effect

on

distribution, 8;
slavery expansion, 19.
Ingersoll, C. J., and annexation
of Texas, 146, 147.
Irving, Washington, and Ore-
gon, 39.
Isthmian transit, Tehuantepec
negotiations, 248, 288, 289;
new importance, 285; early
Spanish scheme, 285; treaty
with New Granada, 287; rail-
road at Panama, 289; Nica-
ragua route concessions, 290;
Hise and Squier draught
treaties, 290; Clayton-Bul-
wer treaty, 291; bibliography,
344.

JACKSON, ANDREW, and Demo-
cratic party, 43; attempt to
acquire Texas, 87; and Tex-
an revolution,_87-89; and
annexation of Texas, 90, 91;
denounces opposition to Tex-
as annexation treaty, 121;
and Van Buren and annexa-
tion issue (1844), 124-126,
129; and claims against
Mexico, 189-192.
Jay treaty, St. Croix River
boundary, 73.

Johnson, Henry, and annexa-

tion of Texas, 146, 152.
Johnson, R. M., not renomi-
nated, 47.

Jones, Anson, and annexation
of Texas (1842), 109, 110;
and annexation resolution,
154, 155.

Jones, T. A. C., seizure of Mon-
terey, 197.

KAUFMAN, D. S., in Texas, 85.
Kearny, S. W., occupies New
Mexico, 231; temporary gov-
ernment there, 231, 296, 306;
march to California, 231;
provisional government and
Frémont, 239.

King, Leicester, nominated for
vice-president, 270.
King, Preston, and pre-annexa-
tion appropriation, 261.
LA BAHÍA settled, 98.
Labranche, Alcée, chargé d'af-
faires in Texas, 91.

La Fora map of Texas, 99,

ΙΟΙ.

Lamar, M. B., conditions dur-
ing administration, 33; op-
poses annexation, 96; Santa
Fé expedition, 107.
Lapwai Creek, Oregon, mission-
ary settlement, 39.
Laredo, settlement and juris-
diction, 102.

Larkin, T. O., and British in-
tentions on California, 210;
instructions, 232; and Bear
Flag revolt, 235.

convention

Lee, Daniel, in Oregon, 38.
Lee, Jason, in Oregon, 38.
Legaré, H. S., on compromise
tariff (1842), 183.
Liberty League
(1848), 271.
Liberty party, convention
(1844), 127; influence on
election, 137; convention
(1848), 270; and Free Soil
party, 282.

Lincoln, Abraham, and slavery
and slave-trade in the Dis-
trict, 310.

Linn, L. F., and Oregon, 37,
163.

Long, James, invasion of Texas,

MCDUFFIE, GEORGE, and an-
nexation of Texas, 92, 144;
and pre-annexation appro-
priation (1846), 258.
McKay, J. J., and pre-annexa-
tion appropriation, 259.
Mackenzie, Sir Alexander, in
Oregon, 158.

McLeod, Alexander, case, 70.
McLeod, Fort, in Oregon coun-
try, 35.

McNab, A. N., Caroline affair, 69.
Magee, Augustus, invasion of
Texas, 24.

Maine. See Northeastern boun-
dary.

Manufactures, growth in North,

ico, 208-210, 214, 215, 225;
instructions to Slidell, 213-
217; failure of Slidell mis-
sion, 217-225; stated reasons
for not receiving Slidell, 219–
221; overthrow of Herrera's
government, 222; mission
and Oregon question, 223;
final refusal to receive Slidell,
224; mission considered, 225-
227; Polk's policy of con-
quering a peace, 228; plan
of operations, 229, 230, 241,
245; conquest of New Mex-
ico, 231; of California, 231-
239; Wool's expedition, 239;
Doniphan's expedition, 240;
friction and dissensions, 241–
243; return of Santa Anna,
243, 244; conditions, 244;
Taylor's campaign, 245; plan
against city of Mexico, 245;
Buena Vista, 246; Vera
Cruz, 247; advance on city
of Mexico, 247, 250; Trist
mission, instructions, 247;
Trist and Scott, 249; bribe
to Santa Anna, 249; armis-
tice and futile negotiations,
250; recall of Trist, 250; final
negotiations by him, 251;
treaty of Guadalupe-Hidalgo,
251; desire for whole of
Mexico, 251-253; pre-an-
nexation appropriations and
Wilmot Proviso, 256-263;
congressional discussion,
263-266; Democratic plat-
form on (1848), 277; bibliog-
raphy, 341; documents, 342.
Mexico, problem of expansion
at expense of, 21; causes
of friction with, 188; diplo-
matic breach over claims
(1836, 1837), 188-191; num-
ber and character of claims,
191, 194; action of American
Congress, 192; Van Buren's
demand, 193; arbitration of

