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Working.—A patent must be worked in the realm and the working proved to the Department of Commerce and Manufacture within five years of its grant or the patent will be declared void.

Assignments must be registered.

Government Guarantee.-During the first two years actions can be brought to upset the patent on any statutory ground. After two years it can only be revoked by a sentence or order of a Criminal Court.

Patents of Addition are granted to the proprietor of a patent, to expire with the original patent. There are no annual taxes on these. After the first year of a patent any one can apply for a patent of addition thereon, but neither patentee can use the patent of the other without license.

Taxes. A patent becomes void if taxes, which with agency amount to the following, be not paid as they become due. Before the end of one year from the signing of the patent (prices at present rate of exchange), £3 155.; 2nd year, £4 55.; 3rd year, £4 16s.; 4th year, £5 175. 6d.; 5th year, £7; 6th year, 11 55.; 7th year, £12 75. 6d. ; 8th year, £15 25.; 9th year, £17 175.; 10th year, £23 5s.; 11th year, 28 12s. 6d.; 12th year, £34 1s.; 13th year, £39 10s.; 14th year, £44 17s. 6d.

Taxes can, however, be paid within three months after date on payment of a fine in addition to the amount of tax.

Usual Costs: Patent of Invention

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ST. HELENA.

(Population, 4,000.)

A British patent can be extended to this colony. Usual cost of this extension, £20.

ST. LUCIA ST. VINCENT-SALVADOR.

ST. LUCIA.

(Population, 50,000.)

175

The English law, with requisite alterations, has been enacted in the colony.

Costs Patents, designs and trade marks slightly heavier than in Great Britain.

ST. VINCENT.

(Population, 49,000.)

The English law with slight modifications to adapt it to the colony has been enacted in St. Vincent. Usual costs: Provisional Protection, £4.

Completing same, £12.

Complete at start, £15.

Taxes as in England, only agency fee, £2. Registration of trade mark (taxes paid for four years), £16.

SALVADOR.

(Population 900,000.)

Who can Patent.-Only the true and first inventor, or his attorney for him, can validly obtain a patent.

What can be Patented.-Practically anything patentable in Great Britain or the United States not yet published in any country except in official Patent Office publications, or through being exhibited in international exhibitions. A patent can only be for one article or process, and if two or more have to be combined to produce a new industrial result, there must be two or more patents.

Kinds and Duration of Patents.-Patents of invention for twenty years and patents of addition to expire with original patent.

There is a tax of 50 pesos at the end of the first

176 SALVADOR—SERVIA—SEYCHELLES ISLANDS.

five years, 75 pesos at the end of ten years, 100 pesos at the end of 15 years, and if the patent be renewed by the Executive at the end of the twenty years for five years then a fresh tax is required. In the case, however, of inventions patented abroad, the patent falls with the first foreign patent.

There is no compulsory working clause.

The cost of a patent varies with the officials' estimate of its importance, and may be anything from £25 to £60.

Taxes, including agency, end of 5th year, £5; end of 10th year, £7 10s. ; end of 15th year, £10. Two months' grace for paying taxes.

Protecting trade mark by official advertisement, £14.

SELANGOR.

(Population, 169,000.)

Inventions patented in Great Britain, India, and some other states can be patented in this State at any time during the life of the patent abroad to expire with that patent.

Usual costs: 19 105.

SERVIA.

(Population, 2,500,000.)

This state is in the same position as Roumania, but has joined the Union for the Protection of Industrial Property, and is expected to shortly have a patent law in operation.

Average costs of registering a trade mark, £19.

SEYCHELLES ISLANDS.

(Population, 25,000.)

This law is very similar to the British, the differences

being, first, an assignee of the inventor's right can apply for a patent, and the fees are all heavier than the British.

Average costs: Nine months' protection, £8 to £11.

Completing patent, £16 to £20.

Complete at start, £22 to £27.

Taxes at end of 4th and subsequent years: £12, £12, £12, £12, £18, £18, £24, £24, £24, £24. Agency fee paying same, £2.

SIAM.

(Population, 5,000,000.)

The English Patent Designs and Trade Marks Acts extend to Siam in so far that any British subject or subject of any other country which has come into the arrangement in Siam can be prosecuted in a Consular Court in Siam by the owner of a British patent or trade mark for infringement of such British patent or trade mark in Siam, provided that the owner of the said British patent is a British subject or a subject or citizen of another country making the same arrangement in Siam in regard to its subjects or citizens.

SIERRA LEONE AND PROTECTORATE,

(Population, white, 500.)

(Population, black, 570,000.)

The owner of a British patent can obtain protection in the colony to expire with said British patent, or any prior foreign patents expiring before it. A patent can be declared void on the same grounds that a British patent can. There are no compulsory licenses. The privilege is very little used. The cost is about £30.

178 SOUTHERN NIGERIA-SPAIN AND COLONIES

SOUDAN.

See Egyptian Soudan.

SOUTH AUSTRALIA.

See Australia.

SOUTHERN NIGERIA.

The law and costs are practically the same as Lagos, as above set forth.

It is expected that soon

they will be administratively united.

SPAIN AND COLONIES.

(Population, Spain, 18600,,000.)
(Population, Colonies, 500,000.)

There are three kinds of patents:

1. Patents of Invention for twenty years granted to any person, firm, or corporation who intends to establish, or who has established, a new industry unpublished and unpractised at home or abroad, except in international exhibitions (when exhibited by the patentee) or under the exceptions allowed by the Union for the Protection of Industrial Property; but experimental use by the applicant before patenting is not considered publication or practice of the invention.

2. Patents of Importation for five years granted to any person, firm, or corporation who establishes an industry new in the realm, though it may have been worked or published abroad.

3. Certificates of Addition, Alteration, or Improvement on original patented inventions which are made by the patentees of such original patented

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