that we request permission to take possession of Cape Aden. A copy should be forwarded to the Government of India, and our hope expressed that, in consideration of the danger of delay, the Governorgeneral in Council will authorize us to carry our plan into immediate effect.

Nr. 11.

Traités entre la Grande-Bretagne et le Sultan d'Aden en Arabie du mois de Septembre 1838.

(Présenté au Parlament d'Angleterre au mois de Mai 1839.)

...

Aus: Recueil de traités par G. Fr. de Martens.
Tome XIX. 1840. S. 721.

(Der Wortlaut auf S. 348 desselben Bandes weicht etwas von diesem ab.) 1. The Sultan of Aden agrees to cede in perpetuity, in free sovereignty to the British Government, the land of Aden, as far as the northern side of the Khore Muksa, including the mountains and every part of the land generally included in what is called Cape Aden, together with the harbours of the same, named Gubet Toowye, Bunder Serah, Bunder Duras, and the islands within the same, as well as Seerah Island, and all fortifications, reservoirs, tanks, wells, public buildings, gates and ruins, now existing within the above limits. 2. The British Government agrees to pay the sum of (8700?) dollars to the Sultan of Aden annually in arrears on the 31st December of each year, or so long as they may retain possession of the territory ceded in the first article.

3. The British Government engages that no interference or molestation shall at any time be offered those who profess the Mahomedan religion, and that no injury or damage shall be done to the mosque of Sheik Hydroosse, or to any other mosque or place of Mahomedan worship. The free and unrestricted exercise of religion is guaranteed the Mahomedan priests and all who profess that faith.

4. All persons who may choose to reside within the limits defined in the first article, shall be entitled to British protection, according to the laws which may be established by the British Government.

5. The Sultan of Aden engages to afford every facility in his power for the prosecution of commerce within his dominions, and the country adjacent thereto, and will afford efficient protection to all persons under the British Government and flag, resorting to them for commercial or other peaceful pursuits.

6. The British Government will maintain the most amicable relations with the Sultan, his family, relations, and tribe. The Sultan and his family will be at liberty to reside at Aden, and will be the treated with the courtesy and honour due to their rank and station.

7. Two of the vessels belonging to the Sultan of Aden, not exceeding the burthen of 200 tons each, shall be allowed to trade with Aden free of duties; should they, however, be freighted with the property of his subjects or other persons, the usual duties will be levied thereon.

Hamburgische Forschungen. Heft I. (Anhang.)

2

8. The British Government guarantees to the present inhabitants of the territory ceded in the first article, the full and undisturbed enjoyment of all houses and other private property now in their possession. In the event of any part of the same being required for public purposes, the same will be purchased at a fair valuation.

9. The Sultan of Aden will be allowed to retain his present private dwellinghouses. All ordnance now at Aden is the property of the Sultan, and may be removed to Lahedge.

Nr. 12.

Preliminary Engagement of the Sultan M'Hassan of Lahej, for the Transfer of Aden to the British Government. (Received by Capt. S. B. Haines, Indian Navy, at Aden, on the 23rd January 1838.)

Aus: Treaties and Conventions ... subsist. between Great Britain and foreign powers by Lewis Hertslet. Vol. XI. 1864. S. 1-2. The peace, mercy, and blessings of the Almighty be with you.

We have received the letter which, through Jaffer, you have written concerning our agreement about Aden, on the 5th of Shuval; but you must know that we have claims upon that place, as also have the tribes and Sultans around it. About the delay of the 2 months, Zilkad and Zilhuj, to which you and I have agreed before the transfer, we earnestly desire that it be observed. You will go to Bombay, and there consult the Government, while we will consult our people, the Princes and Shaikhs, and prepare their minds; then we and you, the Commissioner of the Company, will carry into effect the delivery of the fortress of Aden into your hand, and ratify the expenses of the tribes and Sultans, the regulations and manner of proceeding of everything connected with the town, the war by land and sea; then you, as the Commissioner, shall receive a true and full account and ratified transfer of the fortress of the town. As for the said customs, one-half will be upon you, and the other half upon us, after the 2 months, if it is agreed upon between us. On your arrival we will treat about the monthly or annual stipend. But the Arabs of the present town must remain under our name and our jurisdiction; all other people will be your subjects; and while we are treating after the delay of the 2 said months you must not act aggressively against us, or wrest any part of Aden from us. If you did not observe the delay of 2 months, we will not be responsible to you for anything that may happen. (L. S.) Sultan M'Hassan Foudthel.

