August, Two ships, the "Anne" and the "Little James," the latter of fortyfour tons, having been built for the colony, remain at Plymouth. September, Captain Gorges, son of Sir Ferdinando, Mr. Morrell, an Episcopal Minister, with others arrive and select a site at Wessa gusset for settlement. William Blackstone removes from Plymouth to Shawmut, Mass. Abundant harvest at Plymouth, eliminating the threatened danger of starvation of the Pilgrim inhabitants of the Plymouth Colony. New Hampshire settled at Dover and Portsmouth. Gorges and Mason establish a settlement at the mouth of the Piscataqua in New Hampshire, calling the place Little Harbor, and another settlement farther up the river. Permanent settlement made at Saco, Maine. Colony founded and permanent settlement made at Albany, New York. 1624 March 24, The ship, "Charity," brings a supply of clothing and a bull and three heifers, first neat cattle imported into New England. A company of Pilgrims settle at Cape Ann, Massachusetts. Gorges procures a patent from the Plymouth Council for twenty-four thousand acres of land on each side of the Agamenticus (York) River, Maine, and plants a colony. Population of Plymouth Colony is 180 and number of dwelling houses thirtytwo. A substantial fort, a vessel of forty-four tons, many small boats, large tracts of land under cultivation, enclosures for cattle, etc., mark the progress of four years. Captain Robert Gorges returns to England early in the spring. A few settlers of the families who came from Weymouth, England, remain at Wessa gusset, Mass., and the name is changed to Weymouth. Settlement commenced at Cape Ann, Mass., with the intention of connecting the settlement with the fishing interests. Cornelius J. May, Governor of New York, under the Dutch. 'Peter Minuit, Governor of New Netherlands, N. J. Dissolution of the Virginia London Company. 1625 Captain Wollaston with a party of about thirty others commence a settlement at a place they called Mount Wollaston (now Quincy), Massachusetts. Bristol, Maine, settled by the French. Peter Minuit and William Verhulst, Governors of the New York Colony. Contrabands of War, a term supposed to have been used or employed in the treaty of Southampton, between England and Spain about this time. Charles I recognized King of the English colonies in America. Roger Conant chosen Governor of the Cape Ann settlement. 1626 May 4, Peter Minuit, Dutch Governor of the New York colony. Main settled by the English. Sir George Yeardly, Colonial Governor of Virginia. The New Plymouth colony erects a trading house at Penobscot, the first English establishment of the kind in these sections. Abraham Shurte commissioned by Giles Elbridge and Robert Aldsworth to purchase Monhegan Island, which is added to the Penaquid Plantation, over which Shurte acts as agent and chief magistrate for thirty years. Thomas Morton, on the departure of Wollaston, takes charge and changes the name to Merry Mount (Massachusetts). Robert Conant removes from the settlement at Cape Ann, Mass., to Naumkega (now Salem.) 1627 Plymouth Colony establishes an outpost on Buzzards Bay, Mass., and friendly commerce begins with the Dutch at New Amsterdam. Francis West, Colonial Governor of Virginia. Lord Baltimore purchases a part of Newfoundland with the intention of colonization. Claiborne given authority by Virginia to explore the Chesapeake Bay and its vicinity. 1628 January, Partnership of Merchants and Colonists being unprofitable and the community system failing, eight colonists of Plymouth buy of the London partners their interests for $9,000 in nine annual installments. The community system is abandoned, a division of movable property made, and twenty acres of land near the town is assigned in fee to each colonist. March 4, Charter granted to the Massachusetts Bay Colony by Charles I. of England. Mar. 19, Reverend John White, a Puritan minister of Dorchester, England, with others, obtains a patent, conveying to them a section of New England between the Merrimac River on the north and the Charles River on the south, and every part thereof in Massachusetts Bay, and in length between the described breadth, from the Atlantic Ocean to the South Sea. May 30, John Endicott appointed Governor of the new colony "until themselves should come over. June 20, John Endicott, with wife and children and about fifty others, embarks in the ship "Abigail' from England for Massachusetts. June, Plymouth people admonish Thomas Morton, of "Merry Mount," and finally they send Captain Miles Standish with some aid." Morton's followers are disarmed and dispersed without bloodshed. He is conducted to Plymouth and from there sent to England. The "Petition of Rights and Liberties.'' Patent granted Governor Winthrop by the Plymouth Council. Salem, Massachusetts, permanently settled under Governor John Endicott. The Earl of Sterling granted land by the Council of New England. The territory included a part of Long Island opposite the Connecticut coast. The Reform Dutch Church established in New Amsterdam, N. Y. 1629 April 30, John Endicott, Governor of Massachusetts. (By the Royal Charter, which passed the seals March 4, 1628-9, Matthew Craddock was appointed the first Governor and Thomas Goffe, Deputy-Governor, both