"GENTLEMEN OF THE HOUSE OF COMMONS, We are commanded by his Majesty to return his hearty acknowledgements, for the cheerfulness and liberality with which the necessary supplies for the current year have been provided.-His Majesty directs us to assure you that he participates in the satisfaction with which you must have contemplated the flourishing situation of the revenue and credit of the country, notwithstanding the continued pressure of the war; and he congratulates you upon having been enabled to provide for the exigencies of public service with so small an addition to the public burdens.-His Majesty commands us to thank you for having enabled him to make good his engagements with his allies; and to express to you the particular gratification which he has derived from the manner in which you have provided for the establishment of his sister, her Royal Highness the Duchess of Brunswick.

"MY LORDS AND GENTLEMEN, His Majesty has great satisfaction in informing you, that, notwithstanding the formidable confederacy united against his ally the King of Sweden, that sovereign perseveres, with unabated vigour and constancy, to maintain the honour and independence of his crown. No effort has been wanting on the part of his Majesty to support him in the arduous contest in which he is engaged. The recent transactions in Spain and Italy have exhibited new and striking proots of the unbounded and unprincipled ambition which actuates the common enemy of every established government and independent nation in the world.-His Majesty views with the liveliest interest the loyal and determined spirit ma

nifested by the Spanish nation, ia resisting the violence and perfidy with which their dearest rights have been assailed. Thus nobly struggling against the tyranny and usurpation of France, the Spanish nation can no longer be considered as the enemy of Great Britain, but is recognized by his Majesty as a natural friend and ally.We are commanded to inform you, that communications have been made to his Majesty, from several of the provinces of Spain, soliciting the aid of his Majesty. The answer of his Majesty to these communications has been received in Spain with every demonstration of those sentiments of confidence and affection which are congenial to the feelings and true interest of both nations: and his Majesty commands us to assure you, that he will continue to make every exertion in his power for the support of the Spanish cause; guided in the choice and in the direction of his exertions by the wishes of those in whose behalf they are employed.-In contributing to the success of this just and glorious cause, his Majesty has no other object than that of preserving unimpaired the integrity and independence of the Spanish monarchy.But he trusts that the same efforts which are directed to that great object may, under the blessing of Divine Providence, lead, in their effects, and by their example, to the restoration of the liberties and peace of Europe.

No. 29-Order of Council, dated 4th July, 1808.

His Majesty having taken into his consideration the glorious exertions of the Spanish nation for the deliverance of their country from the

tyranny and usurpation of France, and the assurances which his Majesty has received from several of the provinces of Spain, of their friendly disposition towards this kingdom,-his Majesty is pleased, by and with the advice of his privycouncil, to order, and it is hereby ordered,-first, That all hostilities against Spain on the part of his Majesty shall immediately cease; secondly, That the blockade of all the ports of Spain, except such as may be still in the possession, or under controul of France, shall be forthwith raised-thirdly, That all ships and vessels belonging to Spain shall have free admission into the ports of his Majesty's dominions, as before the present hostilities;-fourthly, That all ships and vessels belonging to Spain, which shall be met at sea by his Majesty's ships and cruizers, shall be treated in the same manner as the ships of any state in amity with his Majesty, and shall be suffered to carry on any trade now considered by his Majesty to be lawfully carried on by neutral ships-fifthly, That all vessels and goods belonging to persons residing in the Spanish colonies, which shall be detained by any of his Majesty's cruizers after the date hereof, shall be brought into port, and shall be carefully preserved in safe custody, to await his Majesty's further pleasure, until it shall be known whether the said colonies, or any of them, in which the owners of such ships and goods reside, shall have made common cause with Spain, against the power of France. And the right honourable the lords commissioners of his Majesty's treasury, his Majesty's principal secretaries of state, the lords commissioners of the admiralty, the judge of the high court of admiralty,

