under foot, made them utterly unuseful either for themselves or others."-Ibid. p. 158.

MASTER BARTLETT "clad in a fair scarlet gippo" (the word is twice thus written) "a shrewd temptation to a man not accustomed to wear good clothes. Captain Scriven demanded it off his back."-Ibid. p. 161.

AMONG other things valuable both for rarity and use of which this Mr. Bartlett was plundered. They "took a cock-eagle's stone, for which thirty pieces had been offered by a physician."-Ibid. 162.

and abler sort of his subjects, with their families, resorted to the cities of London and Westminster, and places adjoining, and there made their residence, more than in former times; contrary to the ancient usage of the English nation, which had occasioned divers inconve niences; for whilst their residence was in the country, they served the King according to their degrees and ranks, in aid of the government, whereby, and by their housekeeping in those parts, the realm was defended, and the meaner sort of people were guided, directed and relieved; but by their residence in London, Westminster, and parts adjoining, they had not employment, but lived without doing any service to prince or people: a great part of their money drawn out of their several respective counties, and spent in the city, in excess of apparel provided from foreign nations, to the enriching of other nations, and consumed their time in other vain delights and expence, even to the wasting of their estates. The King therefore ordered all such persons who were not of the privy council, nor bound to daily attendance at court, to return to their country homes within forty days, and there keep their habitations and hospitality; and he declared his firm resolution to withstand this great and growing evil by a constant severity towards the offenders."-Ibid.

1629. "Ar this time the city of London was in great splendour, and full of wealth; and it was then a most glorious sight to behold the goldsmith's shops, all of one row in Cheapside, from the end of the street called the Old Change near Pater-Noster Row, unto the open place, over against Mercer's Chapel, at the lower end of Cheap there being at that time but three or four shops of other trades that interposed in the row." Whereupon the Privy Council made an order "forasmuch as his Majesty had received information of the unseemliness and deformity p. 144. appearing in Cheapside, by reason that divers men of mean trades had shops there amongst the goldsmiths, it was his express pleasure to have that disorder removed."-RUSHWORTH, vol. 2, p. 28. See Laud's History of his Troubles, p. 247.

Hence loss of influence of the gentry,-felt lamentably in the ensuing civil war. Hence too growth of puritanism, which is of city growth; and in broken fortunes a cause of mischievous designs.

Ca

1632. PRICE of wine by proclamation. 1631. "AFTER several debates before the nary wines, Muscadel and Alicant, £16 the King and Council, it was ordered that the Com- pipe, 12d. the quart. Sacks and Malagas, pany of Goldsmiths should take order that, with- £13 the butt, 9d. the quart. The best Gasin a short time limited, Goldsmith's Row in coigne and French wine £18 the tun, 6d. the Cheapside and Lombard Street should be sup-quart. The Rochel and other small and thin plied with Goldsmiths; and that those who wines £15 the tun, 6d. the quart.-Ibid. p. 157. keep shops scatteringly in other parts of the city, should have shops procured for them in Cheapside or Lombard Street, upon penalty that those of the Assistants and Livery, that did not take care herein, should lose their places. And it was further ordered, for the time to come, that all such who should serve their apprenticeships to goldsmiths, and thereupon were made free, should enter into bond, not to keep a goldsmith's shop in any other part of the city than in Cheapside or Lombard Street; and that the Lord Mayor should take care that shops be provided for them at moderate and indifferent rates."-RUSHWORTH, vol. 2, p. 111.

1636. THIS proclamation renewed. "All shops, not Goldsmiths in those streets, to be shut up, and suffered there no longer."-Ibid. p. 411.

"THE King being informed (1632) that of late years a great number of the nobility, gentry, AA

1633. WILLIAM NEAD, an ancient archer, presented to the King and Council a warlike invention, with the use of the bow and the pike together. The King authorized him to instruct the Trained Bands, reminded the people that the statutes enjoining the use of the bow and arrow were still in force, and required them to conform themselves thereunto.-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 191.

1634. "THE union flag, that is, St. George's cross and St. Andrew's joined together, was still to be reserved as an ornament proper to the King's own ships, and ships in his immediate service and pay, and none others. English ships were to bear the Red Cross, Scotch, the White."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 247.

