rule of force and war. To the scholarly statesmanship of the Latin American nations the world owes a debt which it has been too tardy in acknowledging. The truth is that they have demonstrated a peculiar genius in the realm of international accommodation and accord. The high and humane doctrines of international relationship which were expounded by such men as Calvo, Drago, Alvarez, Bello, Ruy Barbosa, Rio Branco, and a long list of others are now recognized universally. The record of arbitrations, mediations, and adjudications among the Latin American countries constitutes one of the fairest pages in a century's story of mankind's effort to eliminate the causes of war. Among their international treaties we will find models of effective covenants for the limitation of armament and the prevention of strife in arms. The present is a time when men and nations are all giving heed to the voice which pleads for peace. Everywhere they are yearning as never before for a leadership that will direct them into the inviting paths of progress, prosperity, and genuine fellowship. A clearer vision has shown them not alone the horrors but the terrible futility of war. In such a time as this, they will do well to turn their thoughts in all sincerity to these lessons from the statesmanship, the experience, and the constant aspiration of the South American nations. The continent which of all the world has known less of war and more of peace than any other through this trying period is well entitled to pride in the service it has rendered to its own people and in the example which it has set before the rest of mankind. So the present occasion has appealed to me not merely as appropriate for the exchange of the ordinary felicitations but as one on which these contributions of Latin America in moral and intellectual leadership might be given something of the recognition they have deserved. It is not possible to do more than suggest the subject. But even so fragmentary an allusion to such an inviting field, I hope may serve a useful purpose. It would be worth the effort of men and women who seek means of preventing wars and reducing armaments to study the experiences of the American Republics. I commend them to the close attention of all who would like to see peace as nearly as possible assured and war as far as possible outlawed from the earth. When President Coolidge's speech was cabled to Buenos Aires, he received a telegram from the President of Argentina thanking him for the sentiments expressed and assuring him that "your words were a true exposition of the feelings which resulted in the emancipation of the American nations, and of the fundamental reasons which account for the similarity of ideals and proceedings which have led to the solidarity of these nations in their efforts to insure order based on republican freedom and a fundamental institution. Your Excellency's thoughts are worthy of your vigorous mentality and of the prestige of your high office when you refer to the examples set by the American peoples through their composed and wise behavior in settling their most trying international questions. Your words will be most effective in finally consecrating peace in the new world." CHRONICLE OF INTERNATIONAL EVENTS FOR THE PERIOD OCTOBER 16, 1925-NOVEMBER 15, 1925 WITH REFERENCES Abbreviations: C. A. P., Collection of Advisory Opinions of Permanent Court of International Justice; C. J., Collection of Judgments of the Permanent Court of International Justice; Clunet, Journal du droit international; Cmd., Great Britain, Parliamentary papers; Commerce Reports, U. S. Commerce reports; Cong. Rec., Congressional Record; Contemp. R., Contemporary Review; Cur. Hist., Current History (New York Times); Edin. Rev., Edinburgh Review; Europe, L'Europe Nouvelle; Evening Star (Washington); G. B. Treaty Series, Great Britain, Treaty series; Ga. de Madrid, Gaceta de Madrid; G. U., Gazzetta Ufficiale (Italy); I. L. O. B., International Labor Office Bulletin; J. O.; Journal Officiel (France); L. N. M. S., League of Nations, Monthly Summary; L. N. O. J.; League of Nations, Official Journal; L. N. Q. B., League of Nations, Quarterly Bulletin; L. N. T. S., League of Nations, Treaty Series, Monit., Moniteur Belge; Nation (N. Y.); N. Y. Times, New York Times; P. A. U., Pan American Union Bulletin; Press notice, U. S. State Dept. press notice; Reichs G., Reichs-Gesetzblatt (Germany); Rev. int. de la Croix-Rouge, Revue international de la Croix-Rouge; R. R., American Review of Reviews; Temps, Le Temps (Paris); Times, The Times (London); Wash. Post, Washington Post. April, 1925 3 and May 28 SALVADOR-URUGUAY. Arbitration treaty signed at Madrid Nov. 7, 1924, ratified by Uruguay on April 3, 1925, and by Salvador on May 28, 1925. D.O. (Uruguay) April 13, 1925, p. 27. D. O. (Salvador), June 4, 1925. P. A. U., Oct., 1925, p. 1063. 