thought the course he was pursuing rendered Spanish Independents, under the law of retaliahim liable to a suspicion of the kind. tion. Mr. Clay cites William Pitt, who is supposed to have excited most of the wars against the revolu tionary government of France, as a parallel to Arbuthnot and Armbrister. But this is grossly er on an equal footing in other respects. Great Britain, with a regular government, was at war with France, when Pitt stirred up the nations against the latter: Great Britain was at peace with the United States when Arbuthnot and Armbrister stirred up the Indians to war against the Americans. Napoleon is also cited as a parallel; as if Napoleon had been the subject of a neutral pow. er, exciting a third party to war against England! The execution of the duke d'Enghein, is like Mr. Clay asserts that Arbuthnot and Armbrister were not to be regarded as outlaws and pirates, and attempts to draw a parallel between them, as serving in the Indian armies, and the foreigners serving in the armies of the United States. I ad-roneous, even supposing the persons to have been mit this parallel, and insist that, by the law of nations, the citizens or subjects of a neutral power, serving in the armies of one belligerent against another, may be treated as outlaws and pirates. If I am asked, what is the remedy in this case? I answer, retaliation: Retaliation by the belligerent in whose armies the individuals have served. This principle was recognised by general Washington, during the war of the revolution. The British army, under vague pretexts, executed captain Huddy. General Washington seized captain || wise referred to by Mr. Clay, as an “analogous Asgill, and would have caused him to have been put to death but for the intercession of the queen of France. During our war with G. Britain of 1812, the British commander laid hands upon certain of her native born subjects found fighting in our ranks, and sent them to England for trial and execution, under a charge of treason. What step did our government take? It was the step of retaliation. At this moment certain citizens of the United States-a Mr. Conkling, and othersare in the prison of Malaga, and are about to be tried as outlaws and pirates, by the Spanish royal authorities, for having been found fighting on the side of the Spanish Independents, the United States being at peace with Spain. Can the United States protect them under the law of nations? I think not. They must be protected by the I must be allowed here to repeat à brief quotation from Vattel. It is so much in point, that the opponents of General Jackson shun it. I should be glad to see Mr. Clay meet this proposition. Vattel says, (b. 4, ch. 4, § 52,) that He who is injured by foreign subjects does himself justice by his " own power, when he meets with the oTenders in his territo instance." But this parallel is equally divergent. D'Enghein plotted against France-his native country; and he was tried and shot for treason. Will it be pretended that Arbuthnot and Armbrister were in a similar predicament? This speech of Mr. Clay's may be his best: but if it is, "bad is the best." Another of Mr. Clay's parallels, (and still möte ridiculous!) is the seizure of the Danish feet at Copenhagen by Great Britain. He thinks this is a fit comparison for the seizure of St. Mark's and Pensacola. And where is the similitude? General Jackson seized the Spanish posts in fresh pursuit of the enemy. The British attacked Copenhagen in pursuit of no enemy, and without warning. They demanded the fleet, as the fixet of Denmark; General Jackson demanded the Spanish posts, not as Spanish posts, but as the asylums of hostile Indians. “intelligent ENGLISHMAN on this subject!” Mr. Clay alludes to the treaty of fort Jackson as the cause of the Seminole war. But what These parallels of Mr. Clay's are not so much to be wondered at, when we read in his speech, ries, or in a free place. And, to avoid all misunderstanding,that "it was his lot to fall into conversation with an "it is agreed that every private person committing hostilities, without a commission from their sovereign, should meet with the same treatment." Mr. Lowndes appears to condemn the execution of Arbuthnot, on the ground that he did hot actually bear arms. Can hostilities, then, only be committed by firing off a musket or a rifle, or by leading into battle? Is the stirring up to war, and the furnishing military sup-bearing has that upon the question? That treaty plies, to Irostility? It is astonishing how strait-faced several of var current politicians are. Some of the advocates of the report of the military committee against general Jackson have evidently presented their arguments in corsets. And hence it may be inferred, that there are Dandies in polities as well as in dress. was approved and ratified by the competent au