boots, shoes, slippers, or wares when made, wrought up or manufactured, or do or wilfully permit any other act, whereby to lessen the value of such or any part of such gloves, breeches, leather, skins, parings or shreads of gloves, or leather, boots, shoes, slippers or other wares last particularized, either before or after the same shall be respectively so made into wares.” Sect. 5. Receivers subject to the same penalties.

Sect. 6. "To prevent oppression of the labourers and workmen employed in any respect in or about making or manufacturing of gloves, breeches, boots, shoes, slippers, wares or goods of that sort before mentioned;" "all goods and materials delivered out to be wrought up in the manufacture last mentioned shall be delivered with a declaration at the same time of the true weight, quantity, or tale thereof, on pain that every offender shall forfeit and pay to such labourer, manufacturer, or worker, double the value of what shall be due for such work by him, her or them done and performed; and if any such labourer, manufacturer, or worker, as is last described, shall be guilty of any fraud, abuse, neglect, or default in the work by him, her or them undertaken to be done, then such labourer, manufacturer, or worker shall allow and answer to the owner of such work double the damages thereby sustained." Sects. 7 and 8 repealed, 38 & 39 Vict. c. 86, s. 17; see ante, p. 201.

Sect. 9. Appeal to quarter sessions.

Sect. 10. No person by virtue of recited or this act to suffer the punishment therein directed twice for one and the same fact and offence.

Sect. 11. Acts 1 Ann. st. 2, s. 22, and this act, to extend to Scotland.

15 GEO. 2, c. 27.

An Act for the more effectual preventing any Cloth or Woollen Goods remaining upon the Rack or Tenters, or any Woollen Yarn or Wooll left out to dry, from being stolen or taken away in the Night-time.

Sect. 1. Recites that "clothiers and others concerned in the woollen manufacture are under a necessity of letting their cloth and other woollen goods remain upon the rack or tenters; as also of suffering their wooll to lie exposed in the night-time, in order the better to dry and prepare the same, whereby their said goods are more frequently liable to be stolen by wicked and evil designing persons, who are encouraged in their wickedness by the difficulty of proving the identity of the goods stolen," and therefore "to secure the property of such clothiers

and others concerned in the woollen manufacture, and to facilitate a discovery of such goods so stolen," in case "any cloth or woollen goods remaining upon the rack and tenters, or any woollen yarn or wooll left out to dry, shall be stolen or taken away in the night-time," empowers justices to issue search warrants, and constables to apprehend suspected persons found in possession of such goods, and carry them before justices; "and if the said person or persons so suspected, apprehended and carried before the said justice or justices shall not then and there give a satisfactory account how he, she or they acquired the property or possession of such cloth, woollen goods, woollen yarn, or wooll, or shall not, within some convenient time to be set by the said justice or justices, produce the party or parties of whom he, she or they received the same, or some other credible witness to depose upon oath such property or right the possession of the said cloth, woollen goods, woollen. yarn or wooll (which oath the said justice or justices is and are hereby empowered to administer), that the said person or persons so suspected, and not giving such satisfactory account, nor producing any such witness upon oath to testify as aforesaid, shall be deemed and adjudged as convicted of the said offence of stealing or taking away the said cloth, woollen goods, woollen yarn, or wooll, and shall for the first offence forfeit and pay to the owner of such cloth, woollen goods, woollen yarn or wooll, treble the value thereof," to be levied by distress, and in default of distress imprisonment for three months or until payment. Second offence six months' imprisonment besides penalty. Third offence indictable as a felony.

Sect. 2. Appeal from summary conviction to quarter sessions.

Sect. 3. "This act shall not extend to alter or repeal any law now in force for the punishment of any person or persons stealing or receiving such cloth, woollen goods, woollen yarn, or wooll, except in such cases where the proof is laid upon the offender or offenders as aforesaid."

22 GEO. 2, c. 27.

An Act for the more effectual preventing of Frauds and Abuses committed by Persons employed in the Manufacture of Hats, and in the Woollen, Linnen, Fustian, Cotton, Iron, Leather, Furr, Hemp, Flax, Mohair, and Silk Manufactures; and for preventing unlawful combinations of Journeymen Dyers and Journeymen Hot Pressers, and of all Persons employed in the said several Manufactures, and for the better Payment of their Wages (ƒ).

Sect. 1. Recites several provisions of 13 Geo. 2, c. 8 (g), and that penalties and forfeitures are insufficient, and that many persons employed in the making of felts or hats, and in preparing or working up the manufactures of furr, hemp, flax, mohair and silk, and also the manufactures made up of wooll, furr, hemp, flax, mohair, cotton, or silk, or some of them mixed one with another, have of late been guilty of divers frauds and abuses by purloining, imbezilling, secreting, selling, pawning, exchanging, or otherwise unlawfully disposing of the materials with which they have been entrusted; and it is therefore become necessary to make provision for preventing such offences for the future." Therefore, for amending and rendering more effectual the 13 Geo. 2, and for extending the provisions and regulations therein and herein made to the several manufactures hereinbefore mentioned forfeitures and penalties are imposed, "if any person or persons whatsoever who shall be hired or employed to make any felt or hat, or to prepare or work up any woollen, linnen, fustian, cotton, iron, leather, furr, hemp, flax, mohair, or silk manufactures, or any manufactures made up of wooll, furr, hemp, flax, cotton, mohair, or silk, or of any of the said materials mixed one with another, shall . . . purloin, imbezzil, secrete, sell, pawn, exchange, or otherwise unlawfully dispose of any of the materials with which he, she or they shall be respectively entrusted, whether the same or any part thereof be, or be not, first wrought, made up, manufactured or converted into merchantable wares."

