whose blood does not boil on hearing the sacred names of protection, humanity, and benevolence, pronounced by a government, stained with recent robberies, perfidies, and murders? by a goverment which does not cease sowing the seeds of discord and rebellion every where; by a government which has so lately before our eyes kindled a fire in the fairest part of the globe [alluding to Europe], whose provinces we have so recently seen inundated with streams of the blood of its inhabitants?-by a government, which has so basely forsaken its allies, by hastily withdrawing its troops from all those parts where any of the invincible battalions of Buonaparte made their appearance?-by a government whose friendship has proved so bapeful and ruinous to so many powerful Princes, and covered with mournfig and desolation the immense countries situated between the fertile banks of the Adige, and the frozen lakes of Bohemia?-by a government, lastly, 'which has so-long endeavoured to erect the throne of tyranny upon the spoils and tombs of all other nations, and which of late years, bas not even shrunk, in the face of the whole world, to adopt, as a basis of its machiavelian system of politics, the plan of perpetual war; a plan at which humanity shudders; a plan which poste"rity will record and hand down to our remotest descendants, as a memorable monument of the "ferocity and barbarity to which egotism and at thirst for monopoly can precipitate a nation which lents its ear to no voice, but that of its arrogant and unnatural avarice ?-Generous men of Lina! Let us fling far from us, with that contempt which they so well deserve, those infamous proclainations, with which the English General pretends to surprise the innate fidelity of our countrymen, who inhabit the banks of the river Plata. Let us look upon them as an insult to our honour, as an attempt against our happiness, and a plan directed to the destruction of our native land.— -Merchants! the, same men, who now pretend to have possessed themselves of Buenos Ayres, solely with a view of protecting our commerce, are the same who have precipitated it into a state of ruin, so prejudicial to your useful speculations, and to which you see it reduced. They are the same who commenced the present hostilities, by capturing three of the King's frigates, and blowing up another. They are the same who seized upon your defenceless ships peaceably navigating the seas, under a condence that the Spanish flag, which they displayed in the air, would protect them against all injuries from a nation with which we were not then at wat. A general indignation was manifested by all the Cabinets of

Europe; but even this was insufficient to induce those avaricious and cruel islanders to restore the treasures which they had so unjustly taken, with the blood of so many innocent victims.-" Spaniards! That perfidious nation which now pretends to appear to the inhabitants of Buenos Ayres, as of all others, the most humane, is the same which, not six years since, sent a squadron and an army before Cadiz, at a time when the plague reigned within its walls, spreading horror and destruction. The English Admiral, who, from his cabin windows, could feast his eyes with the spectacle of mountains of corpses, yet unburied, and the gloomy light of the funeral piles, yet had the courage to challenge our valiant chief to surrender, or to prepare himself to suffer all the rigours of the war. The commander of a Moorish corsair, having fallen in with a convoy, carrying victuals and medicines, at the expence of the Pope, to the city of Marseilles, then infested by destructive plague, not only refrained from capturing those ships, but spontaneously convoyed them to the port of their destination; and the English Admiral, on a similar occasion, threw balls and shells into Cadiz, with an intent of reducing it to a heap of ruins. Spaniards! Those who now publish a law at Buenos Ayres, enjoining slaves to obey their masters, are the same who fomented, and still continue to encourage, in the island of St. Domingo, the most atrocious rebellion recorded in the annals of nations. We have all witnessed that, while the sanguinary Dessalines, at the head of innumerable bands of assassins, marched along the coasts, with the murdering steel in one hand, and the incendiary torch in the other, with fire and sword, spreading desolation, destruction, and death wheresoever he went, an English squadron vigorously blockaded the capital, in or der that no one solitary victim might escape the African fury.-Indians! You who are such interesting objects of the tender care of our most amiable monarch! That nation, which has taken possession of Buenos Ayres, has ever treated the Aborigines of America and Asia with the most inhuman cruelty. When, in the course of the last century, they found it impracticable, by force of arms, to subjugate the brave inhabitants of the Floridas, they concluded a specious peace, and, during that peace, regaled them with, poisoned liquors and clothes, which caused death without number. Their East India Company has already extirpated the greatest number of the mild inhabitants of Malabar, Bengal, and Coromandel, and would extinpate them all by one single blow, if they re

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SUMMARY OF POLITICS. DOMINION OF THE SEAS,The motto, which I have chosen for the present sheet, and which, with the exception of one sentence, then inapplicable to my subject, I took upon a former occasion, would seem to have been written for a moment exactly like the present. The nation has recently seen Whigs abandoning their principles and becoming even worse than the worst of those, whom they had, for so many years, been combating; it has become sick of both parties; ail confidence in each, as a party, has been destroyed by the parties then selves; and, every where, the people are anxious to see arise another set of men, acting upon the principles described by the writer of the Preface to Lord Clarendon's History. But, of these principles, that of maintaining the Dominion of the Seas is, at this moment, of the most importance to us ; because, it is now evident to every man of common information, that, unless we maintain that dominion, we must, at no distant day, become the slaves of France. Νο answer has, any where, been given to what I have advanced upon the subject of this our maritime dominion. Those who appear to care not a straw for their own country more than for any other, or, indeed, who seem to love other countries much better than their own, have bestowed, in a style truly worthy of advocates of America, some pretty decent abuse upon me; but, from long experience, I know that that abuse will do no injury, except to my opponents and their cause. I know, that, upon this subject, I have the people with me; and I fear hot the abuse of all the hirelings in the metropolis, from whatever hand their hire may conte.--The reader will find two