thority by the President and Senate. This is running altogether out of the track of the argument. Equally irrelevant is the reference to the treaty of Ghent. The treaty of fort Jackson, it seems, was concluded "on the very day, after the protocol was signed, of the first conference be"tween the American and British commissioners, treating of peace at Ghent." And what is the guilty, that by this rigor they may be brought to conformi "to the laws of humanity." Variel, D. 3, ca. 8, 141. Mr. Clay has given, in his speech, a lamentation of Jeremiah apon the death of Hillis Hadjo, or the prophet Francis. But in this instance, as in others, the honorable Speaker has defeated his own purpose. He admits that the putting of such a savage to death is allowable in a case of extreme necessity, when good may result from it. That good did accrue from the death of Francis, is obvious; for the Indians very rapidly dispersed after that event. The reason of this is plain enough: The confidence of the savages in the impostor, led them to believe that a prophet would not die by hanging. When they found that he did die, the charm of his permicious influence was broken. The Seminoles no doubt thought, like the girl" that served up the poisoned mutton to Mahomet, that if Franeis was a true prophet, the rope would have no effect on him; and that, if it had any effect, he could be no true prophet. But, -hear what Vattel says on this head: "When the war is with a savage nation, which observes no rules, and never gives quarter, [which is the case with the Indians] it may be chas„tised in the përsons of any seized or uken, they are among In point of relevancy, ther is nothing whien just how strikes me as worthy of comparison with Mr. Clay's allusion to the conference at Ghent, except the well known and interesting conversation of the fine ladies in Goldsmith's Vicar of Wakefield."-it follows: All that I know of the chatter," cried Miss Skeggs, "is this, there remarkable in this? Would Mr. Clay infer that general Jackson ought to have known, at the time, what was doing at Ghent? I presume not. It is likely that a great many other things were going on in different parts of the world in the same hour, which Mr. Clay might have adverted to with equal propriety. FOREIGN AFFAIRS. FRANCE. Aix-la-Chapelle, Nov. 9.-Several couriers have arrived from Paris within these six days, bringing accounts of the extraordinary depreciation of the consolidated five per cents. and of the general causes to which the fall is attributed. This subject was immediately taken into consideration by the ministers of the allied courts; and the following documents will explain to you the result of their deliberations-a result which will probably restore the French funds to their former level. Protocol of November 3.. The Duke of Richelieu represented at the conference that the terms for the payment of the 165 millions to be furnished by France, according to fixed at very near periods, a too rapid exportatithe convention of the 9th of October, having been Again. Mr. Clay recurs to generals Philip and Alexander, of Macedon, and general Cæsar, of Rome. But these generals fought against the rights of their respective countries; whereas general Jackson has fought for the rights of his country. The cases are directly opposite: On that very account, perhaps, the better parrallel for Mr. Clay! Besides, accurately speaking, ge-on of specie has been occasioned, which tends to nerals Philip and Alexander were not Greeks: but Macedonians-foreigners, who invaded and subdued Greece. A beautiful parallel, to be sure! Once more. Commodore Perry, contrary to the rules of service, struck an American officer. General Jackson did not strike an American officer, but executed two British outlaws. The cases are altogether dissimilar. General Jackson, therefore, according to Mr. Clay, ought to follow the example of the commodore, and fight a duel! produce a depreciation in the value of the inscriptions, equally injurious to the interests of all the contracting parties. To remedy the evil the Duke of Richelieu proposes― 1. That the 165 millions which France was to discharge by monthly instalments, from the 6th of in twelve months, by monthly payments from the January to the 6th of September, be discharged 6th of January to the 6th of December, inclusive; the interest for the delay of three months being made good at the rate of 5 per cent. 2. That the 100 millions in inscriptions, for which the different Governments have treated with M. M. Baring and Hope, shall be realized by payments made at the same epoch, with the same bonds of interest in proportion to the delay of three months. 