Witness: Rashed Bin Abdulla.

After the 2 months we will speak and treat with Captain Haines and no other person.

Sultan M'Hassan of Lahej to Capt. Haines, January 23, 1838.
(Extract.)

Bismillahir Rahmanir Rahum bemunnihee t'alla, &c. and compliments. What I now write is from Lahej, where all are well. Your letter reached me, and I understand all you wrote in that letter. I have

finished with you on the subject of the town, and told you all. Jaffer came to me from you. I have spoken truth, and gave him a letter, and from his hand received another. I have given my seal that Aden is yours, and you must now give me yours as a security to me. You have both my letter and seal. SULTAN M'HASSAN.

Nr. 13.

Bond entered into by Sultan M'Hassan, after Aden came into the possession of the British, on signing which he received the first payment on account of the stipend of 541 German crowns per mensem, which the British Government agreed to allow him while he remained faithful to his Engagements. June 18, 1839. Nach Hertslet: Treaties and conventions... (Aus: „Bombay Book of Treaties." S. 284. Aitchison, Bd. XIII, Nr. XVII ist der Wortlaut abweichend.) Sultan M'Hassan Foudthel, his sons Sultan Ahmed M'Assen Foudthel, Ali Abdulla and Foudthel, enter into an Engagement of peace and friendship on the part of their Government, and Captain S. B. Haines of the Indian Navy, Political Agent at Aden, on the part of the Government of the East India Company. Art. I. Sultan M'Hassan and his sons engage themselves to keep their territory and roads in peace and security, so that the weak and poor people may communicate in safety with each other, the Sultan being responsible for every wrong done on the road by any of the Sultan's people. The Sultan will always preserve peace and friendship with the British Government, their interests being united by the British possessing Aden in perpetuity.

II. Captain Haines agrees to pay the stipends of the Foudthelee, Yaffar, Houshebee, and Ameer Tribes, as originally paid by Sultan M'Hassan of Lahej.

III. Captain Haines agrees to pay to Sultan M'Hassan and his descendants the sum of 6,500 German crowns, from the month of Zilkad, 1254.

IV. From Khore Muksa towards Lahej is to be under the jurisdiction of the Sultan, according to the known confines of the Abdallee territory.

V. If there happen war against Abdallee, or the territory of Lahej or Aden, the Contracting Parties will assist each other.

VI. The subjects of the Sultan entering Aden will be under the jurisdiction of the British Government for the time, and the British subjects resorting to Lahej will be under the jurisdiction of the Sultan for the time being.

VII. Everything belonging to the Sultan or his sons entering, or going out of, Aden will be free from custom duties.

Dated the 6th of Rubee-oos-sanu (corresponding with the 18th June, 1839, A. D.).

S. B. HAINES.

(SEAL OF SULTAN M'HASSAN FOUDTHEL.)

Nr. 14.

Engagement of Sheikh of Akrabees with the Governor of Aden, never to part with any Portion of the Peninsula of Jibbel Ihsan (Jebel Hassan), except to the British Government. January 23, 1863.

Aus: Aitchison, Bd. XIII, Nr. XL.

Praise be to God alone.

The object of writing this lawful Bond is, that is is hereby covenanted and agreed betwixt Sheikh Abdoolla Bahaidarah Mehdi, Chief of the Akrabee tribe, on the one part, and Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan, Governor of Aden, on behalf of Her Majesty the Queen of England, on the other part, that the said Sheikh Abdoolla Bahaidarah Mehdi doth pledge himself, his heirs and successors by this agreement never to sell, mortgage, or give for occupation, save to the British Government, any portion of the Peninsula called Jibbel Ihsan, including the Khore of Bir Ahmed, Alghadeer, Bundar, Fogum, and all the intermediate coast and inlets.