1635. EVIL of town residences still com

1636. "TAKING into consideration the great quantity of money exhausted from his subjects, and exported out of his dominions into foreign parts, for counterfeit jewels of pearl, pendants, chains and false stones, carrying only a show and sembiance of precious stones, pearls and jewels, the king commanded that from thenceforth no person should wear, or use any counter1635. In the preceding reign and this, several feit jewels, pearls, pendants, chains, or false proclamations "for the restraint of excessive car-stones, upon pain of forfeiture of the same, and

such other pains as shall be inflicted upon them." | of victuallers, artificers, workmen, and labour-Ibid. p. 321. ers."-Ibid. app. p. 88.

1636. THE Lord Keeper charges the judges to proceed roundly against capital and felonious offenders, especially robbers in the highway, who now march in troops after a high hand."-Ibid. vol. 2, p. 358.

1630. DIRECTIONS "that no man harbour rogues in their barns or outhouses. And the wandering persons with women and children to give account to the constable or justice of peace, where they were married, and where their children were christened; for these people live like savages, neither marry, nor bury, nor christen,

COURT of Honour, or Lord Marshal's Court, which licentious liberty makes so many delight held in the Painted Chamber. to be rogues and wanderers."—Ibid. p. 89.

"A man took the name and arms of West, Lord De la Ware's family, and his son took place, upon that ground, of some of the gentry, his neighbours in Hampshire; and they being thus disobliged, and knowing his real history, acquainted Lord De la Ware's family, and the lord being an infant, his guardian brought the case to a hearing. The said pretended West had been a hostler, and being a famous wrestler in Lincoln's Inn Fields, went there by the name of Jack of the West. He knew enough of the family to make out a descent in his patent from one who went beyond sea, and was thought to be dead; but this very person was produced in court, from whom the descent was assumed. So the court was fully satisfied of the abuse by the said West the hostler done to the family of West, Lord De la Ware, whereupon he was ordered to be degraded, and never to write himself gentleman any more, and to pay £500 fine. Some other circumstances did attend his degradation, which cannot now be called to mind."Ibid. vol. 2, pt. 2, p. 1055.

THE gaoler in every county to be made governor of the house of correction, “that so he may employ to work prisoners committed for small causes, and so they may learn to live honestly by labour, and not live idly and miserably long in prison, whereby they are made worse when they come out than they were when they went in."-Ibid.

1630. "THE highways in all counties of England in great decay, partly so grown, for that men think there is no course by the common law, or order from the state to amend the same; and the work-days appointed by the statute are so omitted or idly performed that there comes little good by them."—Ibid.

1640. COMPLAINT in the London Petition, of "the swarming of lascivious, idle and unprofitable books and pamphlets, play-books and ballads, as namely, Ovid's Fits of Love, the Parliament of Women, which came out at the dissolving of the last Parliament, Barns's Poems, Parker's Ballads, in disgrace of relig

"ONE Brown set forth in libel his descent; that another person in way of defamation, said, he was no gentleman, but descended from Brown, the great pudding-eater, in Kent; but it appear-ion, to the increase of all vice, and withdrawing he was not so descended, but from an ancient family, he that spoke the words underwent the sentence of the court, and decreed to give satisfaction to the party complaining.”—Ibid.

"A CITIZEN of London was complained of, who going unto a gentleman well descended for some money that was due unto him, the gentleman not only refused to pay him the money, but gave him hard words; then said the citizen, Surely you are no gentleman, that would not pay your debts, with some other reflecting language and the citizen underwent the censure of the court."-Ibid.

-

ing people from reading, studying, and hearing the Word of God and other good books."Ibid. 3, vol. 1, p. 94.

"WHATEVER games were stirring, at places where he retired, as gammon, gleek, piquet, or even the merry main (?) he made one."-Life of Lord Keeper Guildford, vol. 1, p. 17.

THE exhibition allowed to Francis North by his father (a nobleman), while studying the law, was £60 a-year, and his grandfather, £20; and the father then cut off £10.-Ibid. p. 49.

FRANCIS NORTH "being solicitous about his health, wore a broad stomacher on his breast; and commonly a little leather cap, which sort was then called sculcaps."—Ibid. vol. 1, p. 57.

