XX. Aircraft belonging to the Contracting States shall, when flying between the two countries, be provided with(a.) A certificate of registration in accordance with Annex A. (b.) A certificate of air-worthiness in accordance with Annex B. (c.) Certificates of the crew, in accordance with Annex E. (d.) A list of passengers. (e.) A bill of lading of any goods carried, in accordance with the Customs Annex attached to this Convention. (f.) Log-books, in accordance with Annex C. (g.) An attestation, issued by the Air Navigation Adminis tration in the country to which the aircraft belongs, certifying that an insurance policy has been taken out in accordance with Article IV. (h.) If necessary, a special licence to carry wireless apparatus. The aircraft's papers shall make it clear who is in command on board. XXI. The log-books shall be kept for two years after the last entry. XXII. Upon the departure or landing of an aircraft, the competent authorities of the Contracting States shall have the right to visit the aircraft and to verify the documents with which it must be provided. XXIII. Aircraft belonging to one Contracting State may claim in the other State the same assistance on landing, and in case of distress, as aircraft belonging to that State. With regard to salvage of aircraft wrecked at sea, the Contracting States shall apply, so far as is possible, the regulations in force for the salvage of ships. XXIV. Any aerodrome in the Contracting States available for general use, upon payment of charges, by the aircraft of the country in question, shall also be open for the use of aircraft belonging to the other Contracting State. The tariff rates and all other regulations for the use of such aerodromes shall be the same for aircraft belonging to the other Contracting State as for the aircraft of the State in which the aerodrome is situated. XXV. Each Contracting State undertakes to adopt measures to ensure that every aircraft flying above the limits of its territory, and that every aircraft bearing its marks of nationality, which finds itself within the territory of the Contracting State or on international territory, shall comply with the Air Regulations (Annex D); the State shall also undetake to prosecute all persons infringing these regulations. XXVI. The carriage by aircraft of explosives and of arms and munitions of war between the Contracting States is forbidden. XXVII. Each of the Contracting States may prohibit or regulate the carriage or use of photographic apparatus. The Contracting States shall inform each other of such regulations. XXVIII. As a measure of public safety, the carriage of objects other than those mentioned in Articles XXVI and XXVII may be subjected to restrictions by each Contracting State. The Contracting States shall inform each other of such regulations. XXIX. All restrictions of the kind mentioned in Article XXVIII shall be applied equally to private aircraft belonging to the country in question and private aircraft belonging to the other Contracting State. XXX. All aircraft other than military and similar aircraft which are employed exclusively on State service, such as Customs, Post and Police aircraft, shall be treated as private aircraft and as such shall be subject to all the provisions of the present Convention. XXXI. Every aircraft commanded by a person in military service detailed for the purpose is deemed to be a military aircraft. XXXII. Military aircraft from one Contracting State may neither fly over nor land within the territory of the other Contracting State without special authorisation. In case of such authorisation the military aircraft shall enjoy, in the absence of a special stipulation, the privileges of ex-territoriality which are customarily accorded to foreign ships of war. A military aircraft which is forced to land and which does not possess authorisation to do so, or which is required or compelled to land cannot by reason thereof acquire right to ex-territoriality. XXXIII. Further negotiations shall be pursued between the Contracting Parties to determine in what cases Police and Customs aircraft can be authorised to cross the frontier. They shall in no case be entitled to the privilege of ex-territoriality. XXXIV. The provisions of this Convention shall be supplemented by Annexes A to E, which shall come into force simultaneously with the Convention and shall be valid for the same period as the latter. These Annexes may be modified and amplified by negotiations between the air administrations of the Contracting States. XXXV. Each Contracting State undertakes to co-operate as far as possible in international measures concerning— (a.) Meteorological investigations. (b.) The publication of standard aeronautical maps and the establishment of a uniform system of ground marks for flying. (c.) The use of wireless in air navigation and the establishment of the necessary wireless stations. The air administrations of the Contracting States may negotiate directly with each other regarding joint regulations for the matters referred to in (a) and (b). XXXVI. The air administrations of the Contracting States shall, except in cases which they have authority to decide by the terms of the present Convention, receive and elaborate proposals for amendments to this Convention, and shall further deal with questions affecting air navigation between the Contracting States. XXXVII. The Contracting States undertake to accord to each other's aircraft arriving at, departing from or traversing their respective countries, the same treatment in every respect as they accord to their own aircraft, and to treat any cargo, lawfully carried by such aircraft, in the same manner as if it were carried by their own aircraft. The Contracting States undertake to accord to each other the same privileges as they concede to any third State in regard to the