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act, shall also wilfully omit to state the grounds upon which he has so done, in such manner that the said Statement may be referred to such Friendly Sovereign or State, together with the Report of such other Commissioner, then such Sovereign or State shall decide, ex parte, upon the said Report alone. And His Britannic Majesty and the Government of The United States engage to consider the decision of such Friendly Sovereign or State to be final and conclusive on all the matters so referred.

V. Whereas neither that point of the Highlands lying due North from the source of the River St. Croix, and designated in the former Treaty of Peace* between the 2 Powers, as the North-West Angle of Nova Scotia, nor the North-Westernmost head of Connecticut River, has yet been ascertained: and whereas, that part of the Boundary Line between the Dominions of the 2 Powers, which extends from the source of the River St. Croix, directly North to the above-mentioned North-West Angle of Nova Scotia, thence along the said Highlands which divide those Rivers that empty themselves into the River St. Lawrence from those which fall into the Atlantic Ocean, to the NorthWesternmost head of Connecticut River, thence down along the middle of that River to the 45th degree of North Latitude, thence by a line due West on said Latitude, until it strikes the River Iroquois or Cataraguy, has not yet been surveyed; it is agreed, that for these several purposes 2 Commissioners shall be appointed, sworn and authorized to act exactly in the manner directed with respect to those mentioned in the next preceding Article, unless otherwise specified in the present Article.

The said Commissioners shall meet at St. Andrews, in the Province of New Brunswick, and shall have power to adjourn to such other Place or Places, as they shall think fit. The said Commissioners shall have power to ascertain and determine the points above-mentioned, in conformity with the provisions of the said Treaty of Peace of 1783, and shall cause the Boundary aforesaid, from the source of the River St. Croix to the River Iroquois or Cataraguy, to be surveyed and marked, according to the said provisions. The said Commissioners shall make a Map of the said Boundary, and annex to it a Declaration, under their Hands and Seals, certifying it to be the true Map of the said Boundary, and particularizing the Latitude and Longitude of the North-West Angle of Nova Scotia, of the North-Westernmost head of Connecticut River, and of such other points of the said Boundary, as they may deem proper.

And both Parties agree to consider such Map and Declaration as finally and conclusively fixing the said Boundary. And in the event of the said 2 Commissioners differing, or both, or either of them refusing, declining, or wilfully omitting to act, such Reports, Declara

* See Extract, Page 359.

tions, or Statements, shall be made by them, or either of them, and such reference to a Friendly Sovereign or State shall be made, in all respects, as in the latter part of the IVth Article is contained, and in as full a manner as if the same was herein repeated.

VI. Whereas, by the former Treaty of Peace, that portion of the Boundary of The United States, from the point where the 45th degree of North Latitude strikes the River Iroquois or Cataraguy to the Lake Superior, was declared to be " along the middle of said River into Lake Ontario, through the middle of said Lake, until it strikes the communication by water between that Lake and Lake Erie, thence along the middle of said communication into Lake Erie, through the middle of said Lake, until it arrives at the Water-communication into the Lake Huron; thence through the middle of said Lake to the Water-communication between that Lake and Lake Superior." And whereas doubts have arisen what was the middle of the said River, Lakes, and Water-communications, and whether certain Islands lying in the same were within the Dominions of His Britannic Majesty, or of The United States. In order, therefore, finally to decide these doubts, they shall be referred to 2 Commissioners, to be appointed, sworn, and authorized to act exactly in the manner directed, with respect to those mentioned in the next preceding Article, unless otherwise specified in this present Article.

The said Commissioners shall meet, in the first instance, at Albany, in the State of New York, and shall have power to adjourn to such other Place or Places as they shall think fit: the said Commissioners shall, by a Report or Declaration, under their Hands and Seals, designate the Boundary through the said River, Lakes, and Water-communications, and decide to which of the 2 Contracting Parties the several Islands lying within the said River, Lakes, and Water-communications, do respectively belong, in conformity with the true intent of the said Treaty of 1783.* And both Parties agree to consider such designation and decision as final and conclusive. And in the event of the said 2 Commissioners differing, or both, or either of them refusing, declining, or wilfully omitting to act, such Reports, Declarations, or Statements, shall be made by them, or either of them, and such reference to a Friendly Sovereign or State, shall be made in all respects as in the latter part of the IVth Article is contained, and in as full a manner as if the same was herein repeated.

VII. It is further agreed that the said 2 last-mentioned Commissioners, after they shall have executed the duties assigned to them in the preceding Article, shall be, and they are hereby authorized, upon their Oaths, impartially to fix and determine, according to the true intent of the said Treaty of Peace of 1783, that part of the Boundary between the Dominions of the 2 Powers, which extends from the Watercommunication between Lake Huron and Lake Superior, to the most * See Extract. Page 359.

North-Western Point of the Lake of the Woods, to decide to which of the 2 Parties the several Islands lying in the Lakes, Water communications and Rivers forming the said Boundary, do respectively belong, in conformity with the true intent of the said Treaty of Peace of 1783; and to cause such parts of the said Boundary, as require it, to be surveyed and marked.

The said Commissioners shall, by a Report or Declaration, under their Hands and Seals, designate the Boundary aforesaid, state their decision on the points thus referred to them, and particularize the Latitude and Longitude of the most North-Western point of the Lake of the Woods, and of such other parts of the said Boundary as they may deem proper. And both Parties agree to consider such designation and decision as final and conclusive. And in the event of the said 2 Commissioners differing, or both, or either of them refusing, declining, or wilfully omitting to act, such Reports, Declarations, or Statements, shall be made by them, or either of them, and such reference to a Friendly Sovereign or State, shall be made in all respects as in the latter part of the IVth Article is contained, and in as full a manner as if the same was herein repeated.

