courts, convents, tythes, frauds and persecutions of priests, corvées, game laws, privileges of Noblesse and Clergy; and, until they be compelled to submit to these again, they are not defeated, much less are they conquered. I dare say, that your Lordship sees enough about you to convince you, that the French are not a conquered people. And, I dare say, too, that you do not know what to do with them half so well as you did with the people in Ireland. It appears very clear to me, that, in your doings, with ALL YOUR MEANS (and they are mighty), you will not be able to give John Bull satisfaction; and, I am sure you will not be able to satisfy the sons and daughters of corruption. You cannot kill all the French. You cannot knock their foreteeth out. You cannot keep the sun from shining in France. No; nor can you impose even tythes upon the cultivators. You must leave them nearly as they are; or, if you prevail upon the Bourbons to do any outrageous act against the people, you must keep up all your subsidized armies in France, in order to prevent another revolution, which might burst forth against "regular government" with increased means. be over. The John Bulls thought, that, when the armies reached PARIS, all would You will find, that it was not all over. More armies, we are told, are still marching on. And more will certainly be necessary, if any attempt be made to produce a counter-revolution, and to And yet, re-establish the old regime. until this is done, nothing is done. I am, &c. WM. COBBETT. TO CORRESPONDENTS IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. 66 66 NAPOLEON BONAPARTE. There is reason for believing, that this great man, great even in his misfortunes, has made his retreat good from France, where to have continued, after the disaster which happened his army, and after, what he must have foreseen, the return of the Bourbons, would have been certain destruction. Two frigates were assigned by the Provisional Government, on the 25th June, to enable Napoleon to carry his views into effect. As a precautionary measure, an application was made to the Duke of Wellington to grant a passport for him to proceed to the United States; but this was refused. The following is the letter, which the Duke wrote to Count Lignon, in answer to the one written by the latter for the passport:-" Head-quarters, June 28th-Monsieur le Compte, "I have had the honour to receive your "Excellency's letter of the 25th. I have already written to the Commissioners "named to treat with the allied powers for peace, upon the proposition for a "suspension of hostilities; a reply which 66 your excellency has seen, and to which As to what reI have nothing to add. gards a passport and protection for Na"poleon Bonaparte to go to the United "States of America, I must inform your "Excellency that I have no authority from my government to give any sort of I answer whatever to that demand. "have the honour to be Mons. le Compte, "with the highest consideration, your "I obedient servant, WELLINGTON.". shall not pretend to say what our government would have done with Napoleon had they caught him. They certainly had something grand in view, if we may judge from the active measures which they have taken to stop him in his flight. According to our newspaper accounts, nearly the whole British navy, which had been lately The communication from the City of Albany shall be noticed in my next. The Inscription for the Monument of GENERAL PAKENHAM should be sent to Mr. GASCOYGNE, Member for Liverpool. He is the great man in this way; and, I dare say, would be gratified very highly, if some one would send it him direct from America. I hope some one will do it. must keep the copy sent to me; and, if were to send him a transcript, he would, perhaps, think it spurious, and call it a libel, merely because it came from me. It is as neat a little thing as I ever read. I I 66 66 66 66 66 laid up in our harbours, was put in commission, to intercept the fugitive!" Honest John Bull," will, I know, be much disappointed if the "Corsican Monster" is not taken, and brought into an English port. He calculated on a raree-show at least; on seeing the fallen Emperor carried about, like one of Pidcock's wild beasts, fairs in the kingdom; and, after public cuin an iron cage, and exhibited at all the riosity had been fully gratified, after every country bumpkin had stared his eyes out, wholly occupied in writing a history of his life. The events of the three last months shew how well founded were these assertions. It may take longer time in America to mature his plans than it did in his last retreat; but I cannot suppose that a man of his active and enterprising disposition will, in the very vigour of life, feel much disposed to renounce the tumult of the world. On bidding adieu to France, where he will be remembered with regret by all who experienced the beneficial effects of his excellent institutions, Napoleon addressed the following proclamation to the army. It is altogether characteristic of this wonderful man: Malmaison, June 25, 1815. NAPOLEON TO THE BRAVE SOLDIERS OF THE and torn his cheeks asunder, in viewing the " savage," and laughing at the fun, which this spectacle afforded, the "ferocious tyrant" was then to be hung on a gibbet, as high as Haman's, as a necessary peace offering to the wounded feelings of the "friends of social order, and of our holy religion."When a