of the most famous and warlike City and Kingdom of Algiers; ratified, confirmed, and renewed by John Falcon, Esq., His Britannic Majesty's Agent and Consul-General to His Highness the Dey and State of Algiers, being invested with His Britannic Majesty's Full Power for that purpose.

ART. I. In the first place, it is agreed and concluded that there shall be a lasting Peace and friendship between His Britannic Majesty and His Highness the Dey of Algiers, and that all the Articles and Treaties of Peace and Commerce that have been, and are at present subsisting between the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Algiers, be hereby renewed, ratified, and confirmed; the same to be kept inviolable between His Britannic Majesty and His Highness the Dey of Algiers, and between all the Dominions and Subjects on either side, and that the Ships and other Vessels, and Subjects and People of either side, shall not henceforth do to each other any harm, offence or injury, either in word or deed; but shall treat one another with all possible respect and friendship, and that all demands and pretences whatsoever, subsisting between both Parties, shall be as soon as possible fairly and amicably adjusted.

Confirmed and sealed in the warlike City and Kingdom of Algiers, in the presence of Almighty God, the 3rd day of September, 1800, and in the year of the Hegira 1215, and the 13th day of the moon Rabbia-ultimo.

(L.S.) JOHN FALCON,

(12.)-TREATY between Great Britain and Algiers, relating to Malta.-Signed at Algiers, 19th March, 1801.

WHEREAS the Island of Malta, in the Mediterranean Sea, has been conquered by His Britannic Majesty's Arms; it is now hereby agreed and fully concluded, between John Falcon, Esq., His Britannic Majesty's Agent and Consul-General for the City and Kingdom of Algiers, and His Highness Mustapha, Dey, Bashaw, and Governor, &c., of Algiers :-that from the 7th day of December last, 1800, the Inhabitants thereof shall be treated upon the same footing as the rest of His Britannic Majesty's Subjects, and the said Island shall be considered in all respects like the other places subject to the Crown of Great Britain, and agreeable to the Convention (Arrangement) made with His Britannic Majesty, by Braem Rais, Ambassador from His Highness the Dey.

Confirmed and sealed in the warlike City and Kingdom of Algiers, in the presence of Almighty God, the 19th day of March, 1801, and in the year of the Hegira 1216, and the 6th day of the moon Gilip.

(L.S.) JOHN FALCON.

TREATIES relating to Commerce, between Great Britain

and Denmark.-Renewed by Articles VII and XIII of the Treaty signed at Kiel, 14th January, 1814. (Pages 238, 240.)

(1.)—TREATY of Peace and Commerce between Great Britain and Denmark. Signed at Whitehall, 13th February, 1660-1.

EXTRACT. (Translation.)

ART. I. It is covenanted, accorded, and concluded, that there be a sincere, true, and perfect Friendship, Peace, and Alliance for ever, between both the Kings, their Heirs and Successors, Kingdoms, Provinces, and Principalities, Subjects and Vassals, of what condition, dignity, and degree soever, as well those who now are, as who hereafter shall be, both by land and sea, in rivers, fresh waters, and everywhere; so as they neither do wrong one to the other, nor the one cause any damage or harm to the Kingdoms, Provinces, Subjects, and Vassals of the other, nor as much as in them lies suffer or consent that the like be done by other Persons; but that they adhere each to other in sincere amity and love, and that the one promote to his uttermost the advantage and commodity of the other, and of each other's Subjects respectively as his own; but that they hinder and prevent each other's losses and destruction, both by fact, counsels, and all their power.

II. But if either of the foresaid Kings, their Heirs and Successors, shall come to know that anything is negotiated, desired, or treated, which may turn to the prejudice of the other, then he shall be bound, as soon as ever the same is made known unto him, to discover it to the other, and, as much as in him lies, to hinder it.