3. That arrangements shall be adopted with the abovementioned houses, in order that the may be paid in assets at the different places which bills drawn upon them, conformably to Article 6, may suit the convenience of the Governments interested, by avoiding the removal of too great a mass of specie. In his speech, Mr. Clay dwells much upon the danger of bad precedents, and compares them to bad habits. In this he is as unfortunate as he is in his parallels. There are precedents in courts of justice, but none in the proceedings of a nation, except precedents of right. By a people like the Americans, every act of their officers is judged of upon its own merits. The tongue and the press, in the United States, are free. General Jackson's conduct has been investigated — Those who approve it, do not approve it because general Jackson is a great military chief, but be. cause they think he has acted according to law and in defence of his country. Let him take only one step indicative of hostility to our free institutions-let him only squint that way-and he will be instantly abandoned by every intelligent individual in the United States. It is not the man, but the virtue of his actions, that I sustain.ed Let him make but one stride towards subverting public liberty, and I will as boldly give my suffrage for hanging him, as I have given it for hanging the prophet Francis and for: the execution of Arbuthnot and Armbrister. that it may be true, or it may not be true: but this I can assure your ladyship, that the whole route was in amaze; his lordship turned all manner of colors, my lady fell into a Swoon; but sir Tomkyr, drawing his sword, swore he was hers to the last drop of his blood." "Well," replied our peeress, "this I can say, that the duchess never told me a syllable of the matter, and I believe her Grace would keep nothing a secret from me. This you may depend upon as fact, that the next morning my lord duke cried out three times to his valet de chambre, Jernigan, Jermigan, Jermigan, bring me my garters." M. M. the Ministers Plenipotentiary of Austria, Great Britain, Prussia, and Russia, were unanimously of opinion to admit the proposition of the Duke of Richelieu, saving the entering, with respect to article 8, into particular arrangements with Messrs. Baring and Hope, to fix the terms at which the effects in foreign funds should be accepted; and also that, in order to falicitate these arrangements, Mr. Baring should be requested to purpose, in concert with the persons charged with come to Aix la Chapelle to take measures for that this business. Prince Hardenberg besides, presentto the protocol the subjoined observations in reserve, relative to the arrangement which the Prusthe part of the payments stipulated by the convengovernment entered into with Mr. Baring for tion of October 9, which accrue to the said government. sian (Signed) METTERNICH, CASTLEREAGH, HARDENBERG, WELLINGTON, CAPO D'ISTRIA. If the Prussian government consent to the modifications proposed in the pecuniary stipulations of the convention of the 9th of October, it is under the threefold supposition 1. That the particular arrangement of the Prussian government with Messrs. Hope & Co. and Baring, Brothers, & Co remain untouched, with the exception of such modifications as the said govern- 3. That the guarantee stipulated for the payment agreed upon, shall be extended to the more remote periods now claimed. Aix-la-Chapelle, November 5. 87 the 11th Nov. Capt. D. was awoke by the report of a pistol, and informed that John I. Bigelow, master's mate, had fallen in a duel with Mr. Farnarden, midshipman, which had been privately concerted. The deceased received a slug over his ight eye, which terminated his life in 64 hours. A jury of inquest was held on the body, who brought in a verdict of manslaughter. On the 16th inst. his remains were interred, in the Church of St. Michaels. MISCELLANY. To the Editor of the National Advocate. Hyde Park, (L. I.) Jan. 25, 1819. Sir, The state of England is, at this time, a matter of great interest to all commercial people, and especially such as have debts or credits in England. The facts are these-on the 6th and 7th of December, the juries at the Old Baily sessions, in spite of the decided remonstrances of the judges, refused, in four succeeding instances, to convict for altering forged Bank of England notes. The bank, upon this, withdrew the other indictments. And thus is that famous outlet of papermoney without any protection against forgery. The French government having, for the rea. sons stated in the proctocol of November 3, desired that the payments stipulated in the convention of October 9, be, as well for the 165 millions as for 100 millions to be discharged in inscriptions of rents, regulated by 12 instalments, the last being on the 6th of December, 1819, instead of nine, the last of which was to have been the 6th of September; under the condition, nevertheless, of making good this delay of three months by the payment of interest at the rate of 5 