report lately prevailed, that Napolcon had actually fallen into our hands, nothing was heard but the cry of" send him to the Tower, send him to the Tower ;" and, I am told, that so confident were people of all ranks of his being on the road to London, that thousands left their occupations, and went many miles into the country, to see him approach. Never losing sight of the "main chance," always disposed to "make the most of every thing," it was even said, that a dispute was on the eve of taking place, between the keepers of the different Soldiers! While obeying the necessity which jails of the metropolis, as to who was to removes me from the brave French army, I carry pocket the fees arising from the exhibition with me the happy certainty that it will justify, of Napoleon. Poor Johnny Bull! how by the imminent services which the country exsadly must you be disap⚫nted when you pects from it, the praises which our enemies find, that this slippery fellow has escaped, themselves have not been able to refuse it. Solnotwithstanding all the wise precautions diers, I shall follow your steps though absent: I of our Ministers, and the extraordinary ex- know all the corps, and not one of them will obertions of our invincible navy board, head-tain a single advantage over the enemy, but I ed by that penetrating, active, and saga- shall give it credit for the courage it shall have cious Secretary, Mr. Croker. But never displayed. Both you and me have been calummind Johnny; do not despair. Napoleon is not dead. You will probably very soon hear of his landing in America, where new scenes, for the exercise of his active genius, open before him, and where, it is at least, possible, our fleets and our armies may be again called to achieve fresh deeds of glory, in consequence of some new attempt of this extraordinary man, to destroy our power and influence, even in that distant part of the world. I see it stated in the Paris papers, that "Napoleon Bonaparte 66 was very careful in providing himself "with good books upon America, before "his departure from Malmaison. "asked for a great many, and went him"self to see that they were put into his "carriage. He said to those who were He near him, that he renounced for ever the "tumult of the world and of business, and "that he had no other wish but to end "his days peaceably in the United States "of America, amid a free and hospitable people."-But the same thing was said of him when he was at Elba. He had there" renounced, for ever, the tumult of "the world and of business," and was miated. Men very unfit to appreciate our labours have seen, in the marks of attachment which Some efforts more and the coalition is dissolved NAPOLEON. DEFEAT OF THE ALGERINE FLEET BY Our base newspaper writers are SO much occupied with enforcing the necessity of cutting the throats of all the Jacobins in France, that they cannot spare a moment to think, far less to write, on the signal triumph of America, which her invincible fleet has just obtained over the European pirates. This great achieve ment of the real sons of liberty against one of the "legitimate Monarchs," does not, I dare say, go well down with our corruptionists; but that is a principal reason why I should not lose sight of it. While all the regular governments of Europe were acknowledging their inferiority, by sending annual presents to the Dey of Algiers, the Americans fitted out a squadron to annihilate this Royal pirate. The Algerine fleet was discovered on the coast of Spain. It was attacked by the Yankee fleet without any hesitation. The Americans took the admiral's ship, a frigate of the largest size; drove another on shore and destroyed her; the rest escaped only in consequence of a calm, which enabled them to use their oars. This is certainly a proper method of treating these royal nuisances. But we do not see that this civilized part of the world are disposed to consider them in that light. They have shewn no inclination to assist the Americans in driving them out. Perhaps they are too much occupied at present with delivering France, to think of delivering Europe. However, I am quite satisfied that the Americans are able to do the business without them. I should not be surprised, indeed, if things would take a different turn. I would not wonder, after what I have seen; after the assistance we have given to restore the whore of Babylon, the Inquisition, and the lazy voluptuous nuns and friars to their former power and ease; if a treaty offensive and defensive had been concluded between the Autocrat of Algiers, the Autocrats of Russia, Prussia, &c. &c., and that the Americans were to find them selves involved in a war against these powers, who may probably afford a powerful contingent to their Royal Ally.