Thurs. 7 Dec.

1620.

17 Dec. Explored up Welfleet Bay, and inland, and slept at Great Meadow Creek; Bradford's wife falls overboard from the ship, and is drowned.

Had first encounter with Indians, then coasted round
the bay, following the shore westward and north-
ward, went by Barnstable in a snow storm so thick
they did not see its harbor, broke their rudder, split
their mast into three pieces, and in a heavy north-
easter .ran in under the lee of Clark's Island in
Plymouth harbor after pitch dark. James Chilton
dies on the ship.

Rested, refitted their mast and rudder, etc.
Kept the Sabbath on Clark's Island.

FOREFATHERS' DAY. Landed on the Rock, and ex-
plored.

Started back for Provincetown, and the Mayflower.
Weighed anchor for Plymouth, but a foul wind drove
them back.

Dropped anchor inside Plymouth beach.
Party from the ship landed and explored.
Second exploration of the shore.

Third expedition, resulting in decision to settle near
what are now Burial Hill and Town Brook.
Stormed, and nothing could be done, but Richard
Britteredge dies on the ship.

162.

I Jan. Storm continues. Goodwife Allerton gives birth to a

still-born son.

As many as can, begin to cut and carry timber on
shore for the common house.

Those on shore hear a cry of savages as they
think, but see none. Solomon Prower dies.
Busy on the common house. Indian alarm again, but
saw none. The beer being low, they begin to drink
water on board the ship.

Foul weather, no going ashore.

To work again.

Divided whole company into nineteen families, and

measured out lots for them.

Tried to work, but rainy.

Same weather and same result. Saw Indian smokes

in the distance.

At work again. Digory Priest dies.

More smokes seen, but still no Indians.

Standish and a party go out, and find wigwams, but no Indians. Shot an eagle, and the poor hungry men likened its flesh to mutton!

Fri.

16291.

5 Jan. 15 Jan. A sailor found a herring, so they hoped for fish soon, but found they had no hooks small enough for codhooks.

?

C. Martin very sick, and sends ashore for Governor
Carver to see him "about his accounts."
Carver goes on board.

Fine, fair day. Shallop gets some fish. F. Billington
discovers the pond since called by his name.
tin dies.

Mar

Divided their lots of land by lot, laying out a street with cabins on each side.

William Bradford taken sick while at work.

Rained again. John Goodman and Peter Brown lost themselves in the woods, chasing a deer.

An armed party went out seven or eight miles in search vainly, but at night, the lost men returned, faint and frozen, so that Goodman's shoes had to be cut from his feet, and it was a long time before he was able to walk.

More being now on shore than in the ship, they intended to have worship in the common house, but its thatch took fire and burned off, which prevented.

Stormed again, so that there was no communication between the ship and the shore.

Three fair, sunshiny days, like April, followed, and
cheered on their work.

Began to build a shed to store their provisions.
Stormed again. Saw two wolves.

Made their shed.

Kept their first Sabbath worship ashore.
Fair.

Stored their meal, etc., in the shed.

Cold with sleet, but cleared, and the long-boat and shallop carried goods ashore. Miles Standish's wife Rose, dies.

Frosty, with sleet. Could not work.

More so.

away.

Those on the ship saw two Indians running

Wet, and so windy as almost to blow the Mayflower
(now light), from her anchorage, and the windy flood
almost washed the "daubing" out of the chinks of
their cabins.

Too cold to work. The cabin of the sick ones caught
fire, but was put out without much damage to them.
Killed five geese, and found a dead deer.
Cold. One fowling saw twelve Indians, and heard
more. The said Indians made a great fire at night
in the woods, and stole some tools that had been left
out.

27 Feb.

162.

Began to organize in a military way. Chose Miles Standish Captain. Two savages made signs on a near hill, but ran away.

3 Mar. Got the great guns out of the ship, and mounted them on what is now Burial Hill. William White, William Mullins, and two others die.

31

66

2

64

Isaac Allerton's wife Mary dies.

The birds sang, and there was a thunder-storm.
Began to sow garden seeds.

A second meeting to arrange military affairs was
broken up by Samoset's coolly walking in upon
them "straight to the Randevous," and in tolerable
English, making the brief speech of "Welcome
Englishmen." He told them that all the Indians
about Plymouth had died four years before by an
extraordinary plague. They fed him, and lodged
(and watched) him over night.
Dismissed him with presents.

Samoset came back, with five others, "to trade,” and
bringing the stolen tools. Tried to send them
away, because it was Sunday, but Samoset pre-
tended to be sick, and wouldn't go.

Fair. Sowed seeds.

Ditto.