per cent; the four courts have unanimously admitted these propositions, in order to avoid a depreciation in The parties arraigned and so acquitted had sold the value of the inscriptions of rents, which would be equally injurious to all the contracting large quantities of notes at a low rate; and the parties. We therefore lose no time in transmitting country began to be stocked with this sort of pathis resolution, as consigned in the annexed pro- per money. The Courier of the 8th December, tocol, to you, to take its contents as your informa-exclaims, "thus is the great corporation out of tion and direction. We have received, in reply to our despatch of the 15th October, the note which you have done us the honor to address to us, under the date of the 8th of October. The proctocol of distribution, signed at Paris, on the 20th of October, 1815, having, in article 15, determined that the recovery of the sums to be paid by France, as well as their final repartition, should be accomplished through your interven tion, we cannot do otherwise than assign to you the task of regulating with equity the mode of the repartition of the payments, in respect to the general interest. With respect to the note which the Sieur Dumond requested you would reproduce to us, we have to inform you that the British government will transmit its directions to him. (Signed) METTERNICH, BERNSTORFF, SOUTH AMERICA. the protection of the law," which is very true. My letters to the 11th of December, anticipate a speedy blowing up of the whole thing; and, indeed, it is difficult to see how that is to be avoided: At any rate, here are interesting facts for all those who have pecuniary concerns with England. I, for my part, would not give a York sixpence for a ten pound Bank of England note. I am, sir, your most obedient, And most humble servant, WILLIAM COBBETT. To the Editor of the Morning Post. Sir,-Unwilling as I always have been to intrude myself on the public, I cannot avoid noticing with feelings of regret, the misrepresentations which I have observed in the newspapers since my return from America, upon the state of music in that country, and I avail myself of the first moment of my return to the metropolis to correct this error. I am proud at the same time publicly to express my very high sense of the liberal and en By the brig Emeline, Gibson, (arrived at New York) we learn, that on the 9th of Nov. a mail from Valparaiso arrived at Buenos Ayres, bring.lightened hospitality with which I have been ing advices of the 1st division of the national Chile fleet, consisting of the San Martin, of 64 guns, capt. Wilkinson-Lautaro, of 54 guns, capt. Wooster-corvette Chacabuco, of 20 guns, and brig Puerreydon, of 16 guns, bound on a cruise off Cape Horn, as was supposed, for the purpose of intercepting a fleet of transports expected from Spain, and from thence to proceed to the westward, for the purpose of falling in with some of the Spanish ships of war. The night before the Emeline sailed, the Director announced at the Theatre that Talcahuana had surrendered to the Patriots of the West. treated every where in the United States. With regard to musical science in America, I must say that I was agreeably surprised at finding it, in every province, in such high cultivation. At St. Paul's Church, N. Y. I sung in an Oratorio which was, throughout, performed in a style which would have done credit to London. If any additional proof were wanting of their real fondness for music, it is to be found in the facility I every where experienced during my tour, where I was offered the use of halls for my performances free of expense. I could enumerate more instances of generosity than your leisure would permit you to The new corvette ships Horatio, capt. Skinner, read, besides which it might be thought irrele and Curiaso, capt. Delano, had arrived in 62 daysvant to the subject. I must therefore sum up the from this port. An unfortunate occurrence took expression of my feelings in this declaration, that place on board the latter vessel on the night of "I have never yet been more agreeably surprised than by my rapid glance at America; and I shall C. B. INCLEDON. No. 6 the extreme caution which they used in secreting their money wherever they stopped, and also sending it on, when they moved, by some one of their band, apart from the main company, it was considered imprudent to interfere with them, until they should think themselves in a place of security. It was understood that they were to pass the night at M'Intire's, about 14 miles from Lancaster, on the Chilicothe road, where they were met by some of their associates. They were permit Manufactures, Commerce, and Navigation. ted to pass out of town quietly. About sun set, a TRADE TO MARANHAM. Copy of a letter to the collector of New York. party (13 in number) being previously