ships had disembarked on the 9th, on the coast of Chagres, on the news of the appearance of the ships Noro, and had on the 10th taken possession of the -He conducted the remainder of the garrison of forts and town of Porto Bello, without any other Panama to a place where he would be able to march impediment than the resistance of nine negroes to the point his assistance might be most necessary, who had opposed their landing, and retreated after hearing that the enemy was at Porto Bello; and hahaving received a discharge of grape-shot from theving completely secured Chagres, should they atartillery. The governor, a pusillanimous man, after tempt any thing on that side, he approached with several conferences with the captain of an English is men, through roads that baffled all description, brig, no doubt left Porto Bello to watch the success and formed a junction with the body of troops postof the expedition, not daring to follow the advice ed near Porto Bello, with as much promptitude as of this captain to hoist English colors, as being the the roads and the transport of ammunition would only way to save the town. After having given up permit. United with this body of troops, and hato this generous protector his family and property,ving procured as much intelligence of the position he abandoned, during night, the town and forts, and strength of the enemy as was possible, he made leaving a numerous artillery in the best order, with his dispositions for the attack. The general comthe powder and ammunition, and retreated with the menced his march on the 29th, during the worst of garrison of about 255 men, and all the inhabitants.weather and a continual rain, which howevr did not towards a body of troops, placed at a small distance from the town, ready to assist him at the first notice of any danger from the enemy. M'Gregor having welt secured this retreat, and the forts were abandoned, entered on the morning the harbor with his ships, landed the troops, and took possession of the place, when his first care was to issue the following proclamation at the head of his army. PROCLAMATION. General M'Gregor to his Army. Soldiers-The army of New Granada has covered itself with glory-Porto Bello the most famous fortress of South America could withstand but a few hours the valor of your arms. hinder him from advancing by day and night. On the 30th, at 6 o'clock, A. M. the enemy was attacked at three different points, by soldiers who were fatigued by a long march, and covered with mud from head to foot: nevertheless the forts were retaken at the point of the bayonet, and by 10 o'clock the Spanish flag was flying every where. The loss in this attack, made without a piece of artillery, on a place studded with cannon, was 60 men killed or wounded on the Spanish side, and the whole of the army of the enemy, viz: 45 officers and 145 privates killed or dangerously wounded; 316 officers and 319 prvates prisoners. By the dispositions of the general and promptitude of the attack, nothing was saved but M'Gregor The light brigade under the orders of the gal himself, who in the first of the action, leaped in his lant colonel Rafle, overcame obstacles and difficul- very shirt through a window 20 feet high, and situties which only men of your enthusiasm could haveated towards the harbor, he swam to a boat, and attempted. rowed himself on board his brig, as did likewise one The advance led by the brave captain Ross, at- of his wounded aids. The want of shipping to optacked the enemy with such intrepidity that they pose the sortie of M'Gregor's people, who were cafled with fear and astonishment to their works. ger to be out of reach of the batteries, made their The navy under Commodore Hudson in covering escape. The brig having about 50 of them on the landing and the diversion they made in attack-board, and the four other vessels together about 30. ing the Spanish forts in the harbor, did every thing Such is the result of this famous expedition, so that their intrepidity gave me a right to expect of|| them. The captains and seamen of the transports are deserving of every praise for the exertions they made in landing the troops. || boasted of in the Jamaica papers, in particular at the intelligence of M'Gregor's entrance into Porto Bello It will be curious to see how these papers will give an account of his defeat. As for the Spanish army, we are indebted for this glorious victory. Soldiers-Our first conquest has been glorious, In publishing these results, is to say more than all and has opened the road to fortune and additional encomiums can do. The Spanish army was compofame-Panama invites our approach, and the Southsed of 440 men, regulars and small detachments of Sea shall soon behold upon