CHAPTER II.

RIGHTS OF INDEPENDENCE AND EQUALITY. Pp. 162-164.

I. Rights of Independence.

1. Free Choice, &c. of Government. 2. Territorial Inviolability. 3. Self-

Preservation. 4. Commerce. 5. Right of Acquisition. 6. Juris-

diction over Persons and Things within, and, by way of Exception,

without her Territory. Christian Strangers in Mahometan Territories.

Extradition of Criminals.

II. Limitation of foregoing Rights.

Doctrine of Intervention.

III. Rights of Equality.

1. Right of protecting Subjects abroad. 2. Rights to Recognition.
3. Right to external Marks of Honour. 4. Right to make Treaties.

CHAPTER III.

RIGHT TO A FREE CHOICE OF GOVERNMENT. P. 164.

TERRITORIAL INVIOLABILITY. NATIONAL POSSESSIONS. Pp. 165-167.

1. Rivers and Lakes. 2. Open Sea. 3. Narrow Seas. 4. British Seas. 5. Straits.

6. Portions of the Sea.

CHAPTER V.

PROPERTY OF A STATE. RIVERS. Pp. 167-194.

General Law respecting. Stipulations in the Treaty of Vienna as to free Navi-
gation of great Rivers. The Scheldt. The Rhine and Tributaries. The
Vistula. The Douro. The Danube. The Mississippi. The St. Lawrence.
The open Sea. Nootka Sound. The North Sea. Rights of Fishing.

CHAPTER VI.

NARROW SEAS, AS DISTINGUISHED FROM THE OCEAN. Pp. 194-200.

British Channel. Mare liberum of Grotius. Mare clausum of Selden. Hol-
land. William III. Sir L. Jenkins. Bynkershoek. Lord Stowell.

NARROW SEAS. STRAITS. Pp. 200-210.

British Channel. Great and Little Belt. Straits of Messina. Dardanelles.
Hellespont. Fisheries.

Rule of Territory within Marine League or Cannon shot. Hovering or Revenue
Laws. Landlocked Seas.

PECULIAR CASE OF THE ISTHMUS OF CENTRAL AMERICA. Pp. 218–225.

British Treaty with United States of North America. Question respecting

British Settlements in Honduras.

CHAPTER X.

SELF-PRESERVATION. Pp. 225-235.

Means of Security. National Safety. Lawful to prevent as well as repel Attack.

Rules and Illustrations. When Čonduct of individual Subjects implicates the

State. Doctrine of patientia and receptus.

RIGHT TO

CHAPTER XI.

A FREE DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL RESOURCES BY COMMERCE.

Pp. 235-237.

Former Claims of Spain and Portugal. Colonial Monopoly.

RIGHT OF ACQUISITION. Pp. 237–265.

Doctrine of―1. Possessio, and 2. Dominium acquisition. 1. Original. 2. De-

rivative. Different kinds of Original Acquisition: 1. Occupation; 2. Acces-

sion; 3. Prescription. Occupation, Elements of, in Discovery, Use. Settle-

ment. Illustrations. Extent of Occupation. The Middle Distance. Law

of Contiguity. Fluvial Accessions. Case of the Anna. Boundaries. Bull

of Alexander VI. Penn. Cabot. Falkland Islands. Treaty of Utrecht.

Oregon.

CHAPTER XIII.

PRESCRIPTION, DOCTRINE OF. Pp. 265-282.

Roman. Private. Public. International Law respecting it.

CHAPTER XIV.

DERIVATIVE ACQUISITION. Pp. 282--302.

1. Facto hominis. 2. Facto legis. Competent to a State to alienate Property.

When. Usufructuary and Patrimonial Dominions. Case of Norway in 1814.

International Transactions between State and Subjects, and State and other

States, distinguished. Sovereigns de facto and de jure. Doctrine of Trans-

ference or traditio. Modes of Transference considered: 1. Exchange; 2.