claims, 193; non-payment of |
adjusted claims, 195; futile
claims conventions (1843),
195; amount of claims, 196;
sympathy with Texas as
grievance, 196; and Jones's
seizure of Monterey, 197;
diplomatic breach over an-
nexation of Texas, 198–201;
decrees against annexation,
201; limits its claim to Tex-
as, 203; overthrow of Her-
rera, 222; hold on northern
provinces, 229; restoration
of Santa Anna, 243; Tehuan-
tepec transit, 248, 288, 289.
See also Mexican War, Texas.
Mexico City captured, 250.
Missouri Compromise, and an-

nexation of Texas, 151; and
new western territory, 298,
299, 302, 303, 319.

Missouri Fur Company in Ore-
gon, 36.

Molino del Rey battle, 250.
Monasterio,
and American

claims, 190.
Money, chaotic condition
(1841), 56; sub-treasury and
specie payments, 176, 177.
Monroe, James, and Oregon,

161.

Monroe Doctrine, development,
210; Polk's interpretation,

211.

Monterey, California, Jones's
seizure (1842), 197; Sloat oc-
cupies, 233.
Monterey, Mexico, battle, 245.
Montgomery, J. B., occupies
San Francisco, 233..
Morfit, H. M., agent in Texas,
91.

Mormons and slavery, 319.
Morris, Thomas, nominated for
vice-president, 127.

Moses, Stephen, colonization of
Texas, 25; terms of grant,
26.

Mosquito Coast, origin of Brit-
ish claim, 286; Nicaraguans
driven from, 287; and Clay-
ton-Bulwer treaty, 292.
Murphy, W. S., on British in-
fluence in Texas, 112.

NACOGDOCHES settled, 98.
Nashville convention (1850),
329.

National bank, as issue in 1840,
48; Tyler's indefinite state-
ments, 55, 56; Clay's pro-
gramme, 58; secretary of
treasury's report, 58; pas-
sage of first bill, 59–61; veto,
61; excitement, 61; Tyler
and framing of second bill,
61; passage of second bill,
62; second veto, 63; ques-
tion Tyler's bad faith, 63-65;
project killed, 65, 128.
Nationalism, period of develop-

ment, 11; economic reason,
12. See also Sectionalism.
Native American convention
(1848), 270.

Negroes, number (1840), 9; cen-
tre of population, 10. See
also Slavery.

Netherlands, king of, arbitra-
tion of northeastern boun-
dary, 79.

Neutral Ground treaty, 105.
New Granada, treaty of 1848,
287.
New Mexico, and Texas boun-
dary, 100; Texan Santa Fé
expedition, 107; Poik and
purchase, 208, 248; Slidell's
instructions on, 214; con-
quest, 231; ceded, 251; sla-
very conditions, 295; tempo-
rary government and claim
of Texas, 231, 296, 305-307,
319; Clayton Compromise
on, 304; controversy in Con-
gress (1849), 307-309; Taylor
advises self-organization,316;

as, 23.

Nootka Sound convention, 159;

bibliography, 344.

North, development of national-
ism, 12; abolition of slavery,
14; industrial change, 15. See
also Sectionalism.
Northeastern boundary, origin,
71; southern boundary of
Quebec (1763), 71; in treaty
of 1782, 72, 83; controversy
over St. Croix River, 73;
over islands, 73, 74; Ghent
treaty commissions, 74-76;
meanings of "highlands," 76,
77; head of Connecticut
River, 78; disagreement of
commission, 78; arbitration
by king of Netherlands, 79;
United States "treaty" with
Maine, 80; Aroostook War,
80; negotiation of Ashburton

treaty, 81; attitude of Maine,
81; provisions of treaty, 82;
"battle of the maps,' 83;
bibliography, 343.
Northwest Company in Oregon,
35; Astoria, 37.
Northwest Ordinance, exten-
sion, 301, 304.

