DIPLOMACY AFFECTING CANADA.

1782-1899.

A CHAPTER OF CANADIAN HISTORY.

BY

THOMAS HODGINS, Q. C.,

FORMERLY SCHOLAR IN CIVIL POLITY AND HISTORY,
UNIVERSITY OF TORONTO.

WITH MAPS.

“Thou who didst build up this Brittannick Empire to a glorious and enviable
heighth, with all her Daughter Lands about her, stay us in this felicitie." JOHN

MILTON.

“This will sometime hence be a vast Empire, the seat of power and learning.
Nature has refused it nothing; and there will grow a people out of our little spot,
England, that will fill this vast space.”—GENERAL WOLFE.

Toronto:

"THE ROWSELL-HUTCHISON PRESS."
THE PUBLISHERS' SYNDICATE LIMITED.

PREFATORY NOTE.

THE HE substance of the earlier pages of this little work appeared as an Article on "Canada's Loss by the Treaty of Independence," with incidental references to some later Treaties, in an English Review in 1898, a few months before the Joint High Commission assembled in Quebec to adjust the International differences respecting the Fisheries, Trade-Reciprocity, and other matters, between Canada and the United States.

The assumed, but it is to be hoped temporary, failure of the long continued negotiations of the Joint High Commission, has suggested that fuller details of the diplomatic and international incidents, and of the legislative and political acts which have, from time to time, indicated certain lines of policy on the part of the United States affecting the many boundary and fishery disputes, commercial intercourse, and carryingtrade facilities, between Canada and that country, would be of practical utility at the present time.

The compilation and systematic arrangement of these international incidents, and political lines of policy, have necessitated a more exhaustive investigation of the abundant materials contained in State Papers, and other public documents; and have therefore involved very extensive additions to the original Article, so that the present publication is practically a new work.

In making selections from State Papers, and other standard authorities, care has been taken to present accurate statements of the matters discussed, so as to enable readers to realize how the British and American Diplomacy of past years has affected

PREFATORY NOTE.

THE HE substance of the earlier pages of this little work appeared as an Article on "Canada's Loss by the Treaty of Independence," with incidental references to some later Treaties, in an English Review in 1898, a few months before the Joint High Commission assembled in Quebec to adjust the International differences respecting the Fisheries, Trade-Reciprocity, and other matters, between Canada and the United States.

The assumed, but it is to be hoped temporary, failure of the long continued negotiations of the Joint High Commission, has suggested that fuller details of the diplomatic and international incidents, and of the legislative and political acts which have, from time to time, indicated certain lines of policy on the part of the United States affecting the many boundary and fishery disputes, commercial intercourse, and carryingtrade facilities, between Canada and that country, would be of practical utility at the present time.

The compilation and systematic arrangement of these international incidents, and political lines of policy, have necessitated a more exhaustive investigation of the abundant materials contained in State Papers, and other public documents; and have therefore involved very extensive additions to the original Article, so that the present publication is practically a new work.

In making selections from State Papers, and other standard authorities, care has been taken to present accurate statements of the matters discussed, so as to enable readers to realize how the British and American Diplomacy of past years has affected