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ARTICLE 25

This Treaty shall remain in force indefinitely, but may be denounced by any High Contracting Party by a notification in writing to the Pan American Union, which shall inform all the other High Contracting Parties of each notification of denunciation received. After the expiration of two years from the date of the receipt by the Pan American Union of a notification of denunciation by any High Contracting Party, the present Treaty shall cease to be in force and with respect to such State, but shall remain in full force and effect with respect to all the other High Contracting Parties.

ARTICLE 26

The principles and fundamental provisions of this Treaty shall be incorporated in the Organic Pact of the Inter-American System.

In witness whereof, the undersigned Plenipotentiaries, having deposited their full powers found to be in due and proper form, sign this Treaty on behalf of their respective Governments, on the dates appearing opposite their signatures.

Done in the city of Rio de Janeiro, in four texts respectively in the English, French, Portuguese and Spanish languages, on the second of September nineteen hundred forty-seven.

RESERVATION OF HONDURAS (INCLUDED AT THE END OF THE TREATY)

The Delegation of Honduras, in signing the present Treaty and in connection with Article 9, section (b), does so with the reservation that the boundary between Honduras and Nicaragua is definitely demarcated by the Joint Boundary Commission of nineteen hundred and nineteen hundred and one, starting from a point in the Gulf of Fonseca, in the Pacific Ocean, to Portillo de Teotecacinte and, from this point to the Atlantic, by the line that His Majesty the King of Spain's arbitral award established on the 23d of December 1906.

RESERVATION MADE BY GUATEMALA AT THE TIME OF RATIFYING THE INTER-AMERICAN TREATY OF RECIPROCAL ASSISTANCE AND ACCEPTED BY THE OTHER CONTRACTING STATES

"The present Treaty constitutes no impediment preventing Guatemala from asserting its rights with respect to the Guatemalan territory of Belize by any means which it may deem most advisable; and this Treaty may be invoked at any time by the Republic with respect to the aforementioned territory."

(The Government of Guatemala under date of September 1, 1954, made a formal declaration to the effect that such reservation is not intended to constitute any alteration of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance and that Guatemala is disposed to act always within the limits of the international agreements which it has accepted.)

OTHER RESERVATIONS OR STATEMENTS SUBMITTED WITH INSTRUMENTS OF RATIFICATION

Statement of Ecuador:

The Republic of Ecuador signs this Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance without reservation, because it understands that other instruments and the principles of international law do not obstruct the revision of treaties, whether by agreement between the Parties or by the other peaceful means sanctioned by international law itself.

Reservation of Nicaragua:

The Delegate of Nicaragua, on signing the present Treaty, and in connection with the reservation made by the Delegation of Honduras when signing it, and with the provisions of article 9, paragraph b, does so with the reservation that the frontier between Nicaragua and Honduras is not definitively demarcated, from the point known as Portillo de Teotecacinte to the Atlantic Ocean, by reason of the Royal Award enunciated by His Majesty the King of Spain on the twentythird day of December of the year One Thousand Nine Hundred and Six having been impugned and protested by Nicaragua as nonexistent, null and void. Consequently, the signing of this Treaty by Nicaragua shall not be alleged as an acceptance of any arbitral decisions which Nicaragua has impugned and the validity of which has not been determined.

STATEMENTS MADE AS PART OF THE FINAL ACT OF THE RIO CONFERENCE IN CONNECTION WITH THE INTER-AMERICAN TREATY OF RECIPROCAL ASSISTANCE

Statement of Argentina:

The Argentine Delegation declares that within the waters adjacent to the South American Continent, along the coasts belonging to the Argentine Republic in the Security Zone, it does not recognize the existence of colonies or possessions of European countries and it adds that it especially reserves and maintains intact the legitimate titles and rights of the Argentine Republic to the Falkland (Malvinas) Islands, the South Georgia Islands, the South Sandwich Islands, and the lands included in the Argentine Antarctic sector, over which the Republic exercises the corresponding sovereignty.