her shores the conque rors of the Isthmus." The result of the action which gave rise to this proclamation is well known. No Spaniard has been wounded at the landing, and but two Englishmen have been made prisoners. militia, which on every side were eager to join the main body. The attack was made by 400 men, supported by a column of reserve, who had no part in the action. The prisoners have been conducted here, and cannot but give praise to the clemency and humanity By another proclamation to the inhabitants, he of the officers and soldiers who escorted them.promises security and safety to their persons and The officers have been sent into the interior; and property; it produced the return of a small number. the privates, mechanics and husbandmen, that have During his stay in this place, his promises were held shewn any desire of obtaining occupation, have sacred, no person was sacrificed, and as respects the been confided to citizens, answering for their safeproperty, the army took but what was convenient, ty, and paying them for their work-which may and gave for it acknowledgments stating them pay-procure them a comfortable subsistence, if their able at Panama, the seat of the riches of the Isthmus. On the 15th, the brig, the only man of war in this expedition, presented itself before Chagres, and through the means of the commander of the English brig, sent in a proclamation of a rigorous blockade. SECOND EPOCHA. || conduct renders them worthy of the protection that has been granted to them. Except nine Spanish creoles, two of whom joined them at Porto Bello, the army of M'Cregor was composed of Englishmen and Irishmen, who for the most part had served the last campaigns in Europe. The gallant Captain General commanding at Pa A schooner, from Jamaica, with a reinforcement nama, on the first information recived from Jamaica, of 85 men, besides the crew, and loaded with provicaused a body of troops to march in the neighborsions and ammunition, presented herself, at the enhood of Porto Bello, and reinforced the garrison of trance of the port, a few days after M'Gregor's de [No. 26 feat. She was attacked and boarded by a Spanish | land; brigs Macedonia, Smità; Boxer, Skidschooner, with a crew of natives and about 30 sol- dy; Canton, Coffin, late Timison. diers, and, after a hot engagement with small arms, forced her to surrender. The Spanish loss was three men killed and twelve wounded; that of the enemy, three officers and twenty men. The nephew of M'Gregor was on board, and among the prisoners. PROCLAMATION, By Lord Cochrane, vice admiral of Chili, admiral and commander in chief of the ships and vessels of the state. English vessels-Indian Oak, Guttrick; Inspector; Clotilda; Columbia; Catelina. French vessel-La Gazette, of Port Malo. The port of Payta, in Peru, has been taken by the Patriots. A Patriot frigate, said to be commanded by a Frenchman, with a schr. in company, in the month of May, entered the port of Realaxo, in Nicaragua, and took four vessels, two of which she carried off, and deBeing authorised and commanded by the stroyed the others. Two of the crew who supreme government of Chili, strictly to deserted this frigate at that place, reported blockade the ports, bays, harbors, and the that she had recently captured a Spanish galwhole coast of the kingdom of Peru, I here-leon from San Blas bound to Manilla, having by declare as follows. 1st. That the port of Callao, and all the other ports, bays and harbours, as well as the ine of coast from the port of Guayaquil to Alacama, in Peru, are in a state of formal blockade. 2d. All vessels are strictly prohibited from carrying on any commerce, or holding communication with the said ports and places, within the mentioned line of blockade. 3d. No ships or vessels belonging to friendly or neutral powers, now in the Bay of Callao or in any of the ports or anchorages comprehended within the blockade aforesaid, shall be permitted to sail therefrom after the lapse of eight days from the date hereof, 4th. No neutral flag shall in any case be suffered to cover or neutralise the property of Spaniards or of the inhabitants of the countries subject to the King of Spain. on hoard upwards ef a million of dollars.The same frigate had been into Colema, on the coast of Mexico, and succeeded in making some plunder. Extract of a letter from one of the officers on board the private armed sch'r Liberted, Dr. Ewing, master, to his friend in Savannah, dated Baltimore, June 13th. "During our cruise we captured fire Spanish vessels, of different descriptions-one of which was double our force, and taken in sight of the Castle guns at St. Croix, Teneriffe. mode of attack, convinces me that he merits more "We had a warm action with a Portuguese brig of war of 16 guns; bnt left her, in consequence of a frigate and a sloop of war to leeward, beating up to her assistance. We received no injury, only in our sails. We were afterwards informed, that the 5th. Any neutral vessel navigating under false or double papers, or which shall not Lave the necessary documents to prove the big put into St. Antonio, and landed four of her ownership of the property, shall suffer the wounded, and reported 6 killed and 14 wounded; penalties appliable to the goods and merchan-and they likewise reported that they had cut us dize of enemies. to pieces, and left us in a sinking condition. 