(f) So much repealed by 14 Geo. 3, c. 44, as subjects any person to any punishment for reeling short yarn, and fresh provisions; punishments altered, 17 Geo. 3, c. 56; provisions of, as to recovery of wages, extended to cutlery, 57 Geo. 3, c. 115, and to colliers, 57 Geo. 3, c. 122; application of penalties altered, 58 Geo. 3, c. 51; so much as extended provisions of 12 Geo. 1 to persons therein mentioned, repealed,

6 Geo. 4, c. 129 and 9 Geo. 4, c. 31 (as to England), and 9 Geo. 4, c. 74 (as to India); repealed, as to the payment of wages in goods, 1 & 2 Will. 4, c. 36; as to England, so far as relates to the woollen, linen, cotton, flax, mohair and silk manufactures, or any manufactures of those materials, by 6 & 7 Vict. c. 40. Sections 3, 10 and 11 repealed, Statute Law Rev. Acts, 1867, 1871. (g) See ante, p. 211.

Sect 2. Penalties and forfeitures for buying or receiving any of the materials from persons known to be hired or employed, and without consent of employers, or for buying or receiving materials knowing them to be so purloined or embezzled. Sect. 3. Repealed.

Sect. 4. Power to justices to grant warrants to search houses of convicted persons, and for seizure and disposal of property if not proved to have been honestly and lawfully acquired.

Sect. 5. Notice to be given to the convict of property seized, and if detained in prison he is to be brought before justices in order to prove the property.

Sect. 6. Appeal to sessions.

Sect. 7. Penalty on persons entrusted with materials before mentioned to work up, not returning unused materials within a certain time (h).

Sect. 8. Justices empowered to issue warrant, and to hear and determine complaints.

Sect. 9. Repealed (i).

Sects. 10 and 11. Repealed.

Sect. 12. Recites several clauses of 12 Geo. 1, c. 34, inter alia, that "if any wooll comber, weaver, servant, or person hired, retained or employed in the said art or mystery, shall wilfully damnify, spoil or destroy (without the consent of the owner) any of the goods, wares or work committed to his care or charge, or wherewith he shall be entrusted, such offender, being thereof convicted, shall forfeit and pay to the owner or owners of such goods or wares so damnified, spoiled or destroyed, double the value thereof, to be levied by distress and sale of the offender's goods and chattels, by warrant or warrants under the hands and seals of any two or more justices of the peace within their respective jurisdictions; and for want of sufficient distress, such justices shall commit the party or parties offending to the house of correction, there to be kept to hard labour for any time not exceeding three months, or until satisfaction be made to the party or parties aggrieved for the same" (k) and it also recites the right of appeal given by the statute; and "that it is necessary that the said several provisions and regulations in the said last in part recited act should be extended to journeymen dyers, journeymen hot pressers, and all other persons employed in the woollen manufactures of this kingdom, and also to journeymen, servants, workmen, and

(h) For twenty-one days, fixed by this statute, eight days were substituted by 17 Geo. 3, c. 56, s. 7; and punishment made same as for embezzlement.

(i) This section provided for the punishment of person employed procuring or permitting himself to be

employed for another master before completing work. This provision was repealed and fresh provisions substituted by 17 Geo. 3, c. 56, s. 8, in its turn repealed by the Conspiracy and Protection of Property Act,

1875.

(k) See ante, p. 210.

labourers employed in the making of felts or hats, and in the manufactures of silk, mohair, furr, hemp, flax, linnen, cotton, fustian, iron and leather, or any manufactures made up of wooll, furr, hemp, flax, cotton, mohair, or silk, or of any of the said materials mixed up one with another;" and enacts that the said several before-recited clauses in the act 12 Anne, and all the provisions, regulations, pains, penalties and forfeitures therein contained shall "extend and be construed, deemed and adjudged to extend to journeymen dyers, journeymen hot pressers, and all other persons whatsoever employed in or about any of the woollen manufactures of this kingdom, and also to journeymen, servants, workmen, and labourers, and all other persons whatsoever employed in the making of felts or hats, or in or about any of the manufactures of silk, mohair, furr, hemp, flax, linnen, cotton, fustian, iron or leather, or in or about any manufactures made up of wooll, furr, hemp, flax, cotton, mohair, or silk, or of any of the said materials mixed one with another, in as full and ample manner as the said provisions, regulations, pains, penalties and forfeitures are by the said last-mentioned act declared to extend to the several and respective persons therein named."

27 GEO. 2, c. 7.

An Act for the more effectual preventing of Frauds and Abuses committed by Persons employed in the Manufacture of Clocks and Watches.

Sect. 1. Recites "that many persons employed in the making of clocks and watches have of late been guilty of divers frauds and abuses by purloining, imbezzilling, secreting, selling, pawning, or otherwise unlawfully disposing of the clocks and watches, or such parts thereof, or the materials for making the same with which they have been intrusted, to the great loss of their employers; and the laws in being have been found insufficient to prevent such frauds and abuses, and to punish the offender" and enacts, "that if any person or persons whatsoever, who shall be hired or employed by any person or persons practising the trade or trades of clockmaking or watchmaking, or any part or branch, or parts or branches of such trade or trades, to make, provide, alter, repair or clean any clock or clocks, watch or watches, or any part or parts of a clock or clocks, watch or watches, or be intrusted by any person or persons practising the said trade or trades, with any gold, silver, or other metal or material, to be, or that shall be, in the whole or in part wrought or manufactured for any part or parts of a clock or clocks, watch or watches, or any diamond or other precious stone, to be, or that shall be, set or fixed in or