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other member of the Force to whom the order is addressed, should request the sanitary authority to supply a suitable conveyance, and should not act on the order until such conveyance is supplied.]

S. 142. Exposure of infected persons and things.—Any person who (1) while suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder wilfully exposes himself without proper precautions against spreading the said disorder in any street, public place, shop, inn, or public conveyance, or enters any public conveyance without previously notifying to the owner, conductor, or driver thereof that he is so suffering; or (2) being in charge of any person so suffering, so exposes such sufferer; or (3) gives, lends, sells, transmits, or exposes, without previous disinfection, any bedding, clothing, rags, 'or other things which have been exposed to infection from any such disorder; or (4) exposes or conveys without proper precaution the body of any person who has died of any dangerous infectious disorder; or (5) wakes, or permits to be waked, in any house room, or place over which he has control, the body of any person who has died of any dangerous infectious disorder, shall be liable to a penalty not exceeding £5; and a person who, while suffering from any such disorder, enters any public conveyance without previously notifying to the owner or driver that he is so suffering, may be summarily ejected therefrom, and shall in addition be ordered by the court to pay such owner and driver the amount of any loss and expense they may incur in carrying into effect the provisions of this Act with respect to disinfection of the conveyance. Provided that no proceedings under this section shall be taken against persons transmitting with proper precautions any bedding, clothing, rags, or other things for the purpose of having the same disinfected.

[Duties of the Constabulary --Every member of the Force is required to notify to the clerk of the sanitary authority any violation of the above five provisions that comes to his notice. Any member of the Force who learns that it is intended to wake in any house within his district the body of a person who has died of a dangerous infectious disorder, in contravention of the provisions of this section, should at once warn the occupiers of such house of the illegality of such wake, and of the penalty to which a person permitting it is liable. If, notwithstanding this warning, the wake is held, the Constable should at once notify the fact to the clerk of the sanitary authority of the district within which the house is situated, with a view to such sanitary authority taking the necessary proceedings to enforce the penalty.]

S. 143. Owner or driver of public conveyance which has conveyed persons suffering from infectious disorder or infectious things failing to disinfect conveyance immediately, P.£5.

S. 144. Person letting house or room, in which any person has been suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder, without having such house, etc., disinfected, P. £20. - Provision applies to keeper of an inn or school.

S. 146. Any person sending a child to school who within three months has been suffering from any dangerous infectious disorder, or who has resided in any house where such disorder has existed within six weeks without medical certificate and disinfection of clothes, P. 40s.

of

S. 147. Justice may make an order for the vaccination any child under fourteen years who has not been successfully vaccinated.

S. 158. Removal and burial of dead body.-Where the body of one who has died of any infectious disease is retained in a room in which persons live or sleep, or any dead body which is in such a state as to endanger the health of the inmates of the same house or room, is retained in such house or room, any justice may, on a certificate signed by medical practitioner whose fee for giving certificate shall be one guinea to be paid by sanitary authority, order the body to be removed, at the cost of the sanitary authority, to any mortuary provided by such authority, and direct the same to be buried within a time to be limited in such order; and unless the friends or relatives of the deceased undertake to bury the body within the time so limited and do bury the same, it shall be the duty of the relieving officer to bury such body at the expense of the poor rate. Person obstructing liable to, P. £5.

S. 170. No corpse to be buried in private grave without consent in writing of relation of member of family last interred.

S. 171. No animal shall be allowed to graze or to be within the limits of any burial ground having a sufficient fence.

Public-house License. The public-house license is the license granted to "inns, ale-houses, or victuallinghouses," for the sale of beer, and other intoxicating liquors in any quantity, to be consumed on or off the premises (6 Geo. IV., c. 81, 3 and 4 Wm. IV., c. 68). The license expires on the 10th of October in each year.

There are four kinds of publicans licenses now obtainable in Ireland:-1. The ordinary or sevenday license (3 and 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, sec. 2). 2. The six-day license (Act of 1872, sec. 49). 3, The early

closing license (Act of 1874, sec. 2). 4. The sixday and early closing license (Act of 1874, sec. 3). They are all issued by the excise authorities upon the production of a certificate granted by the recorder or magistrates at quarter sessions, and signed by the clerk of the peace. When such quarter sessions are not the "annual licensing quarter sessions" the certificate of grant will have force only till "the annual licensing quarter sessions," when the certificate will have to be confirmed. The Michaelmas quarter sessions in each year is constituted "the annual licensing quarter

sessions."