-But even this will be of little consequence After the American seamen gave such a lesson as they did to the boasted "sovereigns of the sea," there can be no apprehension as to the result of any war which may occur with the whole maritime force of the world. There is an energy which liberty gives to its champions, that renders its cause invincible when opposed to tyranny; and the extirpation of the royal nest of African pirates, is an act which will be recorded in the page of history to the eternal honour of the American people, while the long endurance of this haughty and barbarous race, will for ever reflect disgrace on the nations of Europe. THE FRENCH ARMIES. It is clear that, up to the moment in which I write (Friday) no part of the army of France, at least no considerable part of it, has returned to, what is called, its allegiance to its ancient monarchs. We have accounts from Paris so late as Tuesday last, in which it is stated, that, so far from the soldiers declaring, as was lately said, for the king, a sanguinary action "has taken place within 20 leagues of “Paris, between the corps d'armée of Ge"neral Lamarque and a Prussian corps. "The castle of Vincennes continues to re fuse to submit to the king. It is said "that the army under the command of "General Rapp, has effected its junction "with the army of the Loire."--But this is not all. The PEASANTS and the National Guards have shewn resistance to the Russians in their advance.—“ The ad"vanced guard of the Russian army, "which had been stopped at Chateau "Thierry, by the resistance of several "thousand peasants and National Guards, "who thought they could dispute with it "the passage of the Marne, has surmount"ed those obstacles and continued its "march towards Paris."-The reader tell us of a 66 will observe that these accounts are given in papers now under the controul of the Bourbons, and, therefore, that they cannot be supposed to be telling us any thing not true, unfavourable to the royal cause. They appear, indeed, to be concealing, rather than exaggerating the truth. They sanguinary action" with the Prussians, but they do not say how this terminated. They speak of the resistance of the peasants to the Russians, but they these are proofs of the attachment and love give us no particulars of the conflict. If of the French people for the race of the Bourbons, I should like to be told what name ought to be affixed to the reception which the whole French nation gave to Napoleon when he returned from Elba? DISSOLUTION OF THE LEGISLATIVE BODY. -ENTRANCE OF LOUIS XVIII. INTO PARIS. I closed the sketch of the proceedings of the French Legislature, given in my last, with an account of what had passed, DECLARATION OF THE CHAMBER OF REPRESENTATIVES. in both Chambers up to the 4th inst. On that day, the most animated and interesting discussions took place. The sittings in both houses opened with reading the following message from the Provisional Government: M. PRESIDENT.-When the Representatives of the People confided to us the Government we accepted it, but we did not know the extent of the evils which have befallen us. In vain have we attempted to repel the storm-in spite of all the heroic efforts of our troops, and the entire devotion of the National Guard, we have found it impossible to prevent the Allies penetrating to Paris, either by force or negociations. We have preferred the latter measure, not to compromise the fate of the capital by a precarious combat against superior numbers, hourly re. ceiving reinforcements. Under these circum. stances, we have the pleasure to announce to you, that in avoiding the effusion of blood we have neither sacrificed the principles of our po litical Government, nor the glory of the French arms. The troops of the Allied Powers are going to occupy the capital. The Chamber of Representatives will nevertheless continue to sit in the midst of the inhabitants of Paris, where the express will of the People called together its delegates. But under the present important circumstances, the Chamber of Representatives owes to itself, to France, to Europe, a declaration of its sentiments and of its principles. It declares then that it makes a solemn appeal to the fidelity and to the patriotism of the Parisian national guard, charged with the protection of the national representation. It declares that it reposes with the highest confidence on the principles of morality and honour, on the magnanimity of the Allied Powers, and on their respect for the independence of the nation, so positively expressed in their manifestoes. It declares that the Government of France, whoever may be its chief, ought to unite the wishes of the nation legally expressed, and to assimilate itself to other Governments to become a common bond, and the guarantee of peace between France and Europe. It declares that a monarch cannot offer substan stitution deliberated upon by the national re- Equality of civil and political rights; Free assent to levies of men and taxes; On the message being read in the Cham-tial guarantees unless he swears to observe a Conber of Representatives, M. Garat, in an animated speech, compared the then situation of France to that of England during the reign of William III. when the Bill of Rights was obtained. "It was a shield," (said the speaker) "to prevent the usur"pation of William III. who had himself "strove against Louis XIV. and arrested "his victories. This parliamentary sta"tue is the Pharos of British liberty. "I have every confidence in the Allies, "particularly the English, to whom we "have paid the compliment of following "their example. Yes! we will have the 66 liberty of choosing our own Constitu"tion. I wish, therefore, at this mo66 ment, to give the nation something like "that Bill of Rights which is the glory of "the English." M. Garat then read a series of articles, entitled, Declaration of the Rights of the French People. These were referred to a Committee, and on the 5th, after long debates, the Declaration was adopted, and an Address to the French People, in name of