III. The foresaid Kings do religiously promise for themselves, their Heirs and Successors respectively, that they will not at any time give any warlike aid or supplies to the Enemies of each other, nor suffer that their Subjects, of what state and condition soever they be, shall, either under the pretence of trade or any other borrowed colour whatsoever, by any means help the Enemies of the said Princes, or of either of them, nor furnish them with Soldiers, money, provisions, arms, engines, guns, ships, and other things fit and necessary for waging War, nor cause the same to be furnished by others; but if any the Subjects of the said Kings shall presume to offend herein, then every of the Kings whose Subjects shall have so offended, shall be bound to inflict most severe punishments upon them, as League-breakers and seditious Persons.

V. It is also agreed, that neither of the foresaid Kings shall harbour, or suffer in his Kingdoms or Provinces, the Enemies or Rebels of the other, knowing them to be such.

VI. It shall be free for the Subjects of both Kings to come with

their merchandize, as well by land as by sea, into the Kingdoms, Provinces, Mart-towns, Ports, and Rivers of the other, and there to converse and trade, paying the usual Customs and Duties, saving always the Sovereignty and right of either King, in their Kingdoms, Provinces, Principalities, and Territories, respectively.

VII. It is also covenated, accorded, and concluded, that the Subjects of the Most Serene King of Great Britain, may in no wise come unto forbidden Ports, (whereof mention is made in former Treaties,) without the special licence of the King of Denmark and Norway, desired and obtained, unless evident danger of the Sea, or violence of storms, shall force them to approach or enter; where then it shall in no case be lawful for them to trade or merchandise.

VIII. It is also covenanted, accorded, and concluded, that in case any one suffer Shipwreck upon the Coasts of the other King, he may freely challenge, and lay claim to the broken and wreckt Vessel, with the goods, (saving the right of any place whatsoever,) neither shall anything be a prejudice or hindrance to him therein; but rather the Inhabitants of the place shall be obliged, if it be desired of them, to be aiding to him who hath suffered Shipwreck, upon reasonable consideration for their labour, to recover such things as can be saved of the Wreck.

IX. If the Subjects of either King be wronged, injured, or endamaged in the Territory of the other, then the King of that place where the wrong is offered, shall take care that speedy justice be done according to the rights and accustomed Laws of the Country, and that due punishment be inflicted upon those who have committed the offence or injury, with reparation to be made unto the suffering Parties.

X. No private injury shall in any sort weaken this Treaty, nor beget hatred or dissensions between the foresaid Nations; but every one shall answer for his own proper fact, and shall be prosecuted thereupon; neither shall one Man satisfy for the offence of another by reprisals, or other such like odious proceedings, unless justice be denied, or unreasonably delayed, in which case it shall be lawful for that King, whose Subject hath suffered the loss and injury, to take any course according to the rules and method of the Law of Nations, until reparation be made to the sufferer.

XI. The foresaid Kings have also covenanted, that if hereafter (which yet we hope will not be, and pray that God of his mercy would prevent) there should happen to arise any dissensions or differences between these Kings or Kingdoms, endeavours shall be used, that the same may be composed in an amicable way; nor shall this present League be therefore any way abolished or made void.

XII. It is further agreed, that by no Agreements, Covenants,

Articles, or Clauses contained in this present Treaty, former Treaties or Leagues heretofore made between the foresaid Confederates, or their Royal Predecessors, as well for the Realms of England, Scotland, and Ireland, as for the Hereditary Kingdoms of Denmark and Norway respectively, be no way deemed to be taken away or abrogated, but that they remain perpetually in their ancient force, stability, and vigour, so far forth as they are not contrary or repugnant to the present Treaty, or to any of the Articles therein. contained.

