Chosen having of old prohibited the exportation of red gingseng, if citizens of the United States clandestinely purchase it for export, it shall be confiscated and the offenders punished. ARTICLE IX. The purchase of cannon, small arms, swords, gunpowder, shot and all munitions of war is permitted only to officials of the Government of Chosen, and they may be imported by citizens of the United States only under a written permit from the authorities of Chosen. If these articles are clandestinely imported, they shall be confiscated and the offending party shall be punished ARTICLE X. The officers and people of either nation residing in the other, shall have the right to employ natives for all kinds of lawful work. Should, however, subjects of Chosen, guilty of violation of the laws of the Kingdom, or against whom any action has been brought, conceal themselves in the residences of warehouses of United States citizens, or on board United States merchant-vessels, the Consular Authorities of the United States, on being notified of the fact by the local authorities, will either permit the latter to despatch constables to make the arrests, or the persons will be arrested by the Consular Authorities and handed over to the local constables. Officials or citizens of the United States shall not harbor such per sons. ARTICLE XI. Students of either nationality, who may proceed to the country of the other, in order to study the language, literature, laws or arts, shall be given all possible protection and assistance in evidence of cordial good will. ARTICLE XII. This being the first Treaty negotiated by Chosen, and hence being general and incomplete in its provisions, shall in the first instance be put into operation in all things stipulated herein. As to stipulations not contained herein, after an interval of five years, when the officers and the people of the two Powers shall have become more familiar with each others language, a further negotiation of commercial provisions and regulations in detail, in conformity with international law and without unequal discriminations on either part shall be had. ARTICLE XIII. This Treaty, and future official correspondence between the two contracting Governments shall be made, on the part of Chosen, in the Chinese language. The United States shall either use the Chinese language, or, if English be used, it shall be accompanied with a Chinese version, in order to avoid misunderstanding. ARTICLE XIV. The High Contracting Powers hereby agree that, should at any time the King of Chosen grant to any nation or to the merchants or citizens of any nation, any right, privilege or favor, connected either with navigation, commerce, political or other intercourse, which is not conferred by this Treaty, such right, privilege and favor shall freely inure to the benefit of the United States, its public officers, merchants and citizens, provided always, that whenever such right, privilege or favor is accompanied by any condition, or equivalent concession granted by the other nation interested, the United States, its officers and people shall only be entitled to the benefit of such right, privilege or favor upon complying with the conditions or concessions connected therewith. In faith whereof the respective Commissioners Plenipotentiary have signed and sealed the foregoing at Yin-Chuen in English and Chinese, being three originals of each text of even tenor and date, the ratifications of which shall be exchanged at Yin-Chuen within one year from the date of its execution, and immediately thereafter this Treaty shall be in all its provisions publicly proclaimed and made known by both Governments in their respective countries, in order that it may be obeyed by their citizens and subjects respectively. Chosen, May the 22nd, A. D. 1882. [SEAL.] [SEAL.] R. W. SHUFELDT, Commodore, U. S., N., Envoy of the U. S. to Chosen. SHIN CHEN, } [In Chinese.] [Senate resolution advising ratification.] IN EXECUTIVE SESSION, Resolved, (two thirds of the Senators present concurring,) That the Senate advise and consent to the ratification of the treaty of commerce and navigation between the United States and the Kingdom of Corea or Chosen, concluded on the 22nd of May 1882. Resolved, That it is the understanding of the Senate in agreeing to the foregoing resolution, that the clause, Nor are they permitted to transport native produce from one open port to another open port," in Article VI of said treaty, it is not intended to prohibit and does not prohibit American ships from going from one open port to another open port in Corea or Chosen to receive Corean cargo for exportation, or to discharge foreign cargo, and Resolved, That the President be requested to communicate the foregoing interpretation of said clause to the Corean or Chosen government on the exchange of ratifications of said treaty, as the sense in which the United States understand the same. Resolved further, That the Senate in advising and consenting to the treaty mentioned in the foregoing resolutions does not admit or acquiesce in any right or constitutional power in the President to authorize or empower any person to negotiate treaties or carry on diplomatic negotiations with any foreign power, unless such person shall have been appointed for such purpose or clothed with such power by and with the advice and consent of the Senate, except in the case of a Secretary of State or diplomatic officer appointed by the President to fill a vacancy occurring during the recess of the Senate, and it makes this declaration in order that the means employed in the negotiation of said treaty be not drawn into precedent. Resolved, That the Secretary communicate all the foregoing resolutions to the President. Attest: F. E SHOBER LEW CHEW. 1854. COMPACT OF FRIENDSHIP AND COMMERCE. Concluded July 11, 1854; ratification advised by the Senate March 3, 1855; ratified by the President March 9, 1855; proclaimed March 9, 1855. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 629.) Hereafter, whenever citizens of the United States come to Lew Chew, they shall be treated with great courtesy and friendship. Whatever Articles these people ask for, whether from the officers or people, which the Country can furnish, shall be sold to them; nor shall the authorities interpose any prohibitory regulations to the people selling, and whatever either party may wish to buy shall be exchanged at reasonable prices. Whenever Ships of the United States shall come into any harbor in Lew Chew, they shall be supplied with Wood and Water, at reasonable prices, but if they wish to get other Articles, they shall be purchaseable only at Napa. If Ships of the United States are wrecked on Great Lew Chew or on Islands under the jurisdiction of the Royal Government of Lew Chew, the local authorities shall dispatch persons to assist in saving life and property, and preserve what can be brought ashore till the Ships of that Nation shall come to take away all that may have been saved; and the expenses incurred in rescuing these unfortunate persons shall be refunded by the Nation they belong to. Whenever persons from Ships of the United States come ashore in Lew Chew, they shall be at liberty, to ramble where they please without hindrance or having officials sent to follow them, or to spy what they do; but if they violently go into houses, or trifle with women, or force people to sell them things, or do other such like illegal acts, they shall be arrested by the local officers, but not maltreated, and shall be reported to the Captain of the Ship to which they belong for punishment by him. At Tumai is a burial ground for the Citizens of the United States, where their graves and tombs shall not be molested. The Government of Lew Chew shall appoint skillful pilots, who shall be on the lookout for Ships appearing off the Island, and if one is seen coming towards Napa, they shall go out in good boats beyond the reefs to conduct her in to a secure anchorage, for which service the Captain shall pay the pilot Five Dollars, and the same for going out of the harbor beyond the reefs. 373 Whenever Ships anchor at Napa, the officers shall furnish them with Wood at the rate of Three Thousand Six hundred Copper Cash per thousand catties; and with Water at the rate of 600 Copper Cash (43 cents) for one thousand catties, or Six barrels full, each containing 30 American Gallons. Signed in the English and Chinese languages by Commodore Matthew C. Perry, Commander in Chief of the U. S. Naval Forces in the East India, China and Japan Seas, and Special Envoy to Japan, for the United States; and by Sho Fu fing, Superintendent of Affairs (Tsu li-kwan) in Lew Chew, and Ba Rio-si, Treasurer of Lew Chew, at Shni, for the Government of Lew-Chew, and copies exchanged, this 11th day of July, 1854, or the reign Hien fung, 4th year, 6th moon, 7th day, at the Town Hall of Napa. M, C, PERRY LIBERIA. 1862. TREATY OF COMMERCE AND NAVIGATION. Concluded October 21, 1862; ratification advised by the Senate January 9, 1863; ratified by the President January 12, 1863; ratifications exchanged February 17, 1863; proclaimed March 18, 1863. (Treaties and Conventions, 1889, p. 631.) I. Amity. II. Freedom of commerce. III. No discrimination in vessels. V. Shipwrecks and salvage. ARTICLES. VI. Most favored nation privileges. VIII. Noninterference in Liberia. The United States of America and the Republic of Liberia, desiring to fix, in a permanent and equitable manner, the rules to be observed in the intercourse and commerce they desire to establish between their respective countries have agreed for this purpose to conclude a treaty of commerce and navigation, and have judged that the said end cannot be better obtained than by taking the most perfect equality and reciprocity for the basis of their agreement: and to effect this they have named as their respective Plenipotentiaries, that is to say: The President of the United States of America, Charles Francis Adams, Envoy Extraordinary and Minister Plenipotentiary of the United States of America at the Court of St. James: and The Republic of Liberia, His Excellency Stephen Allen Benson, President thereof, who after having communicated to each other their respective full powers, found in good and due form, have agreed upon the following Articles: ARTICLE I. There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between the United States of America and the Republic of Liberia, and also between the citizens of both countries. ARTICLE II. There shall be reciprocal freedom of commerce between the United States of America and the Republic of Liberia. The citizens of the United States of America may reside in, and trade to, any part of the territories of the Republic of Liberia to which any other foreigners are or shall be admitted. They shall enjoy full protection for their persons and properties, they shall be allowed to buy from and to sell to whom they like without being restrained or prejudiced by any |