Cession; 3. Gift; Case of Louisiana; 4. Election of Sovereign; 5. Marriage

Contract; 6. Successio ab intestato; 7. Testamentary Disposition.

Servitutes Juris Gentium: 1. Servitus negativa; 2. Servitus affirmativa. As to

Persons. As to Places.

CHAPTER XVI

EXTINCTION OF DOMINION. Pp. 307–316.

Maxim of "Quibus modis acquirimus iisdem in contrarium actis omittimus."

Protests. Postliminium. Property becoming extra commercium.

CHAPTER XVII.

SLAVES AND THE SLAVE TRADE. Pp. 316-344.

Man not among the res positæ in commercio.

1. Slavery of the White Man. Captives in War. Barbary powers. Byn-
kershoek's Opinion. Lord Exmouth's Bombardment of Algiers.
Occupation of Algiers by France.

2. Slavery of the Dark or Coloured Man. Lord Stowell's Opinion in favour
of slavery. Slavery contrary to the Natural Law of Nations. Treaty of
Paris, 1814, as to the Slave Trade. Subsequent treaties. Catalogue of
existing Treaties on the subject. Case of the Queen v. De Serva. Cases
of Shanley v. Harvey; of Somerset the Negro; of Forbes v. Cochrane;
of Borcaut; of Francisque; of the Pole; of the Creole brig; of the
Slave of the the Spanish Merchant in France.

CHAPTER XVIII.

RIGHT OF JURISDICTION OVER PERSONS. Pp. 345–361.

1. Over Subjects. 2. Over Foreigners commorant in the Land. Native and
Naturalised citizens. Domiciled Persons. Naturalisation; Laws of dif-
ferent States respecting. Jurisdiction over Foreigners: Laws of differ-
ent States respecting.

CHAPTER XIX.

EXCEPTIONS TO THE TERRITORIAL RIGHT OF JURISDICTION. Pp. 361-379.

1. Christian Sojourners in Infidel Countries. Echells du Levant. British

Subjects in China.

2. Foreign Sovereigns.

3. Ambassadors.

4. Foreign Armies.

5. Foreign Ships: a. Ships of War; 6. Ships of Commerce; different Rules

respecting.

Cases of The Exchange, The Santissima Trinidad, The Prinz Frederic, The

Newton, The Forsattning.

CHAPTER XX.

RIGHTS OF JURISDICTION. PIRATES. Pp. 379-407.

That they are justiciable everywhere. Cases and Charges of Judges in Courts
of Admiralty. Letters of Marque and Privateers; when they are, and when
they are not, considered as Pirates by International Law. Treaties and private
Laws of States respecting Privateers. An abdicated Monarch cannot issue
Letters of Marque. Case in the Time of James II.

CHAPTER XXI.

RENVOI. EXTRADITION. Pp. 407–433.

1. The Right of a State to dismiss Foreigners. Renvoi.

2. The General Law as to the Obligation of a state to Surrender Foreigners.

Extradition.

3. Treaties of Extradition.

4. Statute Law of England on this Subject.

PART IV.

CHAPTER I.

INTERVENTION, PRINCIPLE OF. Pp. 433-483.

Analogous to Interdict and Injunction.

Opinion of Lord Bacon. Two Kinds of Intervention.

I. Sometimes, but rarely, in domestic Concerns of Foreign Nations.

a. When Institutions are inconsistent with the Peace and Safety

of other Nations.

6. Rights and Duties of a Guarantee.

2. Invitation of Belligerent Parties in a Civil War.

d. Protection of Reversionary Rights or Interest.

II. When Territorial Acquisitions of a State threaten the peace and Safety

of other States.

a. Balance of Power, a Corollary of the Principle of Self-Defence.

ß. Intervention on religious Grounds: when justifiable. Treaty

of Westphalia. Case of Christian Subjects in the Ottoman

Empire.

Justice of the War declared by England and France against Russia in 1854 to
be tried by Principles of International Law already laid down in this Work.