Thalweg of the Rhine is the boundary of the French Empire, and the ship yards of Antwerp, being unguarded and exposed through the existing situation of the boundaries of the two States, His Majesty the King of Holland cedes to His Majesty the Emperor of the French, etc., Dutch Brabant, the whole of Zeeland, including therein the island of Schouwen, and part of Gelderland upon the left bank of the Waal, in such a manner that the boundary of France and of Holland shall be henceforth the Thalweg of the Waal,

8. His Majesty the King of Holland, in order to co-operate with the forces of the French Empire, shall have at anchor a fleet of 9 ships of the line and 6 frigates, armed and provisioned for six months and ready to put sail on July 1st next, and a flotilla of 100 gunboats or other ships of war. This force shall be kept up and made constantly disposable during the entire war.

10. All merchandise arriving upon American vessels entered into the ports of Holland since January 1, 1809, shall be placed in sequestration and shall belong to France to be disposed of according to circumstances and its political relations with the United States.

II. All merchandise of English manufacture is prohibited in Holland.

12. Police measures shall be taken to look after and to cause the arrest of insurers of contraband, contrabandists, their abettors, etc.; finally, the government of Holland agrees that it will destroy contraband.

15. Filled with confidence as to the manner in which the engagements resulting from the present treaty will be fui filled, His Majesty the Emperor and King guarantees the integrity of the possessions of Holland as they shall be in virtue of this treaty.

16. The present treaty shall be ratified and the ratifications thereof shall be exchanged at Paris within the space of fifteen days or sooner if it is possible to do so.

Done at Paris, March 16, 1810.

D. Organic Senatus-Consultum for the Annexation of Holland and North Germany, December 13, 1810. Duvergier, Lois, XVII, 235.

1. Holland, the Hanseatic cities, Lauenburg, and the countries situated between the North Sea and a line drawn from the confluence of the Lippe with the Rhine to Haltern, from Haltern to the Ems below Telgte; from the Ems to the confluence of the Werre with the Weser, and from Stozenau upon the Weser to the Elbe below the confluence of the Steckenitz, shall make an integral part of the French Empire.

2.

The said countries shall form ten departments to wit:

3. The number of deputies of these department in the Corps-Legislatif shall be .. [29 in all].

.

8. One senatorship shall be established for the departments forming the jurisdiction of the Imperial Court of the Hague, and another for the departments forming the jurisdiction of the Imperial Court of Hamburg.

9. The cities of Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Hamburg, Bremen, and Lubeck, are included among the good cities of which the mayors are present at the taking of the oath of the Emperor at his accession.

85. Treaty of Vienna.

October 14, 1809. De Clercq, Traites, II, 293-299.

This treaty came at the end of the fourth war which Austria had fought against France since the beginning of the Revolution. Its terms should be compared with those of the three preceding treaties, Campo Formio, Lunéville and Pressburg (Nos. 55, 62, 74)

REFERENCES. Fyffe, Modern Europe, I, 430-433 (Popular ed., 289-292); Fournier, Napoleon, 477-482; Lanfrey, Napoleon, IV, 213-224; Sloane, Napoleon, III, 182-186; Lavisse and Rambaud, Histoire Generale, IX, 176-177.

ΜΑΡ. Schrader, Atlas de Geographie Historique, 48.

His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy,

Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation, and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and of Bohemia, equally prompted by the desire to put an end to the war that has been kindled between them, have resolved to proceed without delay to the conclusion of a definitive treaty of peace,

1. There shall be, dating from the day of the exchange of the ratifications of the present Treaty, peace and amity between His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, and His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and of Bohemia, their heirs and successors, their respective States and subjects, forever.

3. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and of Bohemia, both for himself, his heirs and successors, and for the Princes of His House, their respective heirs and successors, renounces the principalities, lordships, domains and territories hereinafter designated, as well as every title whatsoever which may be derived from their possession, and the properties, whether domanial or possessed by them under personal title, which these countries include.