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letters, in the subsequent pages of this Number, one applauding nie for what I have said upon the subject of maritime dominion, the other of a different tendency. and both containing a copy of the general order, given to our sea commanders, to search neutral ships, without distinction, for British seamen.--The writer of the last mentioned letter contends, that the order does not extend to national ships; but, E should be glad to hear give better reasons for his opinion than the one which he has advanced, namely, that the neutrei commander is to be required to pay the British seamen, so found, their wages, before they leave his ship; just as if sailors were not paid wages in ships of war, or “ na"tional ships," as well as in merchant ships! The order contains no exception whatever. It fully authorizes, and, indeed. commands, our naval commanders, to search: neutral ships of all descriptions, when they suspect them to have British seamen on board; and, though the Morning Chroncle so stoutly, and so eagerly, maintained, that Admiral Berkeley had no authority whatever to give the orders which he gave, it will be found that that officer, if it be attempted to censure him, will put bis censors to shame, and will have the voice of all tha sound part of the country with him. And here, let me observe, that Admiral Berkeley, who was on the side of the late ministry in parliament, was sent out to the American station by them, and, therefore, or e would have supposed them likely not to have been the first to condemn his conduct. But, as I have before observed, the whole of the Whig party, or, the far greater part of then, at least, appear, in all disputes between this country and any other, to Iave a

P.

become an appendage of France, unless we assert our right of sea dominion, and make peace upon that principle, whenever we do make peace, as this is my thorough convic

mons. The ministers having said, that they had no information upon the subject, he caught hold of the declaration, and expressed his happiness to hear, that the act, as represented, had received no authority from the king's ministers. How eager he was! It might have been worth the while of a member of parliament to inquire a little into the orders given to our naval commanders, before he thus, by clear implication, accused an admiral of having done an unwarrantable act.- Lord Stanhope, too, in the House of Peers, actually proposed to pass a resolution, declaring that England had no maritime rights which were not common to all nations. The peers put this aside by a vote for the order of the day, upon the ground of its being improper to pass mere abstract propositions; but, in my opinion, they should have met the question, and given a direct negative to the proposition. This might have saved them some trouble, too; for they must negative this proposition, or some one similar to it, in direct terms, if it be again brought forward. The next session of parliament will, upon this account, be a very interesting one, for then these matters must be discussed. Then we shall see, who are for maintaining the sovereignty of the seas, and who are not; and, I have not the least hesitation in predicting, that the nation, I mean the people in general, of all ranks and degrees, will be on the side of those who are for maintaining that sovereignty. I fear, that the ministers, for the sake of Hanover, will be ready to give it up; but, my fears may, possibly, be groundless; and, if I should have to applaud the maintaining of our ancient maritime dominion, and the restoration of that valuable honour, the honour of the flag, 'my applause will not be the less unqualified, or the less readily and heartily bestowed, because it will be bestowed upon Mr. Canning and Mr. Perceval and others, whose principles and conduct, I have, in other cases, reprobated. I am for the men, be they who they may, who will save the country, from the assaults of the enemy and from public robbers; but, first of all, from the assaults of the enemy, because, without that, all our efforts for effecting internal reformation are useless; and, as I am thoroughly convinced, as I think it alraust self-evident, that this country must

taining that dominion Our power upon the waves enables us to dictate the terms, upon which the ships of all nations shall navigate. We may hold the key to the Baltic, the key to the Mediterranean, the key to India and to China. We have it in our power to make all countries which are under the dominion of France purchase their foreign commodities at a price ten times as great as that which they now pay. We have it in our power to cut off all communication between the several nations by sea. The Americans, who have succeeded the Dutch in milking the cow while others are fighting for her horns, we shall, I hope, compel to render to us a good portion of each meal of milk. Not a sail should be hoisted, except by stealth, without paying us tribute. This," some persons will tell us, "would "be to proclaim eternal war." But, my opinion is, that it is the only possible way of obtaining any thing worthy of the name of peace. The consequence of such a system would be, that the nations of Europe, and especially the maritime nations, would be driven to a state of desperation that must produce internal troubles, in the course of a very few years; for, as to their hatred of us, and their hostility against us, we have, upon that score, nothing to apprehend, seeing that the whole of the power and resources which those states possess, are now actually employed against us. The consequence of those internal troubles would be the shaking of the power of France; for, it is impossible to keep the whole of a people in subjection, for any length of time, if they are reduced to a situation whereih they have nothing to lose; and, at the same time, the invasion of these islands by France will become a subject of ridicule instead of a subject of terror. -If we succeed, as we certainly shall, in capturing the Danish capital and fleet, what a fine figure Russia will make in the world! And, as to Prussia, her maritime towns may as well be without ports as with them.It is possible, that Mr. Spankie, the editor of the Morning Chronicle, may have formed in his own mind a system whereby we might obtain a safe peace without baving recourse to this extraordinary exercise of our power; but, for my own part, after having thought as much about the matter as any man can, I am convinced that nothing short of this will give us even a chance of a safe peace. Does