PART VIII-Continued 223. South Pacific Commission, Established February 6, 1947- 224. United States Participation in South Pacific Commission, January 28, 230. United States Proposals on the Veto Question, March 10, 1948- 231. Statement by Ambassador Warren R. Austin, April 13, 1949_ 234. Establishment of a Commission on Atomic Energy, January 24, 1946_ 235. United States Proposals for International Control of Atomic Energy, REGULATION AND REDUCTION OF ARMAMENTS 248. Principles Governing the Regulation and Reduction of Armaments: Resolution of the General Assembly, December 14, 1946 249. Implementation of General Assembly Resolution, February 13, 1947. 250. Plan of Work Adopted by the Commission for Conventional Arma- 252. Regulation and Reduction of Armaments and Armed Forces: Reso- lution of the Commission on Conventional Armaments, August 12, 257. Convention on the International Transmission of News and the Right to Correction (Freedom of the Press) May 13, 1949_-- 258. Universal Declaration of Human Rights, December 10, 1948- 259. Violation of Human Rights and Fundamental Freedoms in Bulgaria, Hungary, and Rumania: Exchange of Notes, March-April 1949. 260. Resolution of the General Assembly Condemning the Violations, 261. Resort to Peace Treaty Clauses for Settlement of Disputes on Viola- tion of Human Freedoms: United States Notes to Bulgaria, Hun- 274. Recognition of Rumanian Government: Statement by the Depart- ment of State, February 5, 1946. 275. United States Position on the Conduct of Rumanian Elections, 1946- 276. United States Position on Suppression of Civil Liberties in Rumania, 277. Nonimplication of Americans in Conspiracy Against Rumanian Gov- 278. Violation of Treaty of Peace by Rumania: Letter from the United States to Rumania, February 2, 1948. 279. Recognition of New Yugoslav Regime: Instruction to American Ambassador in Belgrade, December 22, 1945 280. United States Interest in Civil Liberties in Yugoslavia: Statement by Acting Secretary Acheson, October 11, 1946. 281. Expulsion of American Journalists from Yugoslavia: Note from the 288. Transfer to UN of Residual Assets and Activities of UNRRA: Resolu- tion of the General Assembly, November 18, 1948.. 289. Establishment of International Children's Emergency Fund (ICEF): 290. International Children's Emergency Fund Assistance Act of 1948_ 291. Act to Provide for Further Contributions to ICEF, 1949_. 292. Relief Assistance to the People of Countries Devasted by War, 293. Agreement between the United States and Austria, June 25, 1947.. 294. Aid to Greece and Turkey: Message from Greece to the United States, Part I WARTIME DOCUMENTS LOOKING TOWARD PEACE 1. THE FOUR FREEDOMS Annual Message of the President to the Congress, January 6, 1941 (Excerpt) 1 1 In the future days, which we seek to make secure, we look forward to a world founded upon four essential human freedoms. The first is freedom of speech and expression-everywhere in the world. The second is freedom of every person to worship God in his wayeverywhere in the world. The third is freedom from want-which, translated into world terms, means economic understandings which will secure to every nation a healthy peacetime life for its inhabitants everywhere in the world. The fourth is freedom from fear-which, translated into world terms, means a world-wide reduction of armaments to such a point and in such a thorough fashion that no nation will be in a position to commit an act of physical aggression against any neighbor-anywhere in the world. 2. ATLANTIC CHARTER Declaration of Principles, Known as the Atlantic Charter, by the President of the United States and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom, August 14, 1941 2 Joint declaration of the President of the United States of America and the Prime Minister, Mr. Churchill, representing His Majesty's Government in the United Kingdom, being met together, deem it right to make known certain common principles in the national policies of their respective countries on which they base their hopes for a better future for the world. First, their countries seek no aggrandizement, territorial or other; Second, they desire to see no territorial changes that do not accord with the freely expressed wishes of the peoples concerned; Third, they respect the right of all peoples to choose the form of government under which they will live; and they wish to see sovereign rights and self-government restored to those who have been forcibly deprived of them; !Development of United States Foreign Policy, S. Doc. 188, 77th Cong., 2d sess., pp. 86-87. Cooperative War Effort, Department of State publication 1732, Executive Agreement Series 236, p. 4. 1 Fourth, they will endeavor, with due respect for their existing obligations, to further the enjoyment by all States, great or small, victor or vanquished, of access, on equal terms, to the trade and to the raw materials of the world which are needed for their economic prosperity; Fifth, they desire to bring about the fullest collaboration between all nations in the economic field with the object of securing, for all, improved labor standards, economic advancement and social security; Sixth, after the final destruction of the Nazi tyranny, they hope to see established a peace which will afford to all nations the means of dwelling in safety within their own boundaries, and which will afford assurance that all the men in all the lands may live out their lives in freedom from fear and want; Seventh, such a peace should enable all men to traverse the high seas and oceans without hindrance; Eighth, they believe that all of the nations of the world, for realistic as well as spiritual reasons must come to the abandonment of the use of force. Since no future peace can be maintained if land, sea or air armaments continue to be employed by nations which threaten, or may threaten, aggression outside of their frontiers, they believe, pending the establishment of a wider and permanent system of general security, that the disarmament of such nations is essential. They will likewise aid and encourage all other practicable measures which will lighten for peace-loving peoples the crushing burden of armaments. 3. DECLARATION BY UNITED NATIONS, JANUARY 1, 1942 A Joint Declaration by the United States, the United Kingdom, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics, China, Australia, Belgium, Canada, Costa Rica, Cuba, Czechoslovakia, Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Greece, Guatemala, Haiti, Honduras, India, Luxembourg, Netherlands, New Zealand, Nicaragua, Norway, Panama, Poland, South Africa, Yugoslavia 1 The Governments signatory hereto, Having subscribed to a common program of purposes and principles embodied in the Joint Declaration of the President of the United States of America and the Prime Minister of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland dated August 14, 1941, known as the Atlantic Charter.['] Being convinced that complete victory over their enemies is essential to defend life, liberty, independence and religious freedom, and to preserve human rights and justice in their own lands as well as in other lands, and that they are now engaged in a common struggle against savage and brutal forces seeking to subjugate the world, DECLARE: (1) Each Government pledges itself to employ its full resources, military or economic, against those members of the Tripartite Pact and its adherents with which such government is at war. 1 Cooperative War Effort, Department of State publication 1732, Executive Agreement Series 236, p. 1. |