of whom had held the same office before the charter was granted. On the 13th of the following May, the me persons were re-elected under the charter, but they never came to New England. On the 20th of October, 1629, John Winthrop was chosen Governor and John Humphrey, Deputy-Governor. On the 30th of April, John Endicott as chosen in London to be Governor of the plantations in New England and eld the office until the arrival of Governor Winthrop in 1630.) May, Several vessels leave England for Salem, Mass., bringing food, arms, tools, and 140 cattle. This second company numbers sixty women, twenty-six children, and 300 men among whom is the Reverend Francis Higginson. June 24, Ralph Richards and William Sprague, with others, commence a settlement at Mishamems (now Charlestown), Massachusetts. August 20, John Winthrop chosen Governor and Thomas Dudley, LieutenantGovernor of the Massachusetts Colony. Aug., Transfer of the government of the Massachusetts Colonies from London to New England. Aug., Church established at Salem, Massachusetts. November 7, Mason, having agreed with Gorges to make the Piscataqua the divisional line, takes from the Plymouth Council a patent of that portion lying between that river and the Merrimac and calls it New Hampshire. John Endicott, Acting Governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Charter received by the Massachusetts Bay Company. New Hampshire settlements continue. John and Samuel Brown, two members of the Massachusetts Bay Company, sent back to England by Governor Endicott as opposers of the church and advocators of Episcopacy. John Winthrop, Governor, and Thomas Dudley, Deputy-Governor, of Massachusetts. (Thomas Goffe, the first Deputy-Governor, never came to New England; John Humphrey was elected but did not serve.) John Potts and John Harvey, Colonial Governors of Virginia. 1630 March 17, Boston, Mass., founded. First house built by Governor Winthrop. April 8, Governor Winthrop, with Isaac Johnson and his wife, Lady Arabella Johnson, daughter of the Earl of Lincoln, sail in the "Arabella" from England for Massachusetts. June 12, Vessel with Governor Winthrop and party arrives at Salem, Massachusetts. July 25, Samuel Godyn, a director of the Dutch West India Company, purchases for the Dutch a tract of land from the natives at the mouth of the Delaware River. July, First church in Boston, Mass., third in order of time in the colony, at Charlestown, Massachusetts. August 25-Sept. 14, An expedition against the Pequods and Indians on Block Island is sent from Massachusetts by Governor Endicott, exasperating but not wholly subduing the Indians. Aug. 30, Lady Arabella Johnson dies at Salem, Massachusetts. October 19, First General Court meets at Boston, Massachusetts. Oct. 20, John Winthrop, Governor of Massachusetts colony. Seventeen ships arrive in Massachusetts Bay and at Plymouth during the year bringing about 1,500 immigrants to the colonies. Watertown, Mass., settled by Sir Richard Saltonstall. Roxbury, Mass., settled by William Pynchon. Newtown, Mass. (now Cambridge), settled by Dudley, Bradstreet, and others. Dorchester, Lynn and Boston, Mass., settled. Eight patents granted by the Plymouth Council, covering the Piscataqua to the Penobscot, Maine, except the territory of Sagadahoc, below the Damariscotta. Among these were the Kennebec "Lygonia" or plough patent, with settlements on Casco Bay, the "Waldo patent" and "Pemaquid." Connecticut granted to the Earl of Warwick for colonization. Maine settlements continue. Estimated population of Maine 400, New Hampshire 500, Massachusetts 1,300, New York 500, Connecticut 500, and of Virginia 3,000—a total estimated poplation of all the colonies about 5,700 inhabitants. 1631 February 5, A general fast appointed for Feb. 6. Ship "Lyon" arrives laden with provisions and brings twenty-six passengers, among them Roger Williams. March 19, The Earl of Warwick, President of the Plymouth council, grants to Lords Say and Seal, with others, territory in New England west from the Narragansett River one hundred miles on the coast, thence in breadth and latitude to the Pacific Ocean. March, Small settlement made at the Horn-kill (now Lewis, Delaware), just within the entrance of the Delaware River by David Patersen de Vries, and called Swanendale. May 16, Royal license given by King Charles to William Claiborne, one of the council and secretary of state of the Virginia Colony, to trade in all seas and lands in these parts of the English possessions in America for which there is not already a patent granted, with power to direct and govern all English subjects under his command in his voyages and discoveries. May 18, The second general court makes the Massachusetts colony a theocracy which lasts for half-century. November 2, Reverend John Eliot, distinguished later as the "Apostle of the Indians," arrives at Massachusetts Bay and becomes first teacher of the church at Roxbury, Massachusetts. December-January, 1630-31, Famine in the Massachusetts Bay Colony. Roger Williams appointed assistant to Mr. Skelton in the ministry at Salem, Mass., but, asserting his views of religious toleration, the independence of conscience, the civil magistrates, and the separation of church and state, he is obliged to withdraw to the Plymouth colony early in 1631. Sachem Wahquimacut, from the Connecticut River, visits Plymouth and Boston, Massachusetts, inviting the colonial governors to send settlers to the river. Champlain's history of New France first appears. The Company of Laconia, New Hampshire, divides their interests and Mason procures for himself a charter of Portsmouth. 