d. Boards of Trustees (appointed by the Governor) e. Trustees of the State Prison (elected by the people) f. Superintendents of state institutions (those of three institutions are selected by the Governor; the others by the governing boards) g. State Institutions h. People of the State The State Board of Health is also an advisory board to the two "charity" hospitals. This illustrates the total absence of any genuine central administrative or supervisory body for public welfare, except as the Governor effects unified administration. CHAPTER VI FUNCTIONS OF PUBLIC WELFARE AGENCIES HE most direct method of understanding the THE reach and the power of the thing we call public welfare is undoubtedly through a study of the functions which present agencies exercise. Many who read this chapter will be surprised by the scope and potential power of this relatively new state service,-new in many of its connotations, at any rate. Obviously, this chapter does not present a typical picture of the situation in any single state in the Union. It is a composite picture, within which nearly every state will find its limits somewhere. There may be some items not included even in this comprehensive list. If so, they are probably not greatly different in kind from some that are listed. Functions could not be here stated in legal terminology exclusively. If that were attempted throughout, the differences in phraseology employed everywhere would make tedious duplication of items unavoidable. Items were classified together whenever legal terminology connoted common intent; and then described, as here given, in appropriate general terms. This method of course prevents giving recognition to the prevalence of any particular kind of statutory provision. The classification here attempted is three-fold in nature. Functions are grouped according to whether they apply to institutions and agenciesthe instrumentalities of welfare, objects of welfare. -individuals, groups, classes, wards, communities, or are otherwise characterized. INSTITUTIONS Institutions which are the objects of public welfare are three-fold in kind:\state institutions, local institutions, and private institutions. STATE INSTITUTIONS Prisons (many types) Prison farms, camps, colonies, factories Detention homes (several types) State schools and receiving homes Hospitals for crippled, deformed and defective Hospitals for special diseases (tuberculosis, leprosy, etc.) Camps, colonies, farms for tuberculous and other sick Schools for the deaf, dumb, blind, and physically handicapped Hospitals for the insane, epileptic, and mentally defective Asylums for the insane, epileptic, and mentally defective Colonies and farms for the insane, epileptic, and mentally defective Clinics and dispensaries for all purposes Research and service laboratories. STATE AGENCIES Boards of managers and all officials connected with institutions Many special boards, officers, and other agencies associated with field work, supervision, etc. LOCAL INSTITUTIONS Jails, prisons, pens, lockups, etc. Prison camps, road crews, shops, quarries, etc. Almshouses, infirmaries, asylums, poor farms, etc. Reformatories and workhouses Detention homes and places Hospitals for the insane and epileptic Asylums, camps, colonies, for the insane, epileptic, and feeble minded Schools, farms, colonies, for the physically handicapped and feeble-minded Hospitals for the sick and injured LOCAL AGENCIES Boards of county supervisors and commissioners Superintendents and overseers of the poor Boards of child welfare, charities and corrections, or public welfare for cities and counties Agents, representatives, and employees of these boards Agents, representatives, and officials of local courts County and juvenile courts Day nurseries Dispensaries PRIVATE INSTITUTIONS Fresh air charities Permanent and temporary homes for the aged Permanent, temporary, and special homes for children Homes and schools for the blind Industrial schools for juvenile and adult offenders Maternity homes and hospitals Institutions for mental defectives and epileptics Placing-out and boarding-out agencies for children Reformatories for adults Schools for the deaf Homes for adults, temporary and permanent Agencies receiving state aid Chartered, incorporated, licensed agencies |