In consideration of which act of friendship, the said Sheikh Abdoolla Bahaidarah Mehdi has received from Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan, Governor of Aden, an immediate payment of 3,000 dollars, and shall also receive from the said Brigadier Coghlan or his successors a future monthly subsidy of 30 dollars, it being understood that this stipend imposes an obligation on the part of Sheikh Abdoolla Bahaidarah Mehdi, his heirs and successors, to protect all traders and British subjects who pass through or reside in the Akrabee territory, and also for preserving terms of peace and friendship betwixt the Akrabee tribe and the Governor of Aden, representing the Government of Her Majesty the Queen of England.

In token of this honourable engagement, the Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan and Sheikh Abdoolla Bahaidarah Mehdi do severally affix their hand and seal at Aden on Friday, the 23rd day of January, in the year of Christ 1863, corresponding with the 3rd day of Shaban in the year of the Hegira 1279.

ABDOOLLA BAHAIDARAH MEHDI.

W. M. COGHLAN, Brigadier, Political Resident, Aden.

Nr. 15.

Translation of an Engagement entered into by the Sheikh of the Akrabi Tribe for the sale of Little Aden. 1869.

Aus: Aitchison. Vol. XIII. Nr. XLI.

The cause of writing this lawful deed is as follows:

That a Treaty and engagement is made between Sheikh Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi, Sheikh of the Akrabi tribe, on the one part, and General Sir Edward Russell, Resident of Aden, on behalf of the Honourable British Government, on the other.

To wit, the abovementioned Sheikh Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi on his part binds himself by these presents to have sold and delivered over in perpetuity to the British Government the Peninsula called Jebel Ihsan alias Jebel Hussan and the Khor of Bir Ahmed and Al

Ghader and Bunder Fokum, and all and whatsoever is comprised on the seashore in the matter of harbours or ports between the said Khor (of Bir Ahmed) and Bundar Fogum; and moreover the said Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi binds himself, his heirs and successors, by these presents, never to sell or pledge or give up any one for residence, excepting to the British Government, any portion whatsoever of Jebel Ras Imram, or the land on the border of the bay between Ras Imram and Jebel Ihsan or Hussan; and in consideration of what is aforementioned, the said Sheik Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi has received from General Sir Edward Russell, Resident at Aden, the sum of thirty thousand German crowns, being the amount of purchase-money agreed upon by the said Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi, and this sum of thirty thousand German crowns is over and above the sum of three thousand German crowns which Brigadier William Marcus Coghlan stipulated for and paid to the said Sheikh Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi on the 23rd day of January 1863, in accordance with the Treaty that was made on that date, and payment of these said three thousand German crowns then well and truly made to the said Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi.

In witness that the terms of this Treaty are truly and justly binding on Sheikh Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi of himself, his heirs and successors, as to the sale, and on General Sir Edward Russell, Resident at Aden, on behalf of the Honourable British Government, as to the purchase, both have hereunto set their signatures and seals, at Aden, this 2nd day of April A. D. 1869, equivalent to 21 st day of the month Zhil Hujj. A. H. 1285.

Articles of Treaty and engagement between Sheikh Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi and Sir Edward Russell, Resident at Aden, that the honour and respect which is due to Abdoollah Ba Haidara Mehdi from the British Government continue, and that from the present date an increase of dollars 10 to the present subsidy of 30 dollars be paid (making) a total of dollars 40 (per mensem), and that Abdoollah Ba Haidara (be permitted to) levy transport dues on whatever may be landed from the bunders which he has sold this day according to a Treaty drawn up with Sir Edward Russel on behalf of the British Government should the goods so landed thence pass through his territory, viz., Bir Ahmed, and all claims of Sultan Fadhlee, or of Sultan Ahmed, the Fadthli, upon Bir Ahmed, the Resident is to take upon himself, and this is what is agreed upon.

This second day of April 1869, equivalent to 21 st day of Zhil Hujj 1285. (Sd.) E. L. RUSSELL, Major-General,