Statement of Guatemala:

Guatemala wishes to place on record that it does not recognize any right of legal sovereignty of Great Britain over the territory of Belize, called British Honduras, included in the Security Zone, and that once again, it expressly reserves its rights, which are derived from the Constitution of the Republic, historical documents, juridical arguments and principles of equity which have on appropriate occasions been laid before the universal conscience.

Statement of Mexico:

Only because the Delegation of Guatemala has seen fit to make the preceding declaration, the Delegation of Mexico finds it necessary to

reiterate that, in case there should occur a change in the status of Belize, there cannot fail to be taken into account the rights of Mexico to a part of the said territory, in accordance with historical juridical precedents.

Statement of Chile:

The Delegation of Chile declares that, within the waters adjacent to the South American Continent, in the extension of coast belonging to the Republic of Chile, comprised within the Security Zone, it does not recognize the existence of colonies or possessions of European countries and it adds that it specially reserves and maintains intact the legitimate title and rights of the Republic of Chile to the lands included in the Chilean Antarctic zone, over which the Republic exercises the corresponding sovereignty.

Statement of the United States of America:

With reference to the reservations made by other Delegations concerning territories located within the region defined in the Treaty, their boundaries, and questions of sovereignty over them, the Delegation of the United States of America wishes to record its position that the Treaty of Rio de Janeiro has no effect upon the sovereignty, national or international status of any of the territories included in the region defined in Article 4 of the Treaty.

Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance
(Rio Treaty)*

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All states listed herein signed the Treaty on September 2, 1947, with exception of those indicated in the notes.

1/ Signed November 8, 1982 at Rio de Janeiro

2/ Signed November 10, 1949 at Rio de Janeiro; declaration made at the time of ratification, with the declaration made at the time of signature

3/ Reservation made at the time of ratification

4/ Reservation made at the time of ratification, with the reservation made at the time of signature

5/ Signed October 15, 1948; reservation made at the time of ratification, with the reservation made at the time of signature

6/ Signed April 6, 1967 at Rio de Janeiro

*Source: Inter-American Treaties and Conventions, Treaty Series No. 9, General Secretariat, OAS, Washington, D.C. Entry into Force: December 3, 1948, in accordance with Article 22 of the Treaty

Protocol of Amendment to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, 1975 (Not in Force)

PROTOCOL OF AMENDMENT TO THE INTER-AMERICAN TREATY OF RECIPROCAL ASSISTANCE (RIO TREATY)

PREAMBLE

The High Contracting Parties represented at the Conference of Plenipotentiaries, meeting in the city of San José, Costa Rica, upon convocation by the Fifth Regular Session of the General Assembly of the Organization of American States, for the purpose of taking decisions on the amendments to the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance presented by the Special Committee to Study the InterAmerican System and to Propose Measures for Restructuring It; of revising and coordinating the texts; and of preparing a Protocol of Amendment to that Treaty and signing it;

CONSIDERING:

That the High Contracting Parties are motivated by the desire to consolidate and strengthen their friendly relations, to ensure peace among the American States and to defend their sovereignty, their territorial integrity and their political independence;

That it is essential that peace and security among the American nations be guaranteed by an instrument that is in accordance with the history and principles of the Inter-American System;

That the High Contracting Parties wish to reiterate their will to remain united in an inter-American System consistent with the purposes and principles of the United Nations, and their steadfast decision to maintain regional peace and security through the prevention and settlement of conflicts and disputes that could endanger them; to reaffirm and strengthen the principle of nonintervention as well as the right of all states to choose freely their political, economic and social organization; and to recognize that, for the maintenance of peace and security in the Hemisphere, it is also necessary to guarantee collective economic security for the development of the American States; and

That the Preamble of the Inter-American Treaty of Reciprocal Assistance, signed in Rio de Janeiro on September 2, 1947, insofar as it is compatible with this Protocol, shall be maintained because of its intrinsic value and is therefore reproduced below:

In the name of their Peoples the Governments represented at the Inter-American Conference for the Maintenance of Continental Peace and Security, desirous of consolidating and

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