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(ii) Additional licenses to licensed dealers, as retailers-'Retailer' meaning person selling in less quantities than those authorised by the dealers' license.

License

Spirits

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Quantity

Any less quantity, but not
less than 1 rep. quart bottle

Foreign liqueurs only In bottles, or a bottle

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II. LICENSES TO PERSONS NOT DEALERS.

(a) LICENSES FOR THE SALE OF LIQUOR FOR CONSUMPTION ON OR OFF THE PREMISES.

Licensed Victuallers or Publicans.

'Licensed victualler,' meaning the holder of a publichouse license granted by the justices, who may take out such revenue license or licenses as he may require for his business. The licenses expire on October 10, another of the old revenue quarter days.

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(b) RETAIL LICENSES LIMITED TO SALES FOR CONSUMPTION

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Some of the licenses terminate in March, some in July, and some in October, an arrangement which divides the labour of collection and secures a continuous inflow of revenue into the exchequer. When, in 1869, the income tax, previously payable by law quarterly, and in practice collected half-yearly, was made payable in a lump sum in January, and at the same time the licenses on establishments were required to be taken out at the commencement of the year, objections were raised in some quarters to the alteration, not only on the ground that the payment required might prove to be excessive at a time when the taxpayer had also to provide for the inevitable Christmas bills, but also from a fear that disturbance might be caused in the money market by a sudden and excessive increase in the government balance at the Bank. Taxes, it was urged, should be arranged so that revenue should flow continuously into the exchequer; various as the trees of the Phæacian garden, they should be regulated to yield a never-ending succession of fruit :-

Τάων οὔποτε καρπὸς ἀπόλλυται, οὐδ ̓ ἐπιλείπει

Χείματος, οὐδὲ θέρευς” ἐπετήσιος· ἀλλὰ μαλ ̓ αἰεὶ
Ζεφυριή πνείουσα, τὰ μὲν φύει, ἄλλα δὲ πέσσει.
Ογχνη ἐπ ̓ ὄγχνῃ γηράσκει, μῆλον δ' ἐπὶ μήλῳ,
Αὐτὰρ ἐπὶ σταφυλῇ σταφυλή, σύκον δ' ἐπὶ σύκῳ.

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papers and periodicals, tax on,
358-362

Aerated waters, tax on repealed, 370
Ale, taxes on, 54-72, 117-161
'Ales,' the, of the middle ages, 56
Alehouse of the middle ages, 145

licenses, 145, 468
Alehouses, statutory restrictions on,
146

Althorp, viscount, repeals the taxes
on candles, coals, printed goods,
and slate, see those heads.
Annual duty on tea, 250
Aqua vitae, invention of, 94
Assay of wines, 78

of gold and silver wares, 381, 388
Assay marks, 383

Auctioneers' special licenses for the
sale of plate, 378; repealed, 379

BACON, imported, tax on, 15
Barilla, tax on, 425, 426
Bates' case, 40

Battens, see Timber.

Beaver hats introduced, 400
Beer, taxes on, 59-72, 117-161
Beer-cellar in country houses, 68
Beer-dealers' licenses, 156, 467

CAL

Beer-drinking Briton, song of, 69
Beerhouse license, 150

Beershop license, 154, 469

Beer, licenses for the sale of, 145-
156

Bitter beer, 66

Blacking bottles, see Stone bottles.
Bounty, on refined sugar, 25
Bounty, meaning of, in Customs lan-
guage, 25

Brandy, first statutory mention of, 98
tax on, 214-219

Breweresses of the middle ages, 157
Brewers, tax on licenses of, 157-161
Brickmaking, process of, 392
Bricks, taxes on, 389–397
British brandy, 196

'British Manufactory' distinguished
from foreign calico, 346
British Plate Glass Company, 307,

311

British wine, 187
Broom beer, 72

Butlerage, 163, 165

Butter, imported, tax on, 17, 18

CACAO, see Cocoa-nuts.

Calico, see Cotton.

Calicoes, printed, tax on, 343

CAM

Cambric, see Flax.

Canadian timber, protected, 422
Canary, a favourite wine, 85
Candles, tax on, 316-320
Canteen-keepers, licenses of, 155
Cape wines, 171, 172, 188, 189
Cards, playing, taxes on, 325-327
Cattle, imported, tax on, 15, 16
Censorship of the press established,
351

Cerevisia, 58

Cheese, imported, tax on, 17-19
Chicory, tax on, 257-260
Chip hats, tax on, 404
Chocolate, see Cocoa-nuts.
Cider, taxes on, 238-240
Cigars, see Tobacco.
Cinders, see Coal.

Claret, origin of the term, 76
Cloth, woollen, see Wool.
Clover seed from Holland, 456
Coal, taxes on, 411-418

at the pit, proposal to tax, 415
exported, taxes on, 417

Cobden treaty, scale of taxation of

wine under, 173, 182
Cochineal, tax on, 466

Cocoa-nuts, tax on, 261, 262

Coffee, tax on, 251-260

imitations of, 260

Coker nuts, 261

Commutation Act, Pitt's, of 1784,
246

Corinth, grape of, see Currants.
Corn, tax on, 7-14

Cornewall Lewis, sir G., repeals
the tax on newspapers, see that
head.

Cotton, taxes on, 448-453

American, proposed tax on, 451
Cottons, printed, tax on, 343
Cotton-wool, see Cotton.
Cowper's village alehouse, 70

- hissing urn, 116

Culm, see Coal.

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