1632 April 15, Sir George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, obtains from King Charles the promise of a grant of land, now Maryland, but dies before charter is executed and given. May 30, William Stoughton, Governor of Massachusetts Colony in 1694, born. June 20, Cecilus Calvert, Baron of Baltimore, in the Kingdom of Ireland, son of Lord Baltimore, receives from King Charles a grant of land covering territory hitherto unsettled, having for its southern boundary the Potomac from its source to its mouth, the ocean on the east and Delaware Bay north, thence from the 40th parallel to the meridian of the fountain of the Potomac. June 20, Maryland granted to Lord Baltimore. June, A French vessel visits the New Plymouth trading-house at Penobscot, Maine, and carries off booty of great value. The English abandon it to the French within three years. July 4, Boston, Massachusetts, made the capital of the Colony. October 25, Governor Winthrop, of Massachusetts, visits Plymouth. December 5, Colony at the mouth of the Delaware River destroyed by Indians -and the settlers killed. Governor Bradford, of the Plymouth colony resigns and Edward Winslow is chosen Governor. Fort begun at Boston, Massachusetts, on Corn-hill. A vessel of thirty tons built at Mystic called "Blessings of the Bay." Sir William Berkeley, commissioner of Canada. Crew of Indian traders turn pirates under Dixey Bull, attack the fort at Pena quid and menace and plunder the coast until the next summer when they are beaten off. The Roman Catholic Church in the Colonies is first established at Baltimore, Jaryland. 1633 January 1, Edward Winslow, Governor of Plymouth Colony. April, W. Van Twiller, Dutch Governor of New Netherlands. July 3, Virginians objecting to the grant to Lord Baltimore, the King refers their petition to the privy council, who declares "That the Lord Baltimore should be left to his patent and the other parties to the course of law." September, John Oldham, from Dorchester, Mass., visits Connecticut relative to settlements. October, William Holmes, of Plymouth, prepares the frame of a house with a board covering and embarks with it on a vessel, sails to the Connecticut River, passes a small Dutch fort, "The House of Good Hope," at Hartford, lands on the west bank, and erects the first English house in what is now Windsor, Connecticut. Towns of Portsmouth and Northam in New Hampshire laid out. A number of families from England settle on Dover Neck, New Hampshire, and build a fortified church. Salary of the Governor of Massachusetts Bay fixed at 150 pounds per annum. The ship Griffin" arrives with 200 passengers, some of them eminent men, as John Haynes, afterwards Governor of Massachusetts, John Cotton, and Samuel Stone. Small-pox destroys many of the Indians in Massachusetts. Ipswich, Massachusetts, settled. Scituate, Massachusetts, settled. Roger Williams returns to Salem, Mass., from Plymouth Colony. The English establish a trading house at Machias, Maine, but it is seized the next year by the French under Claud de la Tour, the commander at Port Royal. Portland, Maine, established. Hartford, Connecticut, founded. Connecticut settled at Windsor and Wethersfield. 1634 January, John Endicott cuts from the flag the red cross as being a "relic of antichrist and a Popish symbol" at Salem, Massachusetts. February 24, Colony, which was sent out by Lord Baltimore from Cowes in the Isle of Wight, England, under his brother Leonard Calvert, to settle in Maryland, arrives off Point Comfort, Virginia. March 27, John Calvert, at Point Comfort, Va., has an interview with Claiborne, in which he intimates that certain settlements of the latter on the Isle of Kent in Chesapeake Bay will be considered as part of the Maryland plantation. After the governor has explored the Potomac as far as Piscataway Creek, he returns to St. Georges River, and, sailing up to the Indian town of Yoamaco, makes a treaty with the tribe and sends for the colonists, who arrive and take peaceful possession, naming the place St. Marys. April 10, News received in Boston, Massachusetts of the creation of a colonial commission, the recall of the Massachusetts charter, and appointment of a gov ernor-general over the colonies by the English government. May 14, Thomas Dudley, Governor of Massachusetts. Thomas Prince, Governor of Plymouth Colony. Robert Ludlow, Deputy-Governor of the Massachusetts Colony. Anne Hutchinson, of Alford, England, with her husband, William, arrives in the Griffin." Richard Bellingham arrives in Boston, Massachusetts. August 2, Reverend Samuel Skelton dies at Salem, Mass. He was the first minister to die in New England. The Dutch at New Netherlands, with a small force, make a feeble attempt to rout the settlers. Reverend Thomas Hooker, of Newtown (now Cambridge, Mass.), advocates & new settlement on the Connecticut River. |