called type are placed side by side, so as to spell out the words. And this is the funny part of it: they are set upside down.

Can you read it? Hold it upside down before a looking-glass and then you can read it. The looking-glass shows the words, just as the paper would give them if it were pressed on the type and turned over. This was a good deal for Gutenberg to find out all by himself, was it not?

When the type has been set up in this way it is placed in the press and covered with ink. Then a large sheet of paper is rolled over it, and the pages are printed. These great machines will make thousands of copies in one day. Is it not wonderful? Newspapers and magazines are sent all over the country every day. Many, many good books are printed every year.

Think how much good and how much pleasure we get from books. How thankful we ought to be for them, and how glad that we can read them! They are worth far more than treasures of silver and of gold.

Sort the rags and grind the pulp;
Weave the paper fair;

Now it only waits for words

To be printed there.

Thoughts from God to man sent down.
May these pages show.

Sing, oh sing, for the cotton plant!
Bravely may it grow!

And who would

paper from wood?

PAPER-MAKING

ever have thought of making Well, I do not know the man's name, but I know where he got the idea. It was from a little wasp building her nest in the early spring.

The man saw her busily at work on a piece of wood, the window sash maybe. She was tearing away tiny strips no larger than a hair. These she gathered into a little ball with her feet, and flew away with it to a flat stone near by.

Then she commenced chewing the bits of wood, and they soon became moist, soft pulp. This she spread out on the stone and began to walk over it back and forth in order to make it very smooth and thin.

It took the patient little wasp a long time to do this, for you see a wasp's foot is not very heavy. Back and forth, back and forth she went and at last she was rewarded for her labor. The little sheet was as smooth as silk and as thin as gauze.

This sheet she fastened to the limb of a tree and then began to make another in the same way.

When that was done she folded it neatly and smoothly over the first. Then she made another and another, folding each very carefully over the last so that they looked like the petals of a rose.

She kept on making the sheets in this way, folding one over another until the nest was large enough. When all was done, with a hole at the bottom for a doorway, it was as fine a little house as any wasp could wish.

And so it was by watching this little insect that man first learned to make paper from wood; and now a great deal of the paper we have is made from wood.

In the first place, the logs are taken to a pulp mill. Blocks of the wood are placed in a machine which looks like a large coffee mill. In this machine, the wood is ground into powder as fine as meal.

Boiling water is poured over the powder to soften it, and it becomes a fluid as white as milk. This is spread on a piece of cloth and is rolled and rolled, until the water is pressed out. This pulpy mass now looks like wet cardboard. It is sent to a paper factory and is made into paper.