VIII. The several Boards of 2 Commissioners, mentioned in the 4 preceding Articles, shall respectively have power to appoint a Secretary, and to employ such Surveyors, or other Persons, as they shall judge necessary. Duplicates of all their respective Reports, Declarations, Statements, and Decisions, and of their Accounts, and of the Journal of their Proceedings, shall be delivered by them to the Agents of His Britannic Majesty, and to the Agents of The United States, who may be respectively appointed and authorized to manage the business on behalf of their respective Governments.

The said Commissioners shall be respectively paid in such manner as shall be agreed between the 2 Contracting Parties, such agreement being to be settled at the time of the exchange of the Ratifications of this Treaty. And all other expenses attending the said Commissioners, shall be defrayed equally by the 2 Parties. And in the case of death, sickness, resignation, or necessary absence, the place of every such Commissioner respectively, shall be supplied in the same manner as such Commissioner was first appointed, and the new Commissioner shall take the same Oath or Affirmation, and do the same duties.

It is further agreed, between the 2 Contracting Parties, that in case any of the Islands, mentioned in any of the preceding Articles, which were in the possession of one of the Parties, prior to the commencement of the present War between the two Countries, should, by the decision of any of the Boards of Commissioners aforesaid, or of the Sovereign or State so referred to, as in the 4 next preceding Articles contained, fall within the Dominions of the other Party, all Grants of land made previous to the commencement of the War, by the Party having had

such possession, shall be as valid as if such Island or Islands had by such decision or decisions, been adjuged to be within the Dominions of the Party having had such possession.

IX. The United States of America engage to put an end, immediately after the Ratification of the present Treaty, to hostilities with all the Tribes or Nations of Indians, with whom they may be at War at the time of such Ratification; and forthwith to restore to such Tribes or Nations respectively, all the Possessions, Rights, and Privileges, which they may have enjoyed, or been entitled to in 1811, previous to such hostilities: Provided always, that such Tribes or Nations shall agree to desist from all hostilities against the United States of America, their Citizens and Subjects, upon the Ratification of the present Treaty being notified to such Tribes or Nations, and shall so desist accordingly.

And His Britannic Majesty engages, on his part, to put an end, immediately after the Ratification of the present Treaty, to hostilities with all the Tribes or Nations of Indians with whom he may be at War at the time of such Ratification; and forthwith to restore to such Tribes or Nations, respectively, all the Possessions, Rights, and Privileges, which they may have enjoyed or been entitled to in 1811, previous to such hostilities: Provided always, that such Tribes or Nations shall agree to desist from all hostilities against His Britannic Majesty, and his Subjects, upon the Ratification of the present Treaty being notified to such Tribes or Nations, and shall so desist accordingly.

X. Whereas the Traffic in Slaves is irreconcileable with the principles of humanity and justice: And whereas, both His Majesty and The United States are desirous of continuing their efforts to promote its entire abolition; it is hereby agreed that both the Contracting Parties shall use their best endeavors to accomplish so desirable an object.

XI. This Treaty, when the same shall have been ratified on both sides, without alteration by either of the Contracting Parties, and the Ratifications mutually exchanged, shall be binding on both Parties, and the Ratifications shall be exchanged at Washington, in the space of 4 months from this day, or sooner if practicable.

In faith whereof, we, the respective Plenipotentiaries, have signed this Treaty, and have hereunto affixed our Seals.

Done, in Triplicate, at Ghent, the 24th day of December, 1814.

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CONVENTION of Subsidy between Great Britain and Russia.-Signed at Paris, 4th October, 1815.

Au Nom de la Très-Sainte et Indivisible

Trinité.

SA Majesté le Roi du Royaume Uni de la Grande Bretagne et d'Irlande, Roi d'Hanovre, et Sa Majesté l'Empereur de toutes les Russies, considérant ;

Qu'au commencement de la Guerre actuelle, le soin d'assurer, par des moyens supérieurs et certains, le succès d'une lutte dont dépendoient la pacification et le salut de l'Europe, avoit décidé les 2 Cabinets d'Angleterre et de Russie à augmenter les Forces destinées à être employées contre l'Ennemi commun, au-delà du nombre stipulé dans le Traité d'Alliance générale ;

Que Sa Majesté l'Empereur de toutes les Russies a effectivement porté en France environ 100,000 Hommes de plus que le Contingent mentionné dans le dit Traité;

Qu'en outre, une seconde Armée de 150,000 Hommes a dû se rassembler de différens points de l'Empire Russe, pour être mise en activité sur le théâtre de la Guerre;

Que cette Armée avoit effectivement passé la Frontière et s'étoit avancée jusqu'en Franconie, d'où il a été jugé convenable de la faire rétrograder, après les évènemens heureux qui avoient mis fin à toute résistance de la part de J'Ennemi ;

Considérant, en outre, qu'un

(Translation.)

In the Name of the Most Holy and Undivided Trinity.

His Majesty the King of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, King of Hanover, and His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias, considering;

That at the commencement of the present War, an anxious desire to secure, by sure and paramount means, the success of a struggle on which the peace and security of Europe depended, had determined the 2 Cabinets of England and Russia to increase the number of Troops destined to be employed against the Common Enemy, beyond what was stipulated for in the Treaty of General Alliance;

That His Majesty the Emperor of all the Russias has actually marched into France about 100,000 Men beyond the Contingent mentioned in the said Treaty;

Moreover, that measures had been adopted for collecting from different points of the Russian Empire a Second Army of 150,000 Men, to be brought into active service in the Field;

That this Ariny had actually passed the Frontiers, and had advanced into Franconia, whence it was judged expedient to order it to fall back, in consequence of the happy events which had put an end to all resistance on the part of the Enemy;

Considering likewise, that a

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