Had no

The French squadron has surrendered at discretion, relying on the humanity and generosity of the inhabitants of Cadiz, as has already been made known. The measures which have been pursued have prevented our squadron from sustaining the least damage, nor have the forces employed to reduce the French squadron sustained any considerable loss, and the effusion of blood has been less than in the combat of two small armed vessels:-the loss in killed does not exceed four men. The French ships, their arms, and warlike stores, remain at our disposal; and the prisoners taken will be exchanged for our troops. Nothing of that kind could have been attained by red-hot balls, or similar means. measures of prevention been taken, which require time, our loss would have been much greater. I therefore trust I have acquitted myself in a manner worthy of the inhabitants of this town, who have given me so many repeated proofs of their confidence and respect, that I shall at all times entertain the highest sense of the approbation with which they have honoured my conduct.But now I demand, exact, and ordain, that all disturbances shall cease; that every thing shall return to order; that all persons, according to their different ranks and stations, shall submit to the constituted authorities, who all depend from the supreme council of government, at all

times solicitous to promote the public welfare, and to procure the best alliances and means to secure a successful issue of our undertaking: let the laws reign, and all arbitrary proceedings be avoided. The most The most enlightened and civilized people upon earth disgraces itself by demanding the death of any individual. The field of battle, where force is repelled by force, authorises alone the effusion of blood, which is otherwise illegal. The sovereign himself is not master of the life of an offender, unless he has forfeited the same by the laws of his country. These laws prohibit, in all countries, even among the most barbarous nations, sedition, and disturbances of every description we are bound to obey and respect them. This is the only means to secure a successful issue of the contest in which we are engaged, and not to offend either against the God of Hosts, or the sovereign whose sac ed rights we have sworn to defend. In order to avoid an unnecessary multiplication of publications, I now address the French who reside in this city. The supreme council has used towards you the utmost lenity and respect: After having taken the oath of fidelity to the Spanish nation, you are permitted to remain in this country, and your property is respected.-Grateful for this valuable blessing, you should not be vipers, which destroy the bosom that gave them shelter. On the contrary, you are bound to shew the utmost loyalty and respect for a government which treats you in so generous a manner. By such conduct you will not only avoid the odium of the good inhabitants of this town, but also obtain their love. Should you act otherwise, dread their justice: they will punish with

the utmost rigour, and without the least mercy, even meetings which you may hold among yourselves, and disloyal expressions which you may make use of, in opposition to our cause. Should any one of you be so far devoid of reason as not to respect it on account of its equity and justice, he will fall a victim of his wickedness or pride.

MORLA.

Address of Gen. Morla to the People of Cadiz, 15th June, 1808.

The commotion, more or less violent, which has taken place in the whole peninsula of Spain, has been of eminent service to rouse us from the state of lethargy in which we indulged, and to make us acquainted with our rights, our glory, and the inviolable duty which we owe to our holy religion and our monarch. We wanted some electric stroke to rouse us from our paralytic state of inactivity: we stood in need of a hurricane, to clear the atmosphere of the insalubrious vapours with which it was loaded. Fortunately, the only antidote which could save us, has proved efficacious. It is, however, necessary to know, that if the use of heroic remedies be continued, after the good effect which was expected from them has been obtained, they destroy, annihilate, and kill; that excessive efforts bring on indirect debility, which is worse than direct weakness, because the very principle of strength is emaciated. Hence it is, that although the popular ferment which has pervaded all the provinces has been of considerable use, yet, if not checked, it will produce a state of putrefaction, or, in other words, prove extremely destructive. It is necessary to return to order, and to have confidence in

the magistrates, who, from their knowledge, studies, and experience, are able to deliberate, combine, and determine, as circumstances shall direct. Without the most intimate knowledge, the wisest are liable to err: and how can a mob possibly steer clear of errors, which is mostly guided by the cries of women and boys? -But not restricting myself to this city, I really believe that all these observations are perfectly useless, because the inhabitants of this city are more enlightened than any other, on account of their trade and intercourse with other nations. There are but few idiots in this city, who are merely guided, as it were, by instinct; and much smaller is the number of those who, from their vicious habits, can only exist in confusion and disorder. These few have been joined by others of the neighbouring districts, who neither enlist for the honourable and glorious service in which we are engaged, nor apply themselves to reap the plentiful crops with which Providence has been pleased to bless us. These are the men who have not looked for any other employment than that of disturbing the peace and tranquillity of this place, and of preventing the rest of the inhabitants, nay, the magistrates, from performing their duty. They are well known. Unless they amend their conduct, and all foreigners withdraw to their different habitations, they will certainly be punished. Well-disposed persons will be obliged to take up arms; they who are not able to bear arms will be employed for other purposes; and boys neglected by their parents, and women who raise the hue and cry, shall be punished. The troops, the whole town, the sword of justice, and, above all, God himself, who a

venges the wrongs of those who misuse his mercies, authorise and support me. I make this known, that no person may plead ignorance. However disposed, I shall always follow the dictates of humanity and mercy. It will never be my wish to punish, but I shall at all times be happy to correct.

