from the head of the king stamped upon it. In England the tester was of 12d. value in the reign of Henry VIII., afterwards of 6d. (still called a tester). Testri (N. France). Pepin D'Heristal, invited by malcontents, here defeated and captured Thierry III, king of Austrasia, and established himself as duke, 687. Tettenhall (Staffordshire). It was probably at this place, then named Teotenheal, that the Danes were defeated by the Saxon king, Edward the Elder, 6 Aug. 910. Tetuan (Morocco) was entered by the Spaniards 6 Feb. 1860, after gaining a decisive victory on 4 Feb. The general, O'Donnell, was made a grandee of the first class. Teutoberg Forest (the Teutobergiensis saltus, Tacitus), probably situate between Detmold and Paderborn, where Hermann, or Arminius