XIII. It is also covenanted and concluded that the People and Subjects of the King of England, Scotland, France, and Ireland, sailing unto any the Hereditary Kingdoms, Principalities, or Dominions of the King of Denmark and Norway, or exercising merchandise therein, shall pay neither more nor greater Customs, Tributes, Tolls, and other Duties, nor in other manner than as the People of the United Provinces of The Netherlands, and other Strangers (the Swedes only excepted) trading thither, and paying less Customs, do or shall pay; and that as well in going, returning, and staying, as also in fishing and trading, they shall enjoy the same liberties, immunities, and privileges which the People of any Foreign Nation whatsoever, abiding or trading in the said Kingdoms and Dominions of the King of Denmark and Norway do or shall enjoy. On the other side, the People and Subjects of the King of Denmark and Norway shall use and enjoy the same privileges in the Countries and Dominions of the King of England; to wit, that the People and Subjects of the King of Denmark and Norway sailing unto any the Kingdoms, Principalities, or Dominions of the King of England, or exercising merchandise therein, shall pay neither more nor greater Customs, Tributes, Tolls, and other Duties, nor in any other manner than as the People of the United Provinces of The Netherlands, or other Strangers trading thither, and paying less Customs, do or shall pay, and that as well in going, returning, and staying, as also in fishing and trading, they shall enjoy the same liberties, immunities, and privileges which the People of any Foreign Nation whatsoever, abiding or trading in the said Kingdoms and Dominions of the King of England, do or shall enjoy. But so that the Sovereign Power of both Kings, in their Kingdoms, Principalities, Dominions, and Ports respectively, to appoint and change Customs and any other matters according to the occasion, be preserved, and remain inviolate; provided the said equality be strictly observed on either part in manner aforesaid.

XIV. It is also agreed, that in case the Subjects and Inhabitants of either of the Confederates, with their Shipping (either by reason of Pirates chasing them, or by stress of weather, or by any other inconvenience) be forced to repair into the Rivers, Creeks, Bays, or

Ports, of the other Confederate, there to seek harbour, they shall be kindly and courteously used by the Magistrate and Inhabitants of such place; and it shall be lawful for them to provide themselves, at a reasonable price, with those things which shall be necessary for the repairing of their Ships, and freely to depart again without any hindrance or search, and paying no Tolls and Customs; provided they do not carry out of their Ship or Ships, any goods or packs, nor expose them to sale, nor have or receive on board Persons guilty or suspected of any crime, or prohibited goods, nor finally do anything repugnant to the Laws, Statutes, or customs of that Place and Port where they shall arrive.

XV. If it shall happen that the Ships of either of the Confederates, and of their Subjects and Inhabitants (whether they be Ships of War or of burthen) do run aground, or split upon rocks, or by any accident whatsoever suffer Shipwreck (which God forbid) upon or about the Coasts of the other, the aforesaid Ships, with all their tackle, goods, and merchandise, or whatsoever remains of them, shall be restored to their Owners and Proprietors, provided they, or their Commissioners or Deputies, challenge and claim the Ships or goods within the space of 1 year after the Wreck hath happened, (saving always the rights and customs of every Nation whatsoever :) also the Subjects and Inhabitants dwelling upon such Shores and Coasts shall be obliged to succour them in their danger, and help them as much as they are able, and shall use all diligence, either to deliver the Ship, or save the goods, merchandise, tackle, and other things that may be preserved, which are to be conveyed into some safe place, that they may be restored to the Owners; yet paying to those Persons, by whose pains and care the goods shall be recovered and kept, the expences and recompences which they shall deserve.

XVI. Each Party shall, in all causes and controversies now depending, or hereafter to commence, cause justice and right to be speedily administered to the Subjects and People of the other Party, according to the Laws and Statutes of each Country, without tedious and unnecessary delays and charges.

XVII. It is also covenanted and agreed, that all Ships belonging to English Subjects and Inhabitants, together with their ladings and merchandise, sailing by the Fort of Gluckstadt, or other Towns and places under the King of Denmark's Dominions, situate upon the River of Elbe, shall, both in going and coming back, be free and exempt from all Custom, Toll, search, stop, and molestation, except only the case of search in time of War, when the King of Denmark shall be in hostility with any other Prince or State.

XVIII. It is also agreed, that firs, masts, and other sorts of timber, after once they are laden upon the Ships of the English Subjects or Inhabitants, shall be no further subject to be visited, but