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of the boundary line as traced on the spot; maps signed by the commissioners shall be annexed to the report. This report with its annexes shall be drawn up in triplicate: one of these shall be deposited in the archives of the League of Nations, one shall be kept by the Government of the Republic and one by His Majesty's Britannic Government.

ARTICLE 2

The Mandatory shall be responsible for the peace, order and good government of the territory, and for the promotion to the utmost of the material and moral well-being and the social progress of its inhabitants.

ARTICLE 3

The Mandatory shall not establish in the territory any military or naval bases, nor erect any fortifications, nor organize any native military force except for local police purposes and for the defence of the territory.

It is understood, however, that the troops thus raised may, in the event of general war, be utilized to repel an attack or for the defence of the territory outside that subject to the mandate.

The Mandatory:

ARTICLE 4

(1) shall provide for the eventual emancipation of all slaves, and for as speedy an elimination of domestic and other slavery as social conditions will allow;

(2) shall suppress all forms of slave trade;

(3) shall prohibit all forms of forced or compulsory labor, except for essential public works and services, and then only in return for adequate remuneration;

(4) shall protect the natives from measures of fraud and force by the careful supervision of labor contracts and the recruiting of labor;

(5) shall exercise a strict control over the traffic in arms and ammunition and the sale of spirituous liquors.

ARTICLE 5

In the framing of laws relating to the holding or transfer of land, the Mandatory shall take into consideration native laws and customs, and shall respect the rights and safeguard the interests of the native pupulation.

No native land may be transferred, except between natives, without the previous consent of the public authorities, and no real rights over native land in favor of non-natives may be created except with the same consent. The Mandatory shall promulgate strict regulations against usury.

ARTICLE 6

The Mandatory shall secure to all nationals of states members of the League of Nations the same rights as are enjoyed in the territory by his own nationals in respect of entry into and residence in the territory, the protec

tion afforded to their person and property, and acquisition of property, movable and immovable, and the exercise of their profession or trade, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.

Further, the Mandatory shall ensure to all nationals of states members of the League of Nations, on the same footing as to his own nationals, freedom of transit and navigation, and complete economic, commercial and industrial equality; except that the Mandatory shall be free to organize essential public works and services on such terms and conditions as he thinks just.

Concessions for the development of the natural resources of the territory shall be granted by the Mandatory without distinction on grounds of nationality between the nationals of all states members of the League of Nations, but on such conditions as will maintain intact the authority of the local government.

Concessions having the character of a general monopoly shall not be granted. This provision does not affect the right of the Mandatory to create monopolies of a purely fiscal character in the interest of the territory under mandate and in order to provide the territory with fiscal resources which seem best suited to the local requirements; or, in certain cases, to carry out the development of natural resources, either directly by the State or by a controlled agency, provided that there shall result therefrom no monopoly of the natural resources for the benefit of the Mandatory or his nationals, directly or indirectly, nor any preferential advantage which shall be inconsistent with the economic, commercial and industrial equality hereinbefore guaranteed..

The rights conferred by this article extend equally to companies and associations organized in accordance with the law of any of the members of the League of Nations, subject only to the requirements of public order, and on condition of compliance with the local law.

ARTICLE 7

The Mandatory shall ensure in the territory complete freedom of conscience and the free exercise of all forms of worship which are consonant with public order and morality; missionaries who are nationals of states members of the League of Nations shall be free to enter the territory and to travel and reside therein, to acquire and possess property, to erect religious buildings and to open schools throughout the territory; it being understood, however, that the Mandatory shall have the right to exercise such control as may be necessary for the maintenance of public order and good government, and to take all measures required for such control.

ARTICLE 8

The Mandatory shall apply to the territory any general international conventions applicable to his contiguous territory.

ARTICLE 9

The Mandatory shall have full powers of administration and legislation in the area subject to the mandate. This area shall be administered in accordance with the laws of the Mandatory as an integral part of his territory and subject to the above provisions.

The Mandatory shall therefore be at liberty to apply his laws to the territory subject to the mandate, with such modifications as may be required by local conditions, and to constitute the territory into a customs, fiscal, or administrative union or federation with the adjacent territories under his sovereignty or control, provided always that the measures adopted to that end do not infringe the provisions of this mandate.