prepared, went in pursuit of them-end, about 9 o'clock at escape and all communication between the senight, took possession of the house was placed at the doors and windows, to prevent A guard that none might enter, while five of the party rushed up stairs, to a small room, where it was veral parts of the house. The bar was guarded, sub-suspected the business of the bank was to be Sir,-I take the liberty to address you these Lines, and hope you will have the goodness to give to the same as much publicity as possible, for the information of American citizens who may henceforward send their vessels to this port. Vessels without a regular bill of health are ject, in this port, to a quarantine of eight days, to be prolonged at the pleasure of the health head officer, who is extremely severe in such cases. During the quarantine, said officer visits the vessels as many times as he thinks proper, and for each visit he charges $10 25 cents, as also, $120 cents per diem for two health clerks on board There are several other private charges, which generally attend the quarantine. Masters of vessels are hereby requested to provide themselves with a regular bill of health from the respective authorities in the United States. American vessels have generally been admitted into this port under franquia, but the collector (Administrador d'Alfandega) has lately changed his conduct, and is determined not to allow any more franquias; and has gone so far as to say, that American clearances are produced by the officers of the custom houses without mentioning the packages, marks, and numbers, of the cargoes, on purpose to enable the masters of vessels or their Consignees to smuggle. Franquia entry is, of course, denied to all vessels except those in distress, if they prove, with authentic documents, such as custom house clearances, charter parties, bills of lading, &c. that they were bound to another port. transacted. surrendered without resistance the fourth fought ing received some bruises in his face and an accidental wound, from a dirk, in his side. They most manfully, but was overpowered after havsome guarded the prisoners-others were engagwere bound and searched; a small quantity of counterfeit money was found in their pockets; ed in searching the room. There were four in the room-three of them When the eyes of the guard were, for a moment, turned from the prisoner who had fought with his hand and shoulder, threw himself out, and made his escape. He was instantly pursued; so valiantly, he moved to the window, raised it but the night was dark, and the woods so thick and bushy, as to enable him to elude those who were after him On searching the room, two bundles of spuriExporting Co. 50's and 20's-$1,660 Farmers' Bank of Bucks county, 10's-8920 Bank of Coous bills were found, containing 250 Miami lumbia, 5's-$145 Marine Bank of Baltimore, 5's. terfeit bills found in the bar, in a pocket book Masters of vessels will save charges, inconveniences, and trouble, by having a great many the marks, packages, and numbers, inserted in the custom house clearances, as also mentioning and M'Intire, the landlord, are now in jail-Hamin the same the ports of destination, and theilton, another of the band, was discharged for One of the intinerants, by the name of Seely, packages, &c. which are destined to each port; That is, when a vessel is bound to more than one port, otherwise they are subject to be compelled either to leave the port within three days, or to and the whole of their cargoes, and to pay the duties. I have the honor to be, very respectfully, sir, your most obedient servant, JOZE DOS SANTOS MONTEIRO, CRIMES AND PUNISHMENTS. A GANG OF COUNTERFEITENS CAUGHT. From the Lancaster (Ohio) Eagle. plexion, grey eyes, and about 30 years of ageThe one who escaped is a tall man, sandy comof a dirk in his side, and was probably injured by one of his eyes is much bruised-he has a wound ed that he still lurks in the neighborhood, and his fall from the chamber window. It is suppos may yet be taken and brought to justice. want of legal evidence against him. - From the New York Commercial Advertiser, of 1st ROBBERY OF THE MAIL. One Thousand Dollars Reward. On Friday last, information was received, by Briagetown and Elizabethtown, the United States' This morning, about three o'clock, between some of the citizens of Lancaster, that a party of Mail Coach was stopped by three armed men, Counterfeiters was in town, having in their pos-masked, who, after cutting the traces, opened the session a large amount of spurious paper. Ar coach door and robbed the passengers of their rangements were made to airest them: but from "i watches, money, &c. They cut open the math, and after taking from it such packages as they thought proper, and putting them in a pair of saddle bags, made off. One of the robbers spoke broken