strangers who were with them had let fall discontente and mutinous speeches, threatening that they would use their own liberty when they came ashore, because none had power to command them on account of their patent being for Virginia and not for New England, where they happened to be. The agreement was drawn up and signed in the cabin of the May-Flower by the heads of families and such others as were considered of proper age, the act being held in their opinion as firm as any patent, and in some respects more so. The form of this instrument generally known in history as the SOCIAL COMPACT OF THE FOREFATHERS, is preserved in "Bradford's History of Plymouth Plantation," in the following words:

IN YE NAME OF GOD, AMEN. We whose names are under-writen, the loyall subjects of our dread soveraigne Lord King JAMES, by ye grace of God of Great Britaine, Franc & Ireland King, Defender of the Faith, &c.,

Haveing under-taken for ye glorie of God, and advancemente of ye Christian faith, and honour of our King & Countrie, a voyage to plant ye first colonie in ye northerne parts of VIRGINIA, doe by these presents solemnly & mutualy in ye presence of God and one of another, covenant, & combine our selves togeather into a civill body politick, for our better ordering & preservation, & furtherance of ye ends aforesaid; and by vertue hearof to enacte constitute and frame such just & equall lawes, ordinances acts, constitutions, & offices, from time to time, as sha be thought most meete & convenient for ye generall go of ye Colonie; unto which we promise all due submissi and obedience.

In witnes wherof we have hereunder subscribed our names at Cap-Codd ye 11 of November, in ye year of ye raigne of our soveraigne Lord King JAMES of England, France & Ireland ye eighteenth, and of Scotland ye fiftie-fourth, Ano Dom. 1620.

In alluding to this inimitable agreement, John Quincy Adams has aptly said in his admirable discourse, delivered at Plymouth in December, 1802, "This is perhaps the only instance in human history of that positive original social compact which speculative philosophers have imagined as the only legitimate source of government. Here was a unanimous and personal assent by all the individuals of the community, to the association by which they became a nation. It was the result of circumstances and discussions, which had occurred during their passage from Europe, and is a full demonstration that the nature of civil government, abstracted from the political institutions of their native country, had been an object of their serious meditation. The settlers of all the former European colonies had contented themselves with the powers conferred upon them by their respective charters, without looking beyond the seal of the royal parchment for the measure of their rights and the rule of their duties. The founders of Plymouth had been impelled by the peculiarities of their situation to examine the subject with deeper and more comprehensive research."

The names of the signers are not given in Gov. Bradford's manuscript, but are believed to have been essentially as follow. JOHN CARVER,

EMALE PASSENGERS OF THE MAY-FLOWER. tente The names of the adult male passengers may be found ld us the 2d page, appended to the Social Compact. Those none the female passengers are the following, as given in Datentradford's History:theyrs. Catharine Carver, Mary Brewster,

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perpetuated to generations yet unborn, and that the Anglo-Saxon race, to which we alike belong, may rise to that high and holy destiny which the God of Nations seems to have appointed for them as the conservatives of the peace and liberties of the world, is our ardently cherished wish, and will continue to be our earnest prayer.

JOHN ELSAM, Mayor G. B. BLENKIN, Vicar. Mr. Dallas replied as follows:-" Mr. Mayor, Reverend Sir, and Gentlemen of the Committee: The repair of this chapel, as a memorial of the Rev. John Cotton, you have ascribed to the generous sympathies of a number of my countrymen. Hence it is that my presence is deemed appropriate, to represent, in some sort, the American contributors; to accept, on their behalf, the acknowledgments of the parishioners of St. Botolph; and to recognise the moral ties which bind in fraternal feeling the two Bostons

of Lincolnshire and Massachusetts. Agreeably to your authentic annals, this ancient borough furnished, soon after the Pilgrims of the May-Flower landed on Plymouth Rock, more of her best citizens for Transatlantic colonization than any other town in England; and, in furnishing, as she did, in 1633, a man so eminent for his ability and attainments and so resolute in his civil and religious opinions, as John Cotton, she gave a specially vigorous and wholesome impulse to the newly-started community; of which its present generation gratefully desire to perpetuate the memory. When John Cotton, dissenting from the discipline, not the doctrines, of his church withdrew from its vicarage, which he had occupied for twenty-one years, and sought his favorite "Christian Liberty" soil yet tenanted by savages, he was welcomed with open arms, and affectionately received by the Pilgrim Villagers of Ishmut, at the head of Massachusetts Bay

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