oil cells on, yield of, 104
oil wells on, 100

Argand, inventor of the first progres-
sive step in oil burning, 389
Armor plate, successful use of liquid
fuel in the manufacture of, 416-418
Arnold, Arthur, M.P., on the advan-

tages of liquid fuel, 116
on the cost of petroleum fuel
on the Caspian Sea, 93
Arsenic, metallic, found in the bitumi-
nous limestones of Lobsan, 166
Artesian boring for oil, suggested by
Kier's circular, 139, 140
Ashburner, Charles A., demonstration
regarding the Bradford and
Venango sandstones, 45, 46
geologist, list of oil-producing
areas, with brief descrip-
tion of the sands, 149-154
on the geology of natural gas,

Colonel Yule's estimate of the
quantity of petroleum collected
at, in 1819, 89

conferences held at, to improve the
petroleum industry, 119

early knowledge of petroleum at,

87

Edward Stack's statement of the
output of the naphtha springs
at, 1880, 94

estimated annual production of
liquid fuel at, 114

lubricating oil, production of in
1885, 122

Balkan Hills, extraordinary deposits of
petroleum at, 98
Barbadoes tar, 69

Barongat Islands, character of the oil
from, 80

Barry, Herbert, comparison of the
Baku with American oil, 91
Baumé markings, table for converting

into true specific gravities, 360, 361
Bayonne, N. J., refineries at, 242
Beaver district, oil production of the,
to January, 1885, 463
Belden district, Ohio, oil at, 310
Benzene and residuum, re-distillation
of, 277-279

deodorization of, 279
in pharmacy, 386

products, distillation of, 279

table of the varying effects of, on
oils, 358, 359

treatment of, 262, 263

Benzole and toluole, products of de-
structive distillation and
not educts of ordinary dis-
tillation, 167

Schorlemmer's statement of,
not verified, 167
vapor, illuminating effect of, when
mixed with hydrogen gas, 215

Bissell, George H., artesian boring for
oil, suggested by reading a
circular of Kier's Petro-
leum," 139, 140

originator of the rock oil de-
velopment, 136

Mr., buying up all the Pennsyl-
vania rock oil stock, 142
Bitumen, evident correlation between
both kinds of deposits of, 20
Bituminous coal, estimated number of
pounds in one dollar's
worth, 410

heat units generated by one
dollar's worth, 410
heat units produced by one
pound of, 409
measures, supposed connec
tion with petroleum, 18,

19

not the source of commercial
petroleum, 19

percentage, composition of,
409

limestones of Lobsan, metallic ar-
senic found in, 166

shales, oil produced from, 19
"Black California," probable supply
of light and fuel to Central Asia,

99

Creek, first flowing well at, 61

petroleum, comparison of,
with the oil of the Brad-
ford District of Western
Pennsylvania, 63
sand," description of, 149

oil, description of, 149
Sea Steam Navigation Co. build-
ing a fleet of steamers fitted
with petroleum tanks, 1885, 85
Town, near Baku, oil refineries
at, 108

Blast furnace gas, effect of, as a fuel,
217

Blowpipe principle for securing perfect
combustion, 218

Blowpipe-

regenerative plan for securing per-
fect combustion, 218, 219
Boberka, use of oil by the peasants of,

76

Boilers, building for, 245

Bone-black, decolorization of paraffine
by, 294

Boring for oil, Russian plan, 104
Bradford and Venango sandstones, 46
district, assay of oil from the, 374
daily average production of
the, 1884, 150
list of wells in, 149
oil pools embraced in the,

458

production of oil to January,
1885, 460

oil district, area of, 46

extent and richness of,

148

Exchange, prices of crude
petroleum certificates at,
1879-1886, 162
territory, date of develop-

ment and oil yield, 157
uniformity of its gravity and
quality, 48

prolific sandstone, geological posi-
tion of, 44

sand is of the Chemung range, 47
priority of formation to that
of the Venango group, 48
sands, supposed deep-water de-
posits, 47

slush oil, geological position of, 44
Brayton hydro-carbon engine, 434
Brewer, Dr., of Titusville, Pa., pe-
troleum from his farm on Oil Creek,
1853, 136

Buckeye Pipe Line, 454

Buffalo, N. Y., gas well at, 206, 207
Buildings for oil refineries, 244-246
Bulk barges, 436
Burmah, oil wells in, 79-82

Upper, oil wells in, 78, 79
Burning well at Crab Orchard, Lin-
coln Co., Ky., peculiar flow of,

207

wells, lights from, described by
William Metcalf, C. E., 230,

231

Burns gas well, described by Professor
J. Lawrence Smith, 231
Butane, properties of, 215

Butler County, Pennsylvania, yield of
oil in, 157, 158

District, oil-pools comprised in
the, 463

oil production of the, to Jan-
uary, 1885, 463

CAHOUT

AHOURS and Pelouze, analyses
of petroleum by, 266, 267
in France, results obtained
by, from American petro-
leum, 166-168
California oil districts, 63, 64
Canada, oil regions of, 60-63
Canisters, torpedo, dimensions of, 197
Cannel coal, distillates of, similar to

those obtained from American pe-
troleum, 167

Capryl, hydrides of, formula of, 169
Carbon black, made by the Kokosing
Oil Company, 236, 237
ultimate residual of wood, 23
units of heat generated by a
pound of, 408, 409

Carbonic acid, a constant ingredient of
natural gas, 210, 211
oxide, effect of, as fuel, 217

frequent but not constant in-
gredient of natural gas,

210, 211

Carburretted air, manufacture of, by
the passage of air through gasolene,
398, 399
Carll, examination of oil rock blasted
at Tidioute, 32, 33

on the discovery of new oil-fields,

464

on the formation of the different
sand rocks, 40-42

on the geological position of the
oil-bearing horizons, 44, 45
on the Warren District oil-sands,
460

statement of the Venango and

Mahoning sandstones, 29
Carnegie Bros. & Co., use of natural
gas by, 222

Carpenter Natural Gas Company of
Pittsburgh, 235

Carpenter's rig for an oil well, de-
scribed and illustrated, 177-184
Caspian and Black Sea Petroleum
Company owned by the Messrs.
Rothschild, Paris, 121

described, 257-259

Condensing apparatus, 256-260

drum, illustrated and described,
257

tanks, 245

general form of, 259

worm, importance of a full supply
of water for, 259

Conglomerate, olean, geological posi-
tion of, 44

Consolidated Fuel Gas Co. of Pitts-
burgh, 235

Constantine, steamship, cost of petro-
leum fuel on, 93

Continuous distillation, 253-256
Cooper third sandstone, geological po-
sition of, 44

Coralloid sea animals, 18

Corniferous limestone, delusive indi-

liquid, study of, by Prof.

Sadtler, 172, 173

reduced in gravity in a dis-
tilling apparatus, 314, 315
petroleum, American prices of,

1860-1884, 161-163

certificates, prices of, at the
Bradford Oil Exchange,

1879-1886, 162

effect of, on insect life, 379
rule adopted by the New
York Exchange, 373

photogen, objective point in refin-
ing, 327

Cumberland, Maryland, gas well at,

207.

River, heavy oils at, 310
Cylinder still, illustrated and described,
248, 249, 251, 252