matters referred to herein. General regulations regarding the relations between the Customs authorities and aircraft are given in the Annex, which is to be regarded as an integral part of this Convention. XXXVIII. An aircraft, together with the crew, passengers and goods which it carries shall, subject to the provisions of this Convention, conform to the laws and other regulations in force in regard to air navigation, Customs, taxes and the movement of persons and goods in the country in which the aircraft finds itself, as also to such other laws and regulations as may affect the matter in question. XXXIX. In case of war the provisions of this Convention shall in no way limit the freedom of action of the Contracting States in their capacity as belligerents or as neutrals. XL. Disputes between the Contracting States affecting the interpretation or application of this Convention and of the Annexes thereto, shall, if they cannot be settled by direct negotiations, be referred for decision to the Permanent Court of International Justice instituted by the League of Nations. XLI. This Convention shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be exchanged as early as possible at Copenhagen. The Convention shall come into force with effect from the date of the exchange of ratifications. It may be denounced at six months' notice from either side. XLII. Iceland shall be entitled to adhere to this Convention. Her adherence shall be effected by means of a notification to the Danish Ministry for Foreign Affairs, which shall inform the Norwegian Government accordingly. In faith whereof the respective Plenipotentiaries have signed the present Convention and have thereto affixed their seals. Done at Copenhagen in duplicate on the 27th July, 1921. [Annexes not printed.] ECUADOREAN LAW concerning Foreigners, Extradition and Naturalisation.-Quito, October 18, 1921. (Translation.*) THE Congress of the Republic of Ecuador, Decrees: The following Law of Foreigners, Extradition and Naturalisation : Chapter I.-Foreigners. ART. 1. Foreigners in Ecuador are those persons who are not included in the cases stipulated in Chapter 3 of the Political Constitution of the State. 2. Foreigners are resident or transient. 3. The following are residents : (1.) Those who in an express manner and by writing shall declare before the local authority their desire to become residents. This authority shall be the Chiefs of Police in the capitals of provinces, the Commissioners in the chief towns of the cantons, and the Political Lieutenants in the parishes. The Commissioners and Political Lieutenants shall send at the earliest opportunity to the respective Chief of Police a report of the corresponding declaration. A Register of Foreigners, in which shall be shown the declarations of domicile, shall be kept at the offices of the Chiefs of Police. (2.) Those who, without an express declaration, show their intention of staying and residing in the country. 4. Any of the following or analogous circumstances signify presumptive intention of staying and are therefore a proof of residence : (1.) Voluntary and continuous residence in the territory of the Republic for more than one year, without holding an appointment under a foreign Government; (2.) Residence, together with the possession of landed property; For original Spanish text, see the "Official Gazette" of Ecuador, No. 344, November 7, 1921. + Vol. CIV, page 918. (3.) Residence, together with the fact of carrying on trade, with an established business or any other industry which could not be termed as transitory; (4.) Residence, together with the practice of a profession during a period of six months; (5.) By marriage with an Ecuadorean woman, and residence in the country during a period of six months; and (6.) By carrying out in Ecuador the duties of a post, commission or employment under the Government of Ecuador, or by the fact of having concluded a contract with the Government which would necessitate residence in the territory of the Republic. 5. Foreigners who are not resident shall be regarded as transient. 6. For the purposes of Article 10 of the Constitution, the sons of Ecuadorean Diplomatic Agents abroad, persons born on board Government vessels in any port, and those born on board merchant ships at sea, are regarded, in accordance with international law, as born in Ecuadorean territory. Chapter II.-Rights and Duties of Foreigners. 7. Foreigners enjoy in Ecuador, in accordance with the Constitution and laws, the same civil rights as nationals, and the guarantees stipulated in the Fundamental Charter, except such as might be exclusively reserved thereby for Ecuadoreans. The enjoyment of the civil rights granted to foreigners according to this Article does not extend to the privileges which Ecuadorean laws confer exclusively on nationals, nor to the differences established as regards the enjoyment of the said rights between transients and residents. 8. Foreigners are subject to Ecuadorean laws without exception by the fact of entering the country, and are, therefore, subject to the Constitution, laws, jurisdiction and police of the Republic, and the fact of their being foreigners shall not prevail against the aforesaid Constitution, laws, jurisdiction and police. 9. Foreigners are subject in Ecuador to the same duties as Ecuadorean citizens. with the exception of military service and of such obligations from which they may be exempted by treaties, or, in the absence of these, by international law. 10. They are not required to serve in case of war, unless in exceptional cases recognised by international law. But in case of international war, or internal movement, foreigners are, except in the cases stipulated in treaties. subject, like Ecuadoreans, to the laws of security, police and public order, and to the uses which the Executive may make |