English, but whether affected or not, could not be ascertained. It is impossible, at this time, to ascertain what part of the mail has been taken. All reasonable charges, with the above reward, will be paid for the detection of these villains. THEODORUS BAILEY, Post Master. Post Office, New York, Feb. 1, 1819. Robbery of the Mail-In addition to the above official notice, we have collected the following particulars of this atrocious villainy. At the time and place mentioned above, one of the men ran before the leading horses, and told Wm. Smith, the driver, to stop The other two immediately presented themselves, armed with pistols, and took the driver from his seat. They then cut the traces, and one of the reins, and went to the coach doors; one presented a pistol, the other a large knife, or dirk, and demanded whatever money the passengers had. There were five gentlemen and a lady, passengers. From one they obtained a pocket book, containing only a small sum; from another a gold watch; and from a third, Mr. Cowan of this city, a small sum in change. They attempted to force this gentleman out of the coach, but he remonstrating with them, they left the passengers and proceeded in search of the mail, which was forward. They cut a hole of about twenty inches in the portmanteau, through which they drew as many packages of letters as filled a pair of saddle bags and a pocket handkerchief. They then made off, having detained the stage about twenty minutes. We have ascertained that the following packages were missing. FOR THE CITY OF NEW YORK. From Philadelphia, one hundred single letters, eight double, two treble, one marked 62 cents, and one marked 75. From Baltimore, one bundle in which was enclosed the bill, and of course the number of letters is not yet ascertained. From New Orleans, sixty one single letters. For New York State, four bundles are receiv. ed, and it is supposed that six or eight have been taken by the robbers. For Connecticut State, one bundle only received, The number missing not known. From Washington for Boston, about one half missing. The package marked No. 2. enclosing the bill, was received. For New Hampshire State, several packages missing. From Washington for District of Maine, one package missing. Account of maiis missing, and received at New York, 1st February, 1819. From Washington to New York State, received bundles Nos. 1, 3, 4, and 5; bill missing, and the number of the bundles not known. From do. to New Hampshire State, Nos. 1 and 3, with bill, missing; No. 2 received. From do. to Vermont State, No. 1 missing; and No. 2 bill received. From do. to Boston, No. 2 bill received; and No. 1 missing. From do. to Connecticut State, No. 1 received; rest, with bill, missing From do. to Maine District, No. 1 received; rest, with bill, missing. From do. to Massachusetts State, No. 1 received; rest, with bill, missing. From Philadelphia to New York, No. 3 bill received; rest, with bill, missing. From Baltimore to do. No. 1 received; rest, with bill, missing. From New Orleans to do. Nos. 2 and 3, with bill, received; No 1, containing 61 letters, missing. From Savannah to do. a mail due, but none received. From Augusta to do. mail received entire. From Richmond to do. do. LITERATURE AND THE ARTS. From the New York Republican Chronicle, of the Mr. Vanderlyne is now exhibiting a new picture in the Rotunda. It represents a part of the battle between the French and Allied troops fought in the suburbs of the city of Paris, in March, 1814. This interesting battle decided the fate of the French revolution, and banished Bonaparte, the greatest Captain in the world, to the island of Elba, as the battle of Waterloo sent him to St. Helena. The painting is well executed, and some of the incidents of the battle have such interest as to excite the deepest sympathies of the spectator. The charges of the National Guards, and the Allied troops in the pass of St. Chaumont, has all the For Massachusetts State, only one package re-bloody cruelty of battle displayed in the fullest ceived, and that without the bill. In addition to the above, many entire mails may have been taken, which cannot be ascertained in this city. We understand that Mr. Cowan had time to secure his watch and money. Another of the passengers tore a hole in the lining of the stage, and secreted a large amount of bills. A gentleman from Newark informs us, that a large party started from that place early this morning, in pursuit of the villains. Since the above was in type, we have been obligingly favored with the following official statement: light. The representation of the Cossack cavalry charging the French on the opposite height; and particularly the tumbling of the Cossack horses, with their riders, from the sides of the precipices, is painted with such strength as almost to extort from you a shriek of horror. |