Ist. He cedes and abandons to His Majesty the Emperor of the French, in order to make part of the Confederation of the Rhine and to be disposed of in favor of the Sovereigns of the Confederation: the countries of Salzburg and Berechtesgaden, the portion of Upper Austria situated beyond a line setting out from the Danube near the village of Strass and taking in Weissenkirchen, Wiedersdorf, Michelbach, Greist, Muckenhoffen, Helft, Jeding, from there the road to Schwanenstadt, the city of Schwanenstadt upon the Kammer, and in continuation reascending the course of that river and of the lake of that name to the point at which that lake touches the frontier of the country of Salzburg. .

2d. He likewise cedes to His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, the County of Görz, the territory of Montefalcone, the Government of the city of Trieste, Carniola with its enclaves upon the Gulf of Trieste, the circle of Vilach in Carinthia, and all the countries situated to the right of the

Save, in setting out from the point at which that river leaves Carniola and following it to the frontier of Bosnia, to wit: part of provincial Croatia, six districts of military Croatia, Fiume and the Hungarian littoral, the Austrian Istria or district of Küsten, the dependent islands of these ceded countries and all the other countries under whatsoever denomination upon the right bank of the Save, the Thalweg of that river serving as boundary between the two States; lastly, the lordship of Razuns, enclave within the country of the Grisons.

3d. He cedes and abandons to His Majesty the King of Saxony the enclaves dependent upon Bohemia and included within the territory of the Kingdom of Saxony, to wit: . . .

4th. He cedes and abandons to His Majesty the King of Saxony, in order to be united to the Duchy of Warsaw, all eastern er new Galicia, a district about Cracow upon the right bank of the Vistula, which shall be determined hereafter, and the circle of Zamoste in eastern Galicia.

5th. He cedes and abandons to His Majesty the Emperor of Russia, in the most eastern part of former Galicia, a territory comprising four hundred thousand souls of population, in which the city of Brody shall be included. This territory shall be determined by agreement between commissioners of the two Empires.

14. His Majesty the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, guarantees the integrity of the possessions of His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and of Bohemia, in the state in which they are according to the present treaty.

16. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria recognizes all the changes which have occurred or which may occur in Spain, in Portugal, and in Italy.

16. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, wishing to contribute to the return of maritime peace, adheres to the prohibitive system adopted by France and Russia in opposition to England for the present maritime war. His Imperial Majesty will cause all relations with Great Britain to cease and

will put himself, as regards the English Government, in the position in which he was before the present war.

Separate Articles.

I. In virtue of the authorisation given by His Majesty the Emperor of Russia, the treaty of peace of this day is declared to be common to Russia, the Ally of France.

2. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, in consequence of the diminution of his possessions and being anxious to remove everything which might give birth to uneasiness and distrust between the two States, as well as to manifest his political intentions, binds himself to reduce the rolls of his troops in such a manner that the total number of the troops of all arms and of every sort shall not rise above 150,000 men during the continuance of the maritime war.

5. His Majesty the Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary and of Bohemia, shall discharge in coin that which remains to be paid of the two hundred millions of contributions imposed upon the different States occupied by the French armies, whether in bank notes or in metallic value. In order to facilitate the payment of this sum, His Majesty the Emperor of the French consents to reduce it to 85,000,000 francs.

86. Decree upon Printing and Bookselling.

February 5, 1810. Duvergier, Lois, XVII, 19-23.

This law is a sort of organic act upon the press. It co-ordinates and consolidates a number of earlier measures in restraint of freedom of printing. The system delineated in the document had existed, substantially as here shown, from about 1804.

REFERENCES. Dickinson, Revolution and Reaction in Modern France, 46-48; Lanfrey, Napoleon, IV, 316-326.

TITLE I. OF THE DIRECTORSHIP OF PRINTING AND BOOKSELLING. 1. There shall be a director general charged, under the orders of our minister of the interior, with everything that is related to printing and bookselling.