1630. STEWARDS to lords and gentlemen, in keeping their leets twice a-year, were to enquire, among other things, especially "of common thieves and their receivers; haunters of taverns or alehouses, those that go in good clothes and fare well, and none knows whereof they live; those that be night-walkers; builders "As his practice increased, these sculcaps of cottages, and takers-in of inmates; offences were destined to be in a drawer to receive the

money that came in by fees. One had the gold, beer, they have a bowl of milk. This custom another the crowns and half-crowns, and anoth-was by some people observed, even in the stricter the smaller money."-Ibid. vol. 1, p. 170.

est time of the Presbyterian government. And at Dyndar, volens nolens the parson of the parish, the relations of a woman deceased there

His sister Mary, "besides the advantage of had this ceremony punctually performed, acher person, had a superior wit, prodigious mem-cording to her will. The like was done in the ory, and was most agreeable in conversation. city of Hereford in those times, where a woman I do just remember so much of her (for I was kept many years before her death, a mazarvery young when she married), that for hours bowl for the sin-eater, and in other places in and hours together, she diverted her sisters, this county, as also at Brecon, at Llangore, and all the female society at work together (as where Mr. Gwin, the minister, about 1640, the use of that family was), with rehearsing by could not hinder this superstition."-Aubrey of heart prolix romances, with the substance of Gentilisme, MS. quoted in KENNETT'S Par. Ant. speeches and letters, as well as passages; and vol. 2, p. 276. this with little or no hesitation, but in a continual series of discourse; the very memory of which is to me, at this day, very wonderful. She instituted a sort of order of the wits of her time and acquaintance, whereof the symbol was, a sun with a circle touching the rays, and upon that, in a blue ground, were wrote avтúpкns, in the proper Greek character, which her father suggested. Diverse of these were made in silver and enamel, but in embroidery plenty, which were dispersed to those wittified ladies who were willing to come into the order, and for a while they were formally worn, till the foundress fell under the government of another, and then it was left off."-Ibid. p. 58.

DOLES at funerals were continued at gentlemen's funerals in the West of England till the Civil Wars.-Ibid.

1645. "THE plague in a few months swept away above 1300 souls in Leeds, and so infected the air that the birds fell down dead in their flight over the town.”—THORESBY, p. 104. Whitaker's edit.

"THE high narrow windows, the diamond quarrels, the stone floors (I am now speaking of the best houses in the town, Leeds), together

PUBLIC readings at the Inns of Court, and with the absence of shutters and curtains, afford riotous feasting.-Ibid. p. 140.

"THE poor herdsman that dwells upon his own acre, and feeds the little yokes and couples of sheep on highways and mountains, and looks not ambitiously on his neighbour's farm, nor covets the next cottage, (which yet he likes well, and thinks it excellent, because it hath a chimney) nor would do an act of falsehood to get his own tenement rent-free. This man

but a melancholy picture of the dwellings of Hirwing manufacturers down to the reign of Charles I. In the beginning of that reign the first house" at Leeds "(and it bears to this day by way of eminence, the name of Red House) was constructed of brick; and here, as affording probably the best accommodation in the town, that unhappy monarch was lodged while in the hands of the Scots."-WHITAKER'S Loidis and Elmete, p. 79.

shall have a reward in proportion great as that
just prince who refuses to oppress his brother,
when his state is broken by rebellion and disad-on by the Commons this day,
vantages."-J. TAYLOR, vol. 14, p. 289.

1647, 13 April. "THE Establishment agreed

"In the county of Hereford was an old custom at funerals to hire poor people, who were to take upon them all the sins of the party deceased, and were called sin-eaters. One of them, I remember, lived in a cottage on Ross high-way. The manner was thus: when the corpse was brought out of the house, and laid on the bier, a loaf of bread was delivered to the sin-eater over the corpse, as also a mazarbowl (a gossip's bowl of maple) full of beer, which he was to drink up, and sixpence in money; in consequence whereof, he took upon him, ipso facto, all the sins of the defunct, and freed him or her from walking after they were dead. In North Wales, the sin-eaters are frequently

Officers of Horse.

A Colonel shall have 12s. per diem, and for four horses 6s. per diem.

A Captain 10s. and two horses 4s.
A Ltnt. 5s. 4d. and two horses 4s.
A Quarter Master 4s. and one horse 2s.
A Provost Master 3s. 4d. and two men 4s.
Corporals and Trumpeters each 2s. 6d, per

diem.

Foot Officers.
A Captain 8s. per diem.

A Ltnt. 4s.

An Ensign 2s. 6d.

Serjeants, Drummers and Corporals, each 1s.
RUSHWORTH, Vol. 6, p. 454.

"PRIVATE persons, especially those in trade,

made use of; but there, instead of a bowl of [found themselves under a necessity of assuming