8 GREAT BRITAIN NEPAL. Exchanged ratifications of treaty of peace and friendship and note respecting importation of arms and ammunition into Nepal, signed Dec. 31, 1923. G. B. Treaty Series, no. 31 (1925), Cmd. 2453. May, 1925 13 19 GREAT BRITAIN-NORWAY. Arbitration convention of Aug. 11, 1904, renewed by exchange of notes. G. B. Treaty Series, no. 30 (1925), Cmd. 2452. GREAT BRITAIN-PORTUGAL. Exchanged notes regarding cancellation of British concession at Chinde and Portuguese concession at Chipoli. G. B. Treaty Series, no. 32 (1925), Cmd. 2457. June, 1925 2 10 BOLIVIA PERU. Protocol signed in La Paz relating to study and survey of a section of Bolivian-Peruvian boundary line as determined by the treaty of Sept. 23, 1902. P. A. U., Oct., 1925, p. 1061. ALBANIA-GREAT BRITAIN. Exchanged notes respecting the commercial relations between the two countries. Text: G. B. Treaty Series, no. 47 (1925), Cmd. 2522. 12-15 GREAT BRITAIN-ITALY. Exchanged notes respecting regulation of utilization of the waters of the River Gash. G. B. Treaty Series, no. 33 (1925), Cmd. 2472. GUATEMALA SALVADOR. Convention facilitating travel between the two countries, arranged by exchange of notes, came into force. P. A. U., Oct., 1925, p. 1062. LATVIA SWEDEN. Limited most-favored-nation commercial treaty, signed at 15 29 Stockholm on Dec. 22, 1924, came into force. Commerce Reports, Nov. 30, 1925, p. 540. July, 1925 JAPAN-LATVIA. Commercial treaty signed in Berlin. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: BELGIUM-LATVIA. 4 137. 7 7 9 9 16 16 25 23: 137. Commercial treaty signed at Brussels. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, GREAT BRITAIN-LATVIA. Exchanged ratifications of treaty for extradition of ARGENTINA-BOLIVIA. Convention on boundaries signed at La Paz, interpreting CZECHOSLOVAKIA SPAIN. Trade agreement embodying mutual concessions ar- GERMANY SPAIN. Commercial treaty signed July 29, 1924, denounced by Germany. Commerce Reports, Aug. 24, 1925, p. 467. ITALY LATVIA. Commercial treaty signed in Rome. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 137. 27 AUSTRIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA. Supplementary commercial agreement signed. Commerce Reports, Nov. 2, 1925, p. 290. August, 1925 1 3 8 14 17 18 19 20 21 ESTHONIA-UNITED STATES. Agreement effected by exchange of notes on March 2, 1925, according mutual most-favored-nation treatment in customs matters, became operative upon its ratification by Esthonia. Text: U. S Treaty Series, no.722. SIAM SPAIN. Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation signed at Madrid. Commerce Reports, Dec. 7, 1925, p. 596. GERMANY-POLAND. Exchanged correspondence relating to exchange of populations under terms of German-Polish convention of Aug. 30, 1924. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 132. PORTUGAL SIAM. Treaty of friendship, commerce and navigation signed at Lis- FRANCE-PANAMA. Exchanged ratifications of commercial travelers' convention FRANCE SAAR TERRITORY. Exchanged ratifications of conventions relating to 24 to October 16 SECURITY PACT. On Aug. 24, French Government in reply to German note of July 20, invited Germany to a conference in London for elaboration of 2206 27 28 28 28 29 29 20 a Rhine agreement. Germany accepted invitation on Aug. 27. Texts: Europe, CHINESE-RUSSIAN CONFERENCE. Opened at Peking. R. R., Oct., 1925, p. 360. GROTIUS TERCENTENARY. Commemoration ceremony held at Delft in celebration ESTHONIA-NORWAY. Most-favored-nation trade agreement signed in Reval. GREAT BRITAIN-PORTUGAL. Exchanged notes extending until Nov. 16, 1926, the 29 POLAND SOVIET UNION. Agreement signed for liquidation of recent incidents involving collisions of the border forces of the two countries. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 151. 31 LITHUANIA-POLAND. Commercial and political conference opened at Copenhagen for discussion of Memel question, possession of Vilna, and other questions. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 132. September, 1925 1 1 BELGIUM-POLAND. Copyright agreement signed at Warsaw. Temps, Sept. 3, 1925, p. 1. CHILE-PERU. Province of Tarata transferred by Chile to Peru, the ceremony marking the execution of the first provision of President Coolidge's award in the Tacna-Arica dispute. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 116. 1 FOREIGN SERVICE SCHOOL. First year's work of the school, established in the State Department under Executive Order of June 7, 1924, for benefit of successful candidates in the foreign service examinations, was completed, with a graduating class of seventeen, who were assigned to various posts. Press notice, Sept. 1, 1925. Wash. Post, Sept. 2, 1925, p. 22. 1 FRANCE SPAIN. Exchanged ratifications of reciprocity arrangement relative to sale of mineral waters, signed Aug. 3, 1925. Text: J. O., Sept. 16, 1925, p. 9025. 1 to October 29 INTERNATIONAL TELEGRAPH CONFERENCE. Eleventh International conference opened in Paris on Sept. 1 [and closed Oct. 29]. Temps, Sept. 2, 1925, p. 3. Times, Oct. 15, 1925, p. 13. 2 BRITISH-MEXICAN CLAIMS COMMISSION. British Foreign Office announced agreement to submit to a mixed commission all claims of British subjects arising from revolutionary disturbances in Mexico. The two governments will proceed to enter into a convention defining the procedure to be followed by the commission. Times, Sept. 3, 1925, p. 9. 2-28 LEAGUE OF NATIONS COUNCIL. Held 35th session in Geneva to consider Mosul commission report, Austrian reconstruction, minorities, mandates, etc. L. N. M. S., Sept., 1925, p. 206. 4 to October 26, 1925 CHINESE TARIFF CONFERENCE. Identic notes presented to Chinese Foreign Office on Sept. 4 by each of the nine Powers party to the Washington Conference, in reply to identic notes addressed to these Powers on June 24, 1925, relating to proposed conference to be held in China. Text: Press notice, Sept. 3, 1925. Agenda for Special Customs Conference prepared by Chinese Government. Press notice, Oct. 19, 1925. Conference opened in Peking on Oct. 26, with statement of Chinese proposals by Dr. Wang. American plan, presented to Committee on Tariff Autonomy and Abolition of Likin, by Mr. MacMurray, Japanese proposal by Mr. Hioki, and recommendations of other delegations, were considered by various committees of the conference. Press notice, Oct. 28-Nov. 6, 1925. 7-26 LEAGUE OF NATIONS ASSEMBLY. Held sixth session, with delegates from 49 states. 8 8 9 10 14 14 15 16 16 Resolutions were adopted on reduction of armaments, pacific settlement of international disputes, manufacture of arms and munitions of war, amendment to Art. 16 of the Covenant, world economic conference, etc. L. N. M. S., Sept., 1925. GERMANY-GREAT BRITAIN. Exchanged ratifications of treaty of commerce and navigation signed at London on Dec. 2, 1924. Commerce Reports, Nov. 9, 1925, p. 354. Times, Oct. 9, 1925, p. 13. Text: G. B. Treaty Series, no. 45 (1925) Cmd. 2520. GERMANY-SWITZERLAND. Agreement signed at Berne, modifying terms of provisional agreement of Nov. 17, 1924, governing import restrictions. Commerce Reports, Nov. 9, 1925, p. 354. POLAND VATICAN. Concordat regulating relations of Church and State in Poland became effective. Cur. Hist., Oct., 1925, 23: 151. GREECE-POLAND. Exchanged ratifications of commercial agreement of April 17, 1925. Commerce Reports, Nov. 30, 1925, p. 540. HUNGARY-POLAND. Most-favored-nation commercial treaty of March 26, 1925, came into force. Commerce Reports, Nov. 9, 1925, p. 355. POLAND UNITED STATES. Agreement of Feb. 10, 1925, to which Danzig is a contracting party, according mutual most-favored-nation treatment in customs matters, ratified by Poland. Ratification by United States not necessary. U. S. Treaty Series, no. 727. GERMANY-NORWAY. Agreement of April 11, 1925, for lower duty in Germany on BELGIUM-LUXEMBURG CUSTOMS UNION-GERMANY. Exchanged ratifications in |