the Government Commission, ordered to be printed. The Chamber of Peers also concurred in these measures. The following are copies of these interesting documents : The irrevocability of the sales of national property, whatever its origin; The inviolability of property, the abolition of tythes, of the old and new hereditary nobility, and of tendality; The abolition of all confiscation of goods; Entire oblivion of political opinions and votes given up to this time; The institution of the Legion of Honour. The Government which shall not guarantee all these, will only have an ephemeral existence, and will not secure the peace of France and Енгоре. Should the basis laid down in this declaration be disregarded or violated, the representatives of the French people acquitting themselves this day of a sacred duty, protest before. hand in the face of the whole world, against violence and usurpation. They confide the maintenance of the principles which they proclaim to all good Frenchmen, to all generous hearts, to all enlightened minds, to all men jealous of their liberty, in fine, to future generations. (Signed) LANJUINAIS, President. DUMOLARD, BEDOCK, CLEMONT, (of Doubs) Secretaries. PROCLAMATION OF THE COMMISSION of governmENT TO THE FRENCH. FRENCHMEN,In the difficult circumstances when the reins of the State were confided to us, it was not in our power to master the course of events, and to remove all dangers; but it became our duty to defend the interests of the people and of the army, equally compromised in the cause of a Prince, abandoned by fortune and the national will. It became our duty to preserve to the country the precious remains of those brave legions whose courage is superior to reverses, and who have been the victims of a devotedness which the country now claims. It became our duty to guarantee the capital from the horrors of siege, and the chances of a battle, to maintain we shall receive guarantees which will prevent those alternate aud temporary triumphs of factious that have agitated us for five and twenty years, which will terminate our revolution, and confound in a common protection all the parties to which it has given birth, and all those which it has combatted. The guarantees which hither. to have only existed in our courage, we shall find in our laws, our constitution, and in our representative system; for whatever may be the intel ligence, the personal qualities of the monarch, they are not sufficient to put the people out of the reach of the oppression of power, the prejudices of pride, the injustice of courts, and the ambition of courtiers. Frenchmen, peace is necessary to your commerce, to your arts, to the amelioration of your manners, to the development of your remaining resources; be united, and you reach the end of your miseries. The repose of Europe is inseparable from your's. Europe is interested in your tranquillity, and your happiness. (Signed) 66 66 The Duke of OTRANTO, President. Next day, the 6th, after some resolu tions had been agreed to respecting the pay of the army, M. Dupont spoke as follows:-"When in your memorable sitclaimed your political principles, it was ting of yesterday, you solemnly pronot merely your intention to give the "nation a new pledge of fidelity-you "wished to make known at the same time the public tranquillity in the midst of the tumult reigns, and the high confidence which your sentiments to the Allied Soveand agitations of war, to support the hopes of the you entertain in their justice and magfriends of liberty, in the midst of the fears and nanimity. They will hear your laninquietudes of suspicious fore-sight ;- above all 66 guage with a noble interest, for it is it became our duty to stop the useless effusion of 66 worthy of them and of the nation whom blood: it was necessary to choose an assured national existence, or to run the risk of expoyou represent. They have more than once announced their wish to respect sing the country and its citizens to a general" the independence of the French people. subversion, which would have left neither hope It would be insulting them to fear that nor faturity. None of the means of defence they wish to impose on us a Government which time and our resources allowed, nothing by force of arms, or to favour a party that the service of the camps and of the city who might attempt to prevent the wishes required was neglected. While the pacification of the nation, and to substitute the acof the West was finishing, Plenipotentiaries re- "clamations of a few individuals to the paired to the Allied Powers, and all the docu-free expression of the general wish. It ments of their negociation have been laid before your representatives. The fate of the capital is settled by a convention. Its inhabitants, whose firmness, courage, and perseverance are above all praise, form its guard. The declarations of the Sovereigns of Europe should inspire too much confidence, their promises have been too solemn," to excite a fear that our liberties and our dearest" interests can be sacrificed to victory. In a word 66 order that your declaration should proappears to me necessary, therefore, in "duce all the effects which you have a right to expect from it, that it be car"ried to the Allied Monarchs by a Deputation chosen from yourselves. The French people will see in this solemn proceeding a new proof of your patriotic solicitude. The High Powers will also 66 |