or enclosed, where he has reasonable cause to believe that there is any weight, measure, scale, balance, steelyard, or weighing machine which he is authorized by this Act to inspect. Any person who neglects or refuses to produce for such inspection all weights, measures, &c., in his possession or on his premises, or refuses to permit the ex-officio Inspector to examine the same or any of them, or obstructs the entry of the ex-officio Inspector, or otherwise obstructs or hinders him acting under Section 48, is liable to a fine not exceeding £5, or in case of a second offence, £10. After the verification pursuant to notice, the ex-officio Inspectors should visit the shops, &c., of traders to inspect their weights and measures, and to search for such as are false or unjust. Should they discover that any trader has in use, or in his warehouse or place of trade any false or unjust weights and measures, or that any fraud is committed in the using: thereof, the ex-officio Inspectors should seize all such weights and measures, and summon the offender to petty sessions, according to 14 & 15 Vic., c. 93, under which Act all proceedings are to be taken. In case of a conviction for having false, unjust, or unstamped weights or measures, such weights and measures are to be destroyed if they are ordered to be forfeited. (See Secs. 25 and 29 of Act.) To ensure a conviction it is necessary that the sub-standard weights and measures should have been compared at least once within the year according to law. (Sec. 83 of Act.) The ex-officio Inspector is not authorized to enter workhouses, postoffices, or other places, where the weights are not used for any of the purposes contemplated by the 48th Section of the Act, and are therefore not subject to the supervision of the Inspector. The scales and scalebeams of traders should be carefully examined, with the view of ascertaining whether they are true. A ready mode of effecting this is by reversing the scale in which the articles sold and the weights are respectively placed. If the result be the same, the beam may be pronounced true. If the beam be unjust, the party may be proceeded against as above.

By Section 80 of 41 & 42 Vic., c. 16, Inspectors of

Weights and Measures are authorized to enter factories and workshops, and to examine measures, &c., which may be used in calculating wages.

See also Weights and Measures Act, 1889, 52 & 53 Vic., c. 21.

Weighing Cattle in Markets and Fairs.-50 & 51 Vic., c. 27, requires that accommodation for weighing cattle be provided by the market authority at markets and fairs in which tolls are authorized to be taken, and that cattle be weighed at the option of seller or buyer. The word" cattle" includes ram, ewe, wether, lamb, swine.

Whiteboy Acts, 15 & 16 Geo., III., c. 21, Ir. (perp. by 40 Geo. III., c. 96, Ir., s. 4).-S. 2. If any person or persons being armed with fire-arms, firelock, pistol, or any offensive weapon or weapons whatsoever, cr having his, her, or their face or faces, body or bodies, disguised in any manner whatsoever, or wearing any particular badge, dress, or uniform not usually worn by him, her, or them, upon his, her, or their lawful occasions, or assuming any particular name or denomination not usually assumed by His Majesty's subjects upon their lawful occasions, shall rise, assemble, or appear by day or by night, to the terror of His Majesty's subjects, M.-S. 6. Justice of the peace, sheriff, &c., or other peace officer, taking with them the necessary assistance, may apprehend, disperse, resist, and oppose all persons concerned in any of the unlawful acts before mentioned in this Act.-S. 21. By force, violence, or menace, to unlawfully impose or tender any oath or oaths on any book, or in any other manner, any solemn engagement on or to any persons, M.-S. 22. Justices may summon any person or persons whom he shall have cause to suspect to be capable of giving material evidence concerning any offence committed against this Act, and to examine on oath. Person refusing to submit to examination may be committed to goal.-S. 23. By sound of drum, horn, music, fire, shouting or other signal, knowingly to excite, encourage, or promote such unlawful meetings as aforesaid, M.

27 Geo. III., c. 15. Ir., (perp. by 40 Geo. III., c. 96, Ir., s. 5).—S. 1. If any persons to the number of twelve meet in an unlawful and riotous manner, and do not disperse when required in the King's name by any justice, mayor, or sheriff, by proclamation, in the form directed, riotously and tumultuously remain together for one hour after such proclamation, then such continuing to the number of twelve or more shall be adjudged felony.-S. 2. The proclamation to be made to the rioters by the justice,

etc., authorized by Act to make it. (See page 292.)——S. 3. Threatening, opposing, obstructing, or hurting person making proclamation, F.-S. 4. Rioters, twelve or more of them, not dispersing within one hour may be arrested; if any of the rioters be killed in the dispersing, the justice, &c., shall be free and indemnified.--S. 6. Any person not duly qualified by law who shall administer, or cause to be administered, or tender, or cause to be tendered to, or by threats, promises, persuasion or other undue means, cause, induce or procure to be taken by any person or persons, any unlawful oath or solemn engagement, upon a book or otherwise, F.--Taking such oath not being compelled by necessity, F.-S. 8. If any person shall dig, erect, or provide, or cause or procure to be dug, erected, or provided any grave, gallows, or gibbet, or any instrument for inflicting bodily pain or punishment, in order to induce or compel any person or persons to enter into, support, maintain, or assist in any unlawful combination or agreement whatsoever, or in order to deter or prevent any person from giving evidence in any suit or prosecution, civil or criminal, or to prevent the collection of any lawful rates or taxes; or shall make use of any manner of force, or inflict or threaten to inflict any manner of bodily pain or punishment whatsoever, or destroy or threaten to destroy the property of any person in order to induce any person to enter into any unlawful combination, or to prevent the collection of any such rates or taxes or to prevent any person from giving evidence in any prosecution, or on account of any persons having declined to enter into any unlawful combination, or having given evidence in any prosecution, &c., F.--S. 9. If any person shall print, write, post, publish, or knowingly circulate or deliver, etc., any notice, letter, or message exciting or tending to excite any riot, tumultuous meeting, or unlawful combination or confederacy, F.-S. 10. Every person who shall forcibly seize any arms or ammunition belonging to any person; or shall forcibly, or shall by menace, or intimidation exact or levy from any! person any contribution in money or goods; or by insinuation, threats, or violence cause any person unwillingly to deliver up any arms or ammunition, etc.; knowingly and voluntarily to supply horses, arms or ammunition to any person for the purpose of assisting any person in the execution of any of the offences in this Act mentioned, F.-S. 12. Prosecution to be commenced within one year after offence committed. [See also 50 Geo. III., c. 102.]