Sent Samoset off. Another military meeting again
interrupted by the sight of Indians on the hill.
The carpenter, long sick, got well enough to repair
the shallop, so they could "fetch all from aboard"
so they cleaned out the ship, and their colonizing
became complete.

1 Apr. Another fine day, and another attempt at public bus-
iness interrupted by the return of Samoset, bringing
Squanto, (the only survivor of the Indians native to
the spot,) and announcing Massasoit, who, with his
brother, Quadequina, and suit, made a formal call,
and concluded a treaty - which was kept by both
parties, until Philip broke it in 1675.
Visits exchanged between the colonists and Massa-
soit's party. Squanto went to fish for eels, which he
trod out of the mud with his feet, and caught with
his hands, and which the colonists thought "very
fat and sweet." Concluded their military and other
public business, and re-elected John Carver for
Governor, for the new year, beginning on Sabbath
the 25th.

Edward Winslow's wife, Elizabeth, dies. A great mortality prevailed during this month, above the names here given. Nearly half the sailors of the Mayflower died also.

Day. Tues.

Sat.

Mon.

1621.

The Mayflower starts for England on her return voyage, but none of the diminished company wanted to go back in her.

Governor Carver died suddenly, "and his wife being a weak woman, dyed within 5 or 6 weeks after him." William Bradford was chosen Governor in his place," and being not yet recoverd of his ilnes, in which he had been near ye point of death, Isaak Allerton was chosen to be an Assistante unto him."

21 Feb.

12 May. 22 May. Edward Winslow was married to Mrs. Susanna, widow of William White, who had died, 3 Mar. The first marriage in the Colony.

18 Jun. 28 Jun. Two servants fight a duel, each wounding the other. The company sit on their case, and adjudge them to have their head and feet tied together, and so to lie for twenty-four hours without meat or drink; but "within an Hour, because of their great Pains, at their own & their Master's [Stephen Hopkins] humble Request, upon Promise of better Carriage, they are released by the Governor.”

"The spring now approaching, it pleased God the mortalitie begane to cease amongst them, and ye sick and lame recovered apace, which put, as it were, new life into them; though they had borne their sadd affliction with as much patience & contentedness, as I thinke any people could doe. But it was ye Lord which upheld them, and had beforehand prepared them; many having long borne ye yoake, yea, from their youth."- Gov. Bradford's Hist. Plim. Plant. 98.

VARIOUS EXTRACTS, ETC.,

ILLUSTRATING THE

RISE, CONDUCT, HISTORY, OPINIONS, TRIALS AND INFLUENCE, OF THE PLYMOUTH MOVE

MENT, AND MEN.

From the rise of the Papacy to the Reformation, the theory of the Church was that of an all-embracing centralized organism; governed by the Papal Hierarchy, and whose private members had simply the right, duty, and responsibility, of submission and unquestioning obedience.

Wycliffe.

Upwards of a century and a half before the time of Luther, Wycliffe had exposed the superstition and despotism of Rome. Born in the early part of the fourteenth century, [near Richmond, Yorkshire, 1324, died at Lutterworth, 31 Dec. 1384,] he anticipated the discoveries of his more fortunate successors, and labored with an assiduity and rectitude of purpose,, which entitle him to the admiration and gratitude of posterity. Though his labors did not effect an alteration in the ecclesiastical polity of his country, they made an extensive and permanent impression. A numerous class of followers were raised up, by the Providence of God: these preserved the precious seed of the kingdom until more propitious days; and, though assailed by the fiercest persecutions, were enabled to hand down the sacred deposit to the times of the Lutheran reformation."- Price's History of Prot. Non-Conform. i: 4.

the

About 1380, Wycliffe completed a translation of the Bible into English first ever made public. "It was not made for his own use, but for the enlightenment of his country. His object was to throw the broad blaze of revelation upon the corruptions of the Church, to expose before his fellow-men the errors and superstitions into which they had fallen, and to disclose to their view the narrow path which they had missed. The numerous copies of Wycliffe's translation preserved for four centuries and a half, attest the early publicity of his version, and the diligent means employed for the multiplication of transcripts. It may safely be affirmed that not one of the partial versions previously made, had ever been as widely diffused as this; and it was the formation of the bold idea of its general circulation, and the execution of the daring and unexampled project, that constitute the peculiar and glorious characteristic of the reformer's enterprise."Bagster's English Hexapla. 13.

"The disciples of Wycliffe were termed Lollards, and were found in most parts of the kingdom. Knighton, a canon of Leicester, and a cotemporary of Wycliffe, tells us that in the year 1382, 'their number very much increased, and that, starting like saplings from the root of a tree, they were multiplied, and filled every place within the compass of the land.' This, language must undoubtedly