4438. Licenses of officers by inspectors.

4439. License of captain.

4440. License of chief mate.

4441. License of engineer.

4442. License of pilot.

4443. License of captain or mate as pilot.

4444. State regulation of pilots. 4445. Oath of licensed officers.

4446. Licenses to be exhibited.

4447. Renewal of officer's license.

4448. Licensed officers to assist inspectors in examinations. 4449. Revocation of officer's license for refusal to serve.

4450. Investigation of conduct of officers.

4451. Payment of marshal and witnesses.

4452. Appeal to supervising inspector.

4453. Re-inspection and notice for repairs.

4454. Penalty for failure to make repairs upon notice.

4455. Effect of decision by inspector.

4456. Inspection in districts not having inspectors.

4457. Records and reports by local inspectors.

4458. Fees.

4459. Bonds of inspectors.

4460. Instruments, stationery, printing, etc., for local boards. 4461. Payment of salaries and expenses.

4462. Regulations to be made by the Secretary of the Treasury.

§ 4399. What are steam-vessels.-Every vessel propelled in whole or in part by steam shall be deemed a steam-vessel within the meaning of this Title.

The provisions of the navigation laws of the United States are applicable to steam ferry-boats engaged in transporting goods and passengers upon navigable waters in one State destined for another State -U. S. v. Sussurick, 15 Int. Rev. Rec. 154; The Bright Star, 273; Desty S. & A. § 5.

§ 4400. What vessels subject to this Title.-All steam-vessels navigating any waters of the United States which are common highways of commerce, or open to general or competitive navigation, excepting public vessels of the United States, vessels of other countries, and boats propelled in whole or in part by steam for navigating canals, shall be subject to the provisions of this Title.

§ 4401. Navigating coastwise and on the lakes. All coastwise sea-going vessels, and vessels navigating the great lakes, shall be subject to the navigation laws of the United States, when navigating within the jurisdiction thereof; and all vessels, propelled in whole or in part by steam, and navigating as aforesaid, shall be subject to all the rules and regulations established in pursuance of law for the government of steam-vessels in passing, as provided by this Title; and every coastwise sea-going steamvessel subject to the navigation laws of the United States, and to the rules and regulations aforesaid, not sailing under register, shall, when under way, except on the high

seas, be under the control and direction of pilots licensed by the inspectors of steamboats.

A coasting vessel employed in the transportation of passengers is as much a part of the merchant marine as is one employed in the transportation of a cargo-Passenger Cases, 7 How. 437; Desty S. & A. § 5.

§ 4402. Supervising inspector-general. There shall be a supervising inspector-general, who shall be appointed from time to time by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, and who shall be selected with reference to his fitness and ability to systematize and carry into effect all the provisions of law relating to the steamboat-inspection service, and who shall be entitled to a salary of three thousand five hundred dollars a year, and his reasonable traveling expenses, or mileage at the rate of ten cents a mile, incurred in the performance of his duty.

§ 4403. Duties of supervising inspector-general. The supervising inspector-general shall, under the direc tion of the Secretary of the Treasury, superintend the administration of the steamboat-inspection laws, preside at the meetings of the board of supervising inspectors, receive all reports of inspectors, receive and examine all accounts of inspectors, report fully at stated periods to the Secretary of the Treasury upon all matters pertaining to his official duties, and produce a correct and uniform administration of the inspection laws, rules, and regula

tions.

§ 4404. Supervising inspectors.-There shall be ten supervising inspectors, who shall be appointed by the President, by and with the advice and consent of the Senate. Each of them shall be selected for his knowledge, skill, and practical experience in the uses of steam for navigation, and shall be a competent judge of the character and qualities of steam-vessels, and of all parts of the machinery employed in steaming. Each supervising inspector shall be entitled to a salary of three thousand dollars a year, and his actual and reasonable traveling expenses at the rate of ten cents a mile, incurred in the performance of his duty, together with his actual and reasonable expenses for transportation of instruments, which shall be certified and sworn to under such instructions as may be given by the Secretary of the Treasury.

§ 4405. Meetings of board-Assignment of districts.-The supervising inspectors and the supervising inspector-general shall assemble as a board once in each

year, at the city of Washington, District of Columbia, on the third Wednesday in January, and at such other times as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, for joint consultation, and shall assign to each of the supervising inspectors the limits of territory within which he shall perform his duties. The board shall establish all necessary regulations required to carry out in the most effective manner the provisions of this Title, and such regulations, when approved by the Secretary of the Treasury, shall have the force of law. The supervising inspector for the district embracing the Pacific Coast shall not be under obligation to attend the meetings of the board oftener than once in two years; but when he does not attend such meetings he shall make his communications thereto, in the way of a report, in such manner as the board shall prescribe.

They have power to make regulations not inconsistent with the general laws of navigation-The American Eagle, 1 Low. 425; Desty S. & A. § 266.

