Re-issues, from £12 to £16.
Caveats, £5.

Simple assignments, £1.

Patents for designs, 3 years, £8 to £11.

7 years, £9 to £13. 14 years, £12 to £17.

Registering a label, £4.

,, trade mark, £9.

URUGUAY.

(Population, 750,000.)

Patents of invention are granted to the original inventors of inventions, which have not yet been published in print at home or abroad, and that are not in use in the realm and have not been worked more than one year previously abroad. Medicines and financial devices are unpatentable.

Patents of importation are granted for inventions already patented abroad-not more than one year prior to the application in Uruguay-and prior publication of the foreign patent does not invalidate them. Patents of Addition are granted to the original patentee for improvements on his original patent. They are also granted at a higher rate to other parties, but these must pay to the original patentee such royalty as the Government shall decide to be fair.

Patents are granted at the option of the applicant for three, six, or nine years, not renewable. Models or specimens of good workmanship are required where the case admits of them.

There is an annual tax of $25-and if this be omitted to be paid the first year for ten days after it becomes due, the Government can grant the patent to any other applicant willing to pay said tax. A period during which working must be commenced in the realm on pain of liability to forfeiture, is stated in the

grant of each patent, but the Government is liberal in accepting reasonable excuses, and prolonging the term, if petitioned at least three months before its expiration. Infringement is both a criminal and a civil offence, entailing fine, imprisonment, forfeiture of the counterfeited articles, and costs and damages.

Usual costs: Patent, £45.

Annual taxes, £7 10s.

Registering a trade mark, £27.

VENEZUELA.

(Population, 2,500,000.)

Patents are granted to the true and first inventor only, for five, ten, or fifteen years, at his option, for new inventions, other than medicines-that is, inventions not yet known to others in the realmı, and not published anywhere, and that have not been worked anywhere more than two years. A patented invention must be worked in the realm—in the case of a five year patent within half a year of its grant, or in the case of ten and fifteen year patents within one and two years, respectively, of grant-and must not be discontinued for more than a year at a time without good excuse, on pain of forfeiture. Patents are granted as in France without guarantee of the Government, and without an examination as to novelty or utility.

Patents of importation granted to the patentee and inventor of any foreign patent for the same invention, and to expire with said foreign patent, are granted at any time during the continuance of such foreign patent, provided no prior applicant have claimed the invention.

Annual tax, after first half of duration of patent,

Cost of registering a trade mark, £15.

VICTORIA.

See Australia.

WESTERN AUSTRALIA.

See Australia.

WEST INDIES.

Hispaniola, divided into the two republics of Hayti (population, 1,250,000) and St. Domingo (population, 500,000), has no patent law, but special privileges can sometimes be obtained from the two legislatures at moderate rates.

Cuba (population, 1,600,000), Jamaica (population, 700,000), and Trinidad and Tobago (population, 300,000), the Windward Islands (population, 135,000), the Leeward Islands (population, 130,000), British Honduras (population, 31,000), the Bahamas (population, 50,000), St. Lucia (population, 50,000), St. Vincent (population, 40,000), and Burmudas (population, 16,000), all of which have been noticed in previous pages, require each a separate patent.

ZANZIBAR PROTECTORATE.

(Population about 2,000,000.)

The law and costs are practically the same as those of India, except that in place of annual taxes there is a tax (including agency) of £13 at the end of the 4th year, and £26 at the end of the eighth year.

Patents secured, maintained, defended, and worked in all countries. Oppositions conducted, Searches made, Opinions on infringements given and expert evidence arranged.

Trade marks, Designs, and Copyrights secured and defended in all countries granting protection.

Inventors wishing to patent an invention should send us an accurate description of it. They will receive an answer by return of post as to whether it be patentable, and if so, what will be the exact cost of completely protecting it (including drawings, etc.). No charge made for such report; and all communications kept inviolably secret. Carriage of Models, etc., must, however, be prepaid, or they are liable to be returned unopened.

We do not, however, give advice gratis on questions of validity of patents, infringements, or on the novelty or utility of an invention, but are always ready to quote our fees for such information where it is required.

Abridgments of all English Patent Specifications, and of all existing American ones, with plates, and exact copies of all Trade marks, except cotton marks, registered in Great Britain, tabulated out chronologically under classes, kept on file at 6, Lord Street, Liverpool, and at the Library contiguous to our London office. The only true copies, we believe, in the world thus tabulated.

12/3/05