6th. Every neutral vessel which shall have changed since we left it. No agents to be found "We have found Baltimore to be very much on board military officers, masters, super-to transact any kind of business for us; and I have cargoes or merchants of the countries subject reason to believe, that the Captain in consequence to the king of Spain, shall be sent to Valpa- of endeavoring to save himself and all concerned, raiso, there to be adjudged according to the has nearly sunk all the profits of his former cruise law of nations. under the Patriot H. g. In one instance of his ge nerosity, I saw him say to the Portuguese Gover 7th. The present notification shall be trans-nor of the Island of it. Vincent, his account of 150 mitted to those whom it may concern. Given on board the Oiggins, bearing the flag of the commander in chief, in the Bay of Callao, this first day of March, 1819. (Signed) By his lordship's command, COCHRANE. ANTO. A. FONTE, Secretary. List of vessels at Callao, ordered off by Lord Cochrane, on 1st March, 1819. dollars for cattle, ho, s, sheep, goats and fruit, after shewing him his commission to cruise against his completly in his po ver, and within half musket government-the Governor on board, and his town shot." From the Jamaica Courant of May 19. rad retired into the Fort at Porto Bello, and We understand, when Colonel Rafter, (who American vessels-Ships Two Catharines, that Sir Gregor M' Gregor had got on board defended it most courageously) understood Hyatt; Flying Fish, Fitch; Beaver, Cleve-the brig Hero, he immediately dispatched a VOL. VII.} soldier who was an expert swimmer, to that vessel, to ascertain his determination on the subject, and to learn what he deemed proper to be done. The soldier returned after a short absence, with directions from him to hold out to the last extremity, and that he would collect ance. ing Director had resigned, and it was supposed would be appointed a Senator under the new Constitution. Extract of a letter, dated Monte Video, 24th April 'Gen. Aquiar, one of Gen. Artigas' princiall he force of the squadron for their assist pal officers, who had been made prisoner by the Portuguese, has made his escape from -Col. Rafter, conceiving that he was Monte Video, collected a number to join him, justified after this answer, to perish in the de-and is committing all kind of depredations in fence of the place, defended himself as long the vicinity of Maldonado and the adjacent as he was able, but to his mortification, he found that shortly after M.Gregor's answer, he had directed the Hero's cables to be cut, and sought his safety in flight, by putting to sea in that vessel. Kingston, May 7.-The schooner Beacon, An was at Margaritta, about 18 days since expedition, under General Bermudas, had sailed for. Guira, but they had encountered a tremendous gale, which dismasted most of the vessels. Brion's flag ship returned into port, having nine feet water in her hold. The American schooner Providence, which we stated on the 5th ult. to have been condemned at Old Providence, for piratical practices, was sent early that month from thence to St. Andreas, with provisions, by Gen. Aury The prize-master, named Garcia, ran away with her to Porto Bello, when he and the crew were immediately confined, and the vessel and cargo confiscated. On the entrance of Gen. M'Gregor's forces into one of the forts, Garcia was found dead, having been shot by the Spaniards, the evening before, on suspicion of being a spy. FROM BUENOS AYRES. NEW YORK, July 1. country. It was expected the new constitution would be promulgated on the 22th May, the anniversary of independence. Artigas and his friends were to share in the government. A truce with the Monteneros was concluded, and all parties were uniting for the purpose of defence against the expected expedition from Spain. A declaration of war against Portugal, it was believed, would immediately be made; and the conquest of Monte Video was expected to be the consequence. Extract of a letter to a gentlemen of this city, dated " By the arrival of the Andromache Br frigate, from