Nueva Galicia, extent, 100.
Nueva Vizcaya, extent, 100.
Nuevo Santander and Texas,
100-103, 105.

OREGON Country, name, 34;
rival claims, 35, 159; elimi-
nation of Russian and Span-
ish claims, 35; British settle-
ments, 35; Astoria, 36; joint
Occupation, 37, 160 - 163;
American indifference, 37,
161; British ascendency, 37;
early overland travel, 38,
163; mission settlements, 38;
interest in, aroused, 39, 163,
167; Democrats demand re-
occupation (1844), 132, 157,
167; early voyages and ex-
plorations, 157-159; Nootka
Sound convention, 159; Amer-
icans control ocean trade, 159;
British-American draught
treaty (1806), 160; and
treaty of Ghent, 160; boun-
dary offers (1824, 1826), 162;
Linn's forts and settlement
bill (1843), 163; contempo-
rary opinion of, 164; influ-
ence of increasing settlement,
164; danger in joint occupa-
tion, 165; position of rival
settlements, 165; first local
self-government, 165; sla-
very forbidden, 166; "re-oc-
cupation" considered, 167;
futile negotiations (1845),
168; agitation for whole,
168-170; joint occupation
terminates, 170; negotia-
tions renewed, England of-

fers 49°, 171; treaty (1846),
171; Polk's attitude con-
sidered, 172; question and
Mexican War, 223; Congress
and territorial organization
and slavery, 301-305; organ-
ized without slavery, 305;
bibliography of settlement,
338-340; of boundaries, 344.

PACIFIC FUR COMPANY in Ore-
gon, 36.

Pakenham, Sir Richard, and
Texas, 117-119; and Oregon,
168, 171.

Palfrey, J. G., and slavery in
the District, 310.
Palo Alto battle, 245.
Paredes y Arrillaga, Mariano,
overthrows Herrera, 222; and
Slidell mission, 224; over-
throw, 244.

Parker, Samuel, in Oregon, 39.
Passamaquoddy Bay contro-
versy, 73, 74.

Pease, E. M., in Texas, 85.
Peña y Peña, Manuel de, and

Slidell, 217-219, 221.
Pennsylvania, and tariff of 1846,
270; Whig success (1848),
283.

territorial expansion and sla-
very question, 254, 255; effect
of Wilmot Proviso on parties,
266-268; bibliography, 344.
See also Elections, and parties
by name.

Polk, J. K., desire for Califor-
nia, 40; nominated for presi-
dent, 130; career and char-
acter, 130; availability, 131,
133; elected, 137; causes of
election, 137; and optional
section of annexation resolu-
tion, 153; and admission of
Texas, 156; on Oregon (1828),
164; inaugural on Oregon,
168; Oregon offer (1845),
168; first annual message on
Texas and Oregon boun-
daries, 169; and demand for
whole of Oregon, 170; termi-
nates joint occupation, 171;
accepts offer of 49°, 171;
action considered, 172; and
sub-treasury, 177; and tariff,
185; war message, 204; and
boundary of Texas, 206;
sincerity, 206; Slidell mis-
sion, 208, 209, 212, 225-227;
and purchase of California
and New Mexico, 208, 214,
215, 225, 248; aggressiveness
considered, 226; policy of
conquering a peace, 228; and
plan of operations, 229; and
England and California, 209,
225; and Monroe Doctrine,
210-212; instructions to Sli-
dell, 213-217; orders ad-
vance to Rio Grande, 220; and
California and slavery, 225;
and Frémont, 239; and com-
manding generals, 242; and
Trist mission, 247, 250; ac-
cepts the treaty, 251; and
desire for whole of Mexico,
252; and advice of Senate
on pre-annexation appropria-
tions, 256-259; messages on

Pérez, Juan, and Oregon, 158.
Periodicals of period 1840-1850,
337.

Philadelphia, population (1840),