§ 4406. Duties of supervising inspectors.-Each supervising inspector shall watch over all parts of the territory assigned to him, shall visit, confer with, and examine into the doings of the local boards of inspectors within his district, and shall instruct them in the proper performance of their duties; and shall, whenever he thinks it expedient, visit any vessels licensed, and examine into their condition, for the purpose of ascertaining whether the provisions of this Title have been observed and complied with, both by the board of inspectors and the masters and owners. All masters, engineers, mates, and pilots of such vessels shall answer all reasonable inquiries, and shall give all the information in their power in regard to any such vessel so visited, and her machinery for steaming, and the manner of managing both.

§ 4407. Duties of supervising inspectors as to violations of law.-Whenever a supervising inspector ascertains to his satisfaction that any master, mate, engineer, pilot, or owner of any steam vessel fails to perform his duties according to the provisions of this Title, he shall report the facts in writing to the board of local inspectors in the district where the vessel was inspected or belongs; and, if need be, he shall cause the negligent or offending party to be prosecuted; and if the supervising inspector has good reason to believe there has been, through negligence or any other cause, a failure of the board which inspected the vessel to do its duty, he shall report the facts in writing to the Secretary of the Treas

ury; who shall cause immediate investigation into the truth of the complaint, and, if he deems the cause sufficient, shall remove any officer found delinquent.

§ 4408. Supervision of local boards.-The supervising inspectors shall see that the several boards of local inspectors within their respective districts execute their duties faithfully, promptly, and, as far as possible, uniformly in all places, by following out the provisions of this Title according to the true intent and meaning thereof; and they shall, as far as practicable, harmonize differences of opinion existing in different local boards.

§ 4409. Supervision of districts not having inspectors.-The supervising inspector shall visit any collection district in which there is at any time no board of inspectors, and within which steam-vessels are owned or * employed. Each supervising inspector shall have full power in any such district, or in any district where, from distance or other cause, it is inconvenient to resort to the local board, to inspect any steam-vessel and the boilers of such steamer, and to grant certificates of approval, and to do and perform all the duties imposed upon local boards.

*The word " or " substituted for "and"-Amend. Act, February 27th, 1877; 19 U. S. Stats. 251.

§ 4410. Reports of supervising inspectors to board. Each supervising inspector shall report, in writing, at the annual meetings of the board, the general business transacted in his district during the year, embracing all violations of the laws regulating steam-vessels, and the action taken in relation to the same, all investigations and decisions by local inspectors, and all cases of appeal, and the result thereof; and the board shall examine into all the acts of each supervising inspector and local board, and all complaints made against the same, in relation to the performance of their duties under the law, and the judgment of the board in each case shall be entered upon their journal; and the board shall, as far as possible, correct mistakes where they exist.

§ 4411. Furnishing information to local inspectors.-The board of supervising inspectors shall establish such regulations as may be necessary to make known in a proper manner, to local inspectors, the names of all persons licensed under the provisions of this Title, the names of all persons from whom licenses have been withheld, and the names of all whose licenses have been suspended

or revoked; also the names of all steam-vessels neglecting or refusing to make such repairs as may be ordered pursuant to law, and the names of all that have been refused certificates of inspection.

§ 4412. Steamers passing each other.-The board of supervising inspectors shall establish such regulations to be observed by all steam-vessels in passing each other, as they shall from time to time deem necessary for safety; two printed copies of such regulations, signed by them, shall be furnished to each of such vessels, and shall at all times be kept posted up in conspicuous places in such vessels.

§ 4413. Penalty for violation of regulations.— Every pilot, engineer, mate, or master of any steamvessel who neglects or willfully refuses to observe the regulations established in pursuance of the preceding section, shall be liable to a penalty of fifty dollars, and for all damages sustained by any passenger, in his person or baggage, by such neglect or refusal.

§ 4414. Local inspectors.-There shall be, in each of the following collection-districts, one inspector of hulls and one inspector of boilers; who shall be entitled to the following salaries, to be paid annually, under the directions of the Secretary of the Treasury:

In the districts of New York and New Orleans, to a salary of two thousand two hundred dollars a year each.

In the districts of Philadelphia, Baltimore, Buffalo, St. Louis, Louisville, Cincinnati, Pittsburgh, San Francisco, Boston, Detroit, Chicago, Milwaukee, Huron, and Galena, to a salary of two thousand dollars a year each.

In the district of Michigan, to a salary of nine hundred dollars a year.

In the districts of Mobile, Memphis, and Cleveland, to a salary of one thousand five hundred dollars a year each. In the districts of Willamette, New London, Norfolk, Charleston, Savannah, Galveston, Albany, Wheeling, Nashville, Portland, and Evansville, to a salary of one thousand two hundred dollars a year each.

In the districts of Puget Sound, Apalachicola, Oswego, Burlington, and Superior, to a salary of eight hundred dollars a year each.

And in addition, the Secretary of the Treasury may appoint in such districts, where their services are actually required, assistant inspectors, at a salary, for the district of New York, of two thousand dollars a year each; and for all other districts, at a salary not exceeding one thousand