1 & 2 Wm. IV., c. 44, s. 2.-By force, threats, or menaces to attempt to compel any person to quit his dwelling-house, habitation, farm, possession, place of abode, service, or law

ful employment; or maliciously assault or injure the dwelling house, place of abode, or habitation of any other person; or break into his habitation, barn, or outhouse; or cause any door to be opened by threat and menaces; or maliciously injure the land, goods, or chattels, or property of any other person; or take or carry away any horse, gelding, mare, or mule, or any gun, sword, or other weapon, or any money or goods or chattels whatsoever without the consent of the owner or cause the same to be delivered by threats, &c. ; or maliciously dig up, turn up, &c., demolish or injure the lands, walls, paling, fences, crops, cattle, goods of any other person, M.-S. 3. Knowingly to print, write, post, publish, circulate, send or deliver, or cause or procure to be printed, &c., any notice, letter, or message, exciting, or tending to excite any riot, tumultuous or unlawful meeting, or assembly, or unlawful combination, or threatening any violence, injury, or damage to the person or property of any person; or demanding any money, arms, weapons, ammunition, or other thing, or directing or requiring any person to do or not to do any act, or to quit the service or employment of any person, or to set or to give out any land, M.-S. 4. To break open any gaol, prison, or bridewell, with an intention to rescue and enlarge oneself, or any other prisoner therein confined, M.--S. 5. To rescue any person committed for felony from a constable, M.

Wild Birds Protection Acts, 1880 and 1881.-43 & 44 Vic., c. 35. S. 2. The words "wild birds" shall for all the purposes of this Act be deemed to mean all wild birds. --S. 3. Any person who between the 1st March and 1st August, shall knowingly and wilfully shoot, or attempt to shoot, or shall use any boat for the purpose of shooting or causing to be shot any wild bird, or shall use any line, snare, net, or other instrument for taking any wild bird, or shall have in his control or possession after the 15th March any wild bird recently killed or taken, shall, in case of any wild bird included in the schedule following, forfeit and pay for every such bird not exceeding one pound; and in the case of any other wild bird, shall for a first offence be reprimanded and discharged on payment of costs, and for every subsequent offence forfeit and pay for every such wild bird, a sum not exceeding 5s. This section shall not apply to the owner or occupier of any land, or to any person authorized by the owner or occupier, killing or taking any wild birds on such land not included in the schedule hereto annexed.-S. 4. Any person may require the person offending against this Act to give his Christian name,

surname, and place of abode.-S. 5. Offences in Ireland to be tried by two justices:

SCHEDULE TO ACT.

American quail, auk, avocet, bee-eater, bittern, bouxie, colin, Cornish chough, coulterneb, cuckoo, curlew, diver, dotterel, dunbird, dunlin, eider duck, fern fowl, fulmer, gannet, goatsucker, godwit, goldfinch, grebe, greenshank, guillemot, gull (except black-backed gull), hoopoe, kingfisher, kittiwake, lapwing, loon, mallard, marrot, meerganser, murre, nighthawk, nightjar, nightingale, oriole, owl, oxbird, oyster-catcher, peewit, petrel, phalarope, plover, ploverspage, pochard, puffin, purre, razorbill, redshank, reeve or ruff, roller, sanderling, sandpiper, scout, sealark, seamew, seaparrot, seaswallow, shearwater, sheldrake, shoveller, skua, smew, snipe, solan goose, spoonbill, stint, stone curlew, stonehatch, summer snipe, tarrock, teal. tern, thickknee, tysley, whaup, whimbrel, widgeon, wild duck, willock, woodcock, woodpecker.

[The Wild Birds Protection Act, 1894 (57 and 58 Vic., c. 24) prohibits the taking or destroying wild birds' eggs, and authorizes the application of the Act 1880 to other birds. ]

44 & 45 Vic., c. 51.-S. 1. A person shall not be liable to be convicted under section 3 of Act, 1880, of exposing or offering for sale, or having the control or possession of any wild bird recently killed, if he satisfies the court before whom he is charged, either (1) that the killing of such wild bird, if in a place to which the said Act extends, was lawful at the time when and by the person by whom it was killed; or (2) that the wild bird was killed in some place to which the said Act does not extend, and the fact that the wild bird was imported from some place to which the said Act does not extend shall, until the contrary is proved, be evidence that the bird was killed in some place to which the said Act does not extend.--S. 2. The schedule to Act, 1880, shall be read and construed as if the word "lark" had been inserted therein.

[The Constabulary are not required to enforce these Acts.]

Worship, disturbance of, 23 & 24 Vic., c. 32, s. 2.Any person who shall be guilty of riotous, violent, or indecent behaviour in any church

or

in any chapel of any religious denomination whether during the celebration of divine service, or at any other time, or in any churchyard or burial ground, or who shall molest, let, disturb, vex, or trouble, or by any other unlawful means disquiet or misuse any preacher duly authorised to preach therein, or any clergyman in holy orders