued. speech, 41: attitude towards the government, 44; increasing influence, Bull, Papal, 1850, 33. Burns, Dr., SI. Cameron, Mr. Malcolm, enters ministry, 16; confided in by liberals, 29: Cameron, Mr. J. H., member of committee on constitutional changes, 85. Cardinal Wiseman's pronunciamento, 33. Cardwell, Mr., approves confederation, 97; applies pressure to Maritime Carnarvon, Lord, appoints Canadian as commissioner, 137. Cartier-Maclonal government defeated, SO. Cartier, member of committee on constitutional changes, 85; visits Eng- Catholic, Roman, separate schools, 33. Catholics offended by Globe articles, 33. Causes of Mr. Brown's leaving coalition, 103, 105. Causes of insurrection of 1837-9, 1. Cayley, Mr., moves amendment, 56. Chapais, Mr., member of committee on constitutional changes, 85. "Clear grit," origin of term, 38, 149. Clergy reserves, lands seized by Church of England, 4; some Presbyterians Coalition government breaks faith with Mr. Brown, 106. Commission on management of Provincial Penitentiary, 16; report and Compromise, terms not explained, 48. Confederation accomplished, 108, 121, 151. Conference between Messrs. Macdonald, Galt, and Brown, 88, 89. Conservative government, under Lord Metcalfe, 7; expires in 1848, 7. 31. Convention, reform, of 1867, 112; of provincial delegates on confederation, 95. Correspondence, official, between Sir E. Head and Mr. Brown, 59, 60, 61; Cowardice of some reform leaders, 15. Crawford, Hon. John, Mr. Brown's views of his appointment as Lieutenant- Carrie, Mr., moves resolution at reform convention, 113. Daly, Mr. Dominick, sole minister, 6. Death-bed scenes, 143-4. Defection of leading reformers, 15. Defence, Mr. Brown's, of Lord Elgin, 19, 20; of religious equality, 34. Disraeli, Mr., on Washington treaty, 136. Dissertation on Mr. Brown's Canadian career, 147-154. Dissolution, in 1844, and its results, 12. Divergence of views of Messrs. Cameron, Hopkins, and Hincks, 47. Division better than desertion of principle, 32. Domestic relations of Mr. Brown, 154, Dorion, Mr., resigns, 80; re-enters ministry, 80; opposes confederation, 95. Downing Street management, 120, 121. Draper, W. H., 2. Dufferin, Lord, Lord Kimberley's instructions to, 6; course contrasted with Ecclesiastical questions, 4. Election, general, of 1847-8, 14; of 1854, 52; of 1857, 59; of 1872, 129. Examiner newspaper, 8. Expenses of commissions to Washington in 1854 and 1874, 138. Failure of Mr. J. A. Macdonald's attack on Mr. Brown, 57. Federal union proposed, 71; agreed to, 90. |