Lima (on board of which vessel under Lord Cochrane consisting of the O'Higcame judge Prevost) we learn that the sqadron gins, San Martin, and Lautaro, was to enter Calleo on the 17th inst. in order if possible, to Cut out the Esmeralda, and Vaganza frigates, and Spanish ship San Fernando, on board of We expect in a few days to have news of the result. The Chocabucco corvette sailed from Coquimbo on the 5th inst. to join the squad which were more than half a million of dollars. ron. Sanchez, and the remnant of the Royalist troops, have been driven beyond the river BioBio, and the whole province of Conception is now in possession of the patriots. The very fast sailing sch. Petion, capt. Price has brought advices and papers to the 3d of May. Capt P. has also brought dispatches for Capt. Wooster is now at Santiago. His regoverment. Letters from Santiago, to the 5th signation has not been accepted by the governApril had reached Buenos Ayres. The U.S.ment, who are unwilling to be deprived of his frigate Macedonian, capt. Downs, sailed from Valparaiso on the 3d for Coquimbo. The expedition for Lima was still contemplated, but made slow progress for want of funds-Gen. San Martin was daily expected at the capital of Chili, and it was hoped his presence would add spirits to this enterprise. services. The vessels which proceeded from this port to Calleo, had been allowed to land their cargoes, some of which had been sold at a good advance. The Andromache left there 14th ult. Extract of an other letter, per the Petion. VALPAIRASO, MAY 1. A treaty of armistice, had been concluded on We have the pleasure to say, that judge the 16th April, between the goverment of Bue- Prevost arrived here on the 6th inst. The nos Ayres and the Agent appointed by the British sloop Blossom, that carried him to people of Santa Fee, General Artigas, the Columbia entered that river and found the napreliminaries to be settled on the 10th May vigation attended with very little risk. Judge which it supposed would lead to a general P. visited various parts of the adjacent coast, peace between the provinces lately at vari- and his communications to his government resThe new constitution was printing &pecting that part of the world, will be very in would be published in a few days. The act-teresting. ance. Guiria, Mathurin, and Cumanaco, are in possession of the Independents. DEMARARA, May 5.-H. M. sloop Ontario. [| arrived at Barbadoes a few days since, spok the Lisse, and was informed that the British frigate Andromathe was blockaded in a port of Chili, by Lord Cochran with two 60 gun ships, she having on board six millions of dol-triots. lars, Spanish property. VENEZEULA. An obliging friend has favored us with the fol. lowing extract of a letter from Trinidad, Port of Spain, dated May 2d, 1819. We are never without political news of our unfortunate revolutionary neighbors: And my senti ments are so congenial, with those of that party, who are struggling for independence, freedom and good laws, that I feel a sincere and ardent interest for their success. Inspired with the god-like principles of the immortal father of United America, the pure milk of which was instilled in my mind, by the famed institutions of his happy country, I cannot but sympathise in the noble cause of a people, who have been enslaved for three centuries-a people, who have wallowed in the mire of tyranny and superstition. Their wars When I contemplate the unhappy fate of the unfortunate Independents of the south, it chills the very current of my blood. Their struggles have been long, constant, and almost fatal have been the wars of Cannibals. The character of the chiefs of the royal power, who acted their brutal parts upon the theatre of the south, are of the most gloomy complexion. The misery suffer ed by the poor emigrants in this colony is unimagi nable However things go on most gloriously with the Independents at present. The generous aid of the English, has given this party a national character. This campaign I think will determine the fate of the royalists. Defeat and disgrace begin already to attend their impious arms. Margaritta is still faithful, free and independent. An expedition is planing against Cumana. The tall of Cumana will put Barcelona and the whole sea coast, as far as Laguira, in possession of the PaTheir success is certain. The Royal cause cannot be sustained but a few months longer. From the isoston Patriot. INTERNAL STATE OF GERMANY. The following extract from Bell's London Messenger, of April 18, received at the office of the Boston Patriot, exhibits in strong colors the difference between a Republican and an Aristocratic form of government It appears that a great portion of the German nobility are not