American Diplomatic History, 1825-1904 (1904). Especially useful is Senate Executive Documents, 47 Cong., I Sess., VI., 194.

FINANCE AND FISCAL ORGANIZATION

Of special value for the study of this topic are Frank William Taussig, Tariff History of the United States (1888; rev. ed., 1898); Davis Rich Dewey, Financial History of the United States (American Citizen series, 1903), chaps. x., xi.; David Kinley, History, Organization, and Influence of the Independent Treasury of the United States (1893), chaps. ii., iii.; Albert Sidney Bolles, The Financial History of the United States (second ed., 1884-1886, 3 vols.), II., bk. iii., chaps. v., vi., xv.; Charles Franklin Dunbar, Laws of the United States Relating to Currency, Finance, and Banking from 1789 to 1891 (1891, rev. ed., 1897), 123– 148, 272-293; and Reports of the Secretary of the Treasury of the United States, 1789-1849 (6 vols., 1837-1851), IV., V., VI.

THE SLAVERY ISSUE, AND THE COMPROMISE OF 1850

Treatments of this topic by honest and competent writers of keen insight but widely varying points of view are Horace Greeley, The American Conflict: Its Causes, Incidents, and Results (2 vols., 1864-1866), I., chap. xv.; Alexander H. Stephens, A Constitutional View of the Late War between the States (2 vols., 1868-1870), colloquy xvi.; Jefferson Davis, Rise and Fall of the Confederate Government (2 vols., 1881), I., chaps. ii., iii.; James Gillespie Blaine, Twenty Years of Congress (2 vols., 18841886), I., chaps. iv., v. The opposition in New England to slavery, and to the Mexican War because of its supposed connection therewith, found powerful expression in James Russell Lowell, The Biglow Papers [First Series] (1848), which is of great value to the student who understands thoroughly what the work is and why it was

written; but the reader should guard against confusing its satirical allegations and insinuations with historical fact. Albert Bushnell Hart, Slavery and Abolition (American Nation, XVI.), describes the institution of slavery and the methods of the abolitionists in the period of this volume. An excellent account of the compromise is James Ford Rhodes, History of the United States from the Compromise of 1850 (7 vols., 1893-1906).

A great mass of information relative to conditions in California and New Mexico subsequent to their conquest, the provisional governments established there, and the movement to organize state governments, together with resolutions of state legislatures, etc., may be found in House Executive Documents, 30 Cong., 1 Sess., VIII., 70, and 30 Cong., 2 Sess., I., 1; Senate Executive Documents, 31 Cong., I Sess., IX., 18, XIII., 55, 56, 60, and XIV., 67, 74, 76; Senate Miscellaneous Documents, 30 Cong., 1 Sess.; Senate Reports, 31 Cong., 1 Sess., I., 123; House Executive Documents, 31 Cong., 1 Sess., III., pt. i., 5, V., 17, VII., 39.

INDEX

ABERDEEN, EARL OF, and Texas, | Area, national (1840), 8; un-

117, 154.

settled, 22.

Arredondo, Joaquin de, map,

104.

Abolitionists, political conven- Aroostook War, 80.
tion (1840), 47. See also Lib-
erty party.
Adams, C. F., nominated for
vice-president, 282.
Adams, J. Q., charges Tyler
with bad faith, 63; desire for
Texas, 86, 106; slavery ques-
tion produces opposition to
annexation, 90; prevents
vote on annexation, 95; pro-
test against annexation, 141;
change of attitude consider-
ed, 147-149; on Tyler's tariff
veto, 183.

Ashburton, Lord. See Ashbur-
ton treaty.

Ashburton treaty, prelimina-
ries, 80; obstacles to negotia-
tion, 81; conduct of negotia-
tors, 82; boundary provisions,
82-84.

Alamán, Lucas, and coloniza-

tion of Texas, 27.
Allen, William, and annexation

of Texas, 146; and pre-annex-
ation appropriation, 257,258.
Almonte, J. N., and annexation
of Texas, 199; demands his
passports, 200.
Ampudia, Pedro de, and Tay-
lor's advance, 204.
Andrews, S. P., and Great
Britain and slavery in Texas,
III-113.
Annexation. See Territory.
Anti-Rent agitation, 7.
Arbitration, of northeastern
boundary, 79; of Mexican
claims, 193.

Archer, W. S., and pre-annexa-
tion appropriation, 258.

Ashley, W. H., and Oregon,
163.

Astor, J. J., Pacific Fur Com-
pany, 36.

Astoria, settlement and history,
36.

Austin, Moses, Texas colony,

25; motives and slavery, 31.
Austin, S. F., Texas colony, 25;
instructions on annexation,

92.

BAKER, E. D., on threats of
disunion, 318.

Baltimore, population (1840),

IO.

Bancroft, George, and war with
Mexico, 204.

Bancroft, H. H., character of
his works, 339.

Bankhead, Charles, and Slidell
mission, 222, 225; and Trist
mission, 249.
Bankruptcy act (1841), 181.
Banks, necessity of national

system, 57. See also Na- | Bocanegra, J. M. de, on Unit-
tional bank, Sub-treasury.
Barnburners, Democratic fac-
tion in New York, 271; and
Polk, 272-274; and Wilmot
Proviso, 274; and regular
national convention (1848),
274; presidential convention,
281; and Free Soil conven-
tion, 282.
Barrow, Alexander, and an-
nexation of Texas, 147.
Baylies, Francis, and Oregon,