Mode in which a publican's license is obtained.— Every person who shall not have been licensed in the preceding year to sell beer, cider, or spirits to be consumed in the house where sold, and who shall intend to apply for such excise license (whether it be a new license or the transfer of an existing one), shall twenty-one days at least before the first day of the quarter sessions, to be held for the district within which the house of the applicant shall be situate, give or cause to be given (1) to each of the two next local magistrates, (2) to the clerk of the peace for the county or county of a city, or county of a town in which the house is situate, and (3) to the District Inspector of the district in which he resides, or in his absence, to the Head Constable, or if in the Dublin Metropolitan Police District, to the Superintendent of the Division in which such person resides, a notice in writing signed by such person stating his intention to make such application; and setting forth the situation and place of his house, as well in respect to the road or highway on or adjacent to which it lies, or otherwise, in a true and particular manner, specifying the town, townland, parish, barony, half-barony, and if in a city or town, the street, square, lane, or other description. of place, together with the number of such house, if it shall have been numbered; and also the place of abode of such person (3 & 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, sec. 2; 17 & 18 Vic. c. 89, sec. 9); (4) he "shall on some day not more than four and not less than two weeks before the

intended application is to be heard, cause to be inserted or advertised in some paper circulating in the place in which such premises are situate, a notice conformable to the requirements " above-mentioned (Act of 1874, sec. 10).

Upon a certain day and hour during the quarter sessions the names of such applicants, together with their places of abode, shall be called aloud in alphabetical order in open court by the officer of the court, and proclamation made of each application, and demand made whether any one has or knows of any objection to or why such application should not be allowed or licence granted (3 & 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, s. 3).

Objections to granting of license, how made.-Any justice of the peace of such city, town, or county, or an inhabitant of the parish, may previously transmit or then and there deliver in writing to the clerk of the peace, or orally state to the justices in sessions assembled, "any matter or objection to such application, whether grounded upon (1) the character, misconduct, or unfitness of the applicant; (2) unfitness or inconvenience of the house or place; or (3) number of previously licensed houses in the neighbourhood ;" and if any such objection shall be so transmitted or made, an entry thereof shall then be recorded by the clerk of the peace (3 & 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, sec. 4). The District Inspector of the district, or in his absence the Head Constable, or if in the Dublin Metropolitan Police District, the Superintendent of Police of the Division, may object to such certificate before the justices at the quarter sessions, or recorder. And the justices or recorder shall then or at some other convenient time to be appointed, proceed to consider and adjudicate upon the objections made, and for that purpose to examine on oath such applicant or other person as they deem fit-they may require the applicant to answer whether he belongs to any unlawful society or not, and if satisfied of the truth and sufficiency of such objection, they shall by order in writing to be duly entered by the clerk of the peace, prohibit such license to be issued, and therein declare

the reason or ground of such prohibition (3 & 4 Wm. IV., sec. 4, and 17 & 18 Vic., c. 89, sec. 10). Subject to the necessity of hearing evidence, the magistrates have a judicial discretion to grant or refuse their certificate for the license, and there is no appeal from their decision. If the magistrates decide that the applicant should receive a license, a certificate is furnished to him signed by the clerk of the peace. Upon presenting this certificate, and payment of the license duty to the proper officer of excise for the district, the license is thereon granted (3 & 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, sec. 6).

By 3 and 4 Wm. IV., c. 68. s. 13, no distiller, brewer, rectifier, or compounder of spirits, bailiff, gaoler, turnkey, constable, sheriff, sub-sheriff, sheriff's officer, peace officer, or keeper of any turnpike gate, nor any person not being a householder shall be capable of receiving or holding a pub

lican's license.

Renewal of license. The license remains in force only one year, and must be renewed on its expiration (10th October). The renewal of the license (if it has not been withdrawn or annulled) is granted to the same person, and for the same house, by the Collector of Inland Revenue upon the production of two certificates to the good character of the applicant, and to the peaceable and orderly manner in which the house has been conducted in the past year-one signed by six householders of the parish (two of them being residents of the same or next adjoining townland, or street if in a city or town, in which the applicant resides); the other signed by two or more magistrates, presiding at the petty sessions (or, if in Dublin, by a divisional justice) of the district in which such person resides (3 & 4 Wm. IV., c. 68, s. 1; 17 & 18 Vic., c. 89, s. 11). The applicant for the magistrates' certificate for renewal of license need not attend in person at the petty sessions court unless he is required by the justices or police authority (that is, in Dublin metropolis either of the Commissioners of Police, and elsewhere the District Inspector of the Constabulary district), so to attend, for some special cause personal to himself. The justices are not to entertain any

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