ARTICLE 10

The Mandatory shall make to the Council of the League of Nations an annual report to the satisfaction of the Council. This report shall contain full information concerning the measures taken to apply the provisions of this mandate.

ARTICLE 11

The consent of the Council of the League of Nations is required for any modification of the terms of the present mandate.

ARTICLE 12

The Mandatory agrees that, if any dispute whatever should arise between the Mandatory and another member of the League of Nations relating to the interpretation or the application of the provisions of the mandate, such dispute, if it cannot be settled by negotiation, shall be submitted to the Permanent Court of International Justice provided for by Article 14 of the Covenant of the League of Nations.

The present instrument shall be deposited in original in the archives of the League of Nations. Certified copies shall be forwarded by the Secretary-General of the League of Nations to all members of the League. Done at London, the twentieth day of July one thousand nine hundred and twenty-two.

DECLARATION APPROVED BY THE COUNCIL OF THE LEAGUE

OF NATIONS, LONDON, JULY 24, 19221

In view of the declarations which have just been made, and of the agreement reached by all the members of the Council, the articles of the mandates for Palestine and Syria are approved. The mandates will enter into force automatically and at the same time, as soon as the Governments of France

1 League of Nations Official Journal, Aug. 1922, p. 825.

and Italy have notified the President of the Council of the League of Nations that they have reached an agreement on certain particular points in regard to the latter of these mandates.2

The present negotiations will be resumed at Geneva on August 30, before the meeting of the next Assembly, expressly to solve the questions submitted for its decision under Article 14 of the mandate for Palestine.3

? The notification of France and Italy had not been made at the date of publication of this SUPPLEMENT.-ED.

See footnote to Article 14 of the Palestine mandate, supra, p. 167.

OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS

CONVENTION FOR THE REGULATION OF AERIAL NAVIGATION 1

Done at Paris, October 13, 1919

The United States of America, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, the British Empire, China, Cuba, Ecuador, France, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, the Hedjaz, Honduras, Italy, Japan, Liberia, Nicaragua, Panama, Peru, Poland, Portugal, Roumania, the Serb-Croat-Slovene State, Siam, Czecho-Slovakia and Uruguay,

Recognizing the progress of aerial navigation, and that the establishment of regulations of universal application will be to the interest of all;

Appreciating the necessity of an early agreement upon certain principles and rules calculated to prevent controversy;

Desiring to encourage the peaceful intercourse of nations by means of aerial communication;

Have determined for these purposes to conclude a convention, and have appointed as their plenipotentiaries the following, reserving the right of substituting others to sign the same convention:

THE PRESIDENT OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA:

The Honorable Frank Lyon Polk, Under-Secretary of State;

HIS MAJESTY THE KING OF THE BELGIANS:

Mr. Paul Hymans, Minister for Foreign Affairs, Minister of State; THE PRESIDENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF BOLIVIA:

Mr. Ismaël Montes, Envoy Extraordinary and Minster Plenipotentiary of Bolivia at Paris;

1 British Treaty Series, 1922, No. 2 (Cmd. 1609).

The following annexes referred to in the convention contain detailed, technical regulations and descriptions. They are, therefore, not reprinted in this SUPPLEMENT:

Annex (A)--The Marking of Aircraft.

Annex (B)-Certificates of Airworthiness.

Annex (C)-Log Books.

Annex (D)-Rules as to Lights and Signals. Rules of the Air.

Annex (E)—Minimum Qualifications necessary for Obtaining Certificates as Pilots and Navigators.

Annex (F)-International Aeronautical Maps and Ground Markings.

Annex (G)-Collection and Dissemination of Meteorological Information.

Readers interested in these regulations may find them in the British Treaty Series for 1922, No. 2. Amendments of the regulations contained in Annexes (A), (C), (D) and (E) may be found in the British Treaty Series for 1923, No. 14. Annex (H), relating to customs regulations for aircraft, being of a more general interest, is reprinted in this SUPPLEMENT, p. 208.

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