No. 31.-Answer of General Morla to a Letter which General Dupont sent from Lebrija.

Excellentissimo Senor General Dupont, I was never capable of bad faith or dissimulation, and hence I wrote to you on the 8th instant with the candour which is peculiar to me; and I feel myself obliged, in consequence of your yesterday's reply, to repeat, in substance, what I had then the honour to say to your excellency, as that which must certainly be adhered to. Neither the capitulation, nor the approbation of the junta, nor the express command of our beloved king, can render that possible which is in itself impossible. We have neither vessels nor the means to procure them, for the transportation of your army. What better proof is necessary, than that we retain here the prisoners of your squadron, because we have not the power of transporting them beyond the continent? When General Castanos promised to obtain passports from the English for the passage of your army, he could only oblige himself earnestly to request it: He has done this. But how could your excellency believe that the British nation would accede to this, certain that you would instantly carry on the war on some other point, or perhaps on the same? I am persuaded that neither General Castanos nor your excellency ever thought that the capitulation would

be executed. The object of the first was, to relieve himself from embarrassment, and that of your excellency to obtain conditions, which, though impossible, would do honour to your surrender. Each has obtained what he desired, and now the imperious law of necessity must be obeyed. The national character does not permit us to treat the French otherwise than this law prescribes. We cannot use reprisals. Your excellency obliges me to utter truths which cannot but be bitter. What right has an army to demand the execution of impossible articles of capitulation, which entered Spain professing friendship and alliance, imprisoned our king and the royal family, plundered his palaces, assassinated and robbed his subjects, ravaged his towns, and deprived him of his crown? If your excellency is not desirous to draw upon you more and more the just indignation of the people, which I am labouring so much to repress, cease to advance such inadmissible pretensions, and endeavour, by submission, and a suitable behaviour, to weaken the strong sense of the atrocities you recently committed at Cordova. Your excellency may be assured that my object in making this intimation to you is no other than your own welfare. The unreflecting vulgar only wish to return evil for evil, without weighing circumstances. I cannot omit declaring your excellency answerable for the fatal results which may proceed from your repugnance to that which is inevitable. The orders given by Don Juan Creagh, and communicated to your excellency, are those of the supreme junta, and are indispensible, under the actual circumstances. To retard their execution would alarm the people, and occa

sion inconveniencies. M. Creagh has already informed me of an occurrence which makes me exceedingly upon my guard. What an effect must it have upon the people to know that a single soldier was carrying away 2580 livres Tournois ! This is what I had to reply to your excellency's note, and I hope that this will be my last answer to such points: Remaining, in other respects, desirous to serve you, being your sincere and obedient servant.

Cadiz, 10th August, 1808. No. 32.-Answer of the Captain General of the Province and Governor of Cadiz, to the Letters of General Dupont, on occasion of what took place on the 13th inst. at the Port of Santa Maria.

Excellentissimo Senor General Dupont, It is with extreme surprise that I received your excellency's letter of yesterday, in which you make a demand of the equipages, money, horses, and various commodities belonging to you and the general who accompanied you, which the populace of Santa Maria plundered and destroyed. Invoking the principles of honour and probity for the restitution of YOUR PROPERTY, the horrible excesses (your excellency continues) committed by this people have made me sigh, zealous as I am of the glory of Spain !!!

Certainly I have been hurt at their conduct; not because I thought the action in itself bad, but because it implied, on the part of the people, a distrust of their government and magistrates; because they took the administration of justice into their own hands; because it might have happened, that, when enraged, they might assume the vile and horrid employment of executioners; pollu