only illiterate and overhearing, but so poor withal, that they live almost entirely upon the exertions and industry of the useful and honest part of the community, whom at the same time they affect to despise ! A German merchant, rich, well educated, and genteelly bred, must leave the room or stand up, when an ignorant and clownish count or baron, (who at the same time is a lazy public pauper, sup. ported by the industry of this very merchant) gets up to dance, or sits down to play cards. "It is among these people and their governments, [says the British editor] that we hope the example of the effect; and that the common sense of mankind will American government will in time spread with due arise against the oppression of whole communities, to support those privileged classes, who at once devour and despise them" The above elegant compliment to this country is just, correct, and well merited. When it is understood that Kotzebue was a supporter of this execrable aristocratic system, his assassination becomes less a matter of surprise, although the whole procedure was totally unjustifiable, and the assassin deserves to suffer death for his sanguinary crime. For the sake of humanity we wish a change in the governments of Europe, but we wish it to be the result of reason and reflection, both on the part of the people and the privileged classes, uncontaminated by crime or outrage. 1 had the pleasure of being introduced to Mr. B. Irvine, the American Agent to Augustura, who, on his way home passed some time with us, and obtained a considerable fund of knowledge, with res pect to the history of this Island. He was very well received, and much attention paid him, not by government, (for you must know our government From Bell's London Messenger of April 18. detest the Yankees, as they style all the people of the United States,) but by the liberal men, who are The foreign intelligence of the week is of less not engaged in government affairs on account of importance than might be expected from the genetheir distinguished liberality. He will undoubtedly ral state of the continent. The example of the transmit to the President a very favorable account English and French governments has excited a very of the newly established government of Venezuela.general spirit of reforming their ancient institutions Ile resided there about eight months, and is a great observer of men and things. There has been several skirmishes between the vanguards of the two armies, who are at passent near San Fernando, on the Apure. The Apure is a branch of Oronoco. The armies are reported to be equal in number, about 6000 strong. The Independents have about 2500 English and German troops with them, under very able officers. They are all well cloathed and in high spirits. The greatest discipline and order reign among the troops. General Paez's cavalry is 2500 strong, and extremely well disciplined. He is a fine officer and may be well styled the Leon of the Patriots. We daily expect to receive information from that quarter. The Congress is at present in session in Augustura. The Government is well established and some very able men are at the head of Departments. throughout the continent; but the people appear to be more sincere and ardent than their rulers. The generality of the German princes are not men of even decent information; they enter the army at a period of life which precludes all possibility of a liberal education; and their degree of knowledge very seldom exceeds, and does not always equal, what might be expected from an English military or naval officer, who has entered the army or navy as an ensign or midshipman at twelve or fourteen years of age.-But such men as these are very ill calculated to give liberty to their subjects, or to sacrifice any thing of that personal power and ancient discipline which characterizes the German governments, Accordingly, these princes do not correspond with the public opinion in the necestity of reform. So far as respects our own constitution we have often had occasion to express our opinions; but so far as respects these German governments. || be tried by a special commission, and the benefit of and the continental governments in general, we example not be lost. should wish almost any change [short of a revolution terminating in a military despotism] for the better. From the Montreal Herald of June 19th. -Their governments, even including Hanover It is seldom we find the outcries of the which is about to be reformed; are a perfect sys tem of ancient rubbish, hostile to every principle opposition so justifiable as they are touching of wise and liberal legislation, and impeding the the subject of our ceding the Newfoundland progress of civilization and equal intercourse be fisheries. On this point we have already tween the members of the community. The rich-stated, that we certainly consider it more as est and educated merchants, even those whose wealth and liberal course of life and learning have a measure of necessity than of choice; and given them manners suited to every society, are not although their being excluded from the West admitted to the courts of their princes, and must India market might lessen any injury that stand up, or leave a public room, when a count or could accrue to Britain, from such a cession; baron, a chamberlain or lady of honor, shall choose the subjoined statement will show that it was to call a dance, or make a card table for their pria trade, we ought not to have relinquished, vileged class. Nothing, indeed, can equal the pride and meanness of some of these courts aud their household. or allowed 83,421 any other power to share with us. The following is extracted from a letter on The ladies of honor and lord high chamberlains, the Newfoundland trade, which appeared in have from thirty to an hundred pounds a year for the Greenock Advertiser and Herald of their salaries, with wax lights for their private March 26th, and may be relied upon as corapartments, which they frequently burn in bottles for candle-sticks, in garrets and third floors But rect, being taken from the Custom House they submit to this, and to still more extreme pov-Book of St. Johns N. B. erty, in preference to entering into professions or trades, which might render their lives happy to themselves, or less burdensome to society. For as all the sons of princes are princes, and so on to thirty generations, and of counts, barons, &c. the country has nearly as many princes as we have ostlers-and as, from intermarriages, the minor prin ces are almost all related to the superior princes, the whole body (however numerous) must be maintained by the court of the country, and accordingly they have all salaries, or at least a seat at a dinner table, from 301 to 100. and upwards. Who will maintain that small principalities, thus burdened (for the community pays for all,) have not both good cause and good right to demand reform? And who can wish that such governments can continue? It is amongst these people and their governments, that we hope the example of the American govern. ment will, in time, spread with due effect--and that the common sense of mankind will arise against the oppression of whole communities, to support those privileged classes, who at once devour and despise them. The recent affair of the assassination of Kotzebue appears to have produced a very strong and general sensation, and it is expected that some general and violent law will be passed upon the occasion against the German universities. We should hope that this will not occur as one act of murder ought not to be carried to the discredit of the whole body.Many of these German universities are indeed little more than riotous free schools, in which there is an odd mixture of politics, literature, and military exercises, but totally without any thing which deserves the name of learning, though some of our Reviewers, apparently forming their judgments by the titles of the books which have proceeded from them, have given them this credit. We do not feel, therefore, any particular respect for these universities, as such-but we do not approve of laws passed upon the spur of the occasion, and where the ne cessity of the occasion does not demand it-such Jaws are always in extreme. They retaliate one excess by another, and take rather vengeance than punishment. The act, however, ought not to be passed over. The body of the murderer if dead, should be exposed on a gibbet-if living, he should" Imports into the Island of Newfoundland, between Tea, 100,247 lbs. 2,312 1 85,854 10 35.904 221,227 4 11 25,480 47,316 4 132,310 10 Total Imports, Cod Fish, 912,525 qtls. Total Exports, 16,290 2 9 L1,101,142 1 8 L1,368,787 10 6 143,174 53,136 17,399 7 6 27,400 Z1,609,895 17 6 But in addition, let us consider what other advantages than simply the above, arose to the nation from this trade. From the same source we have information of no less than 665 vessels, amounting to 90,533 tons, navigated by 5,431 seamen, be engaged in its foreign trade: 18,333 fishermen were actually employed in catching the fish, and a considerably greater number were occupied on shore in curing it. By this statement it appears, a balance of half a million sterling remaining in the hands of the Newfoundland adventurers, who as after paying the mother country upwards of before mentioned, were then wholly British, 20,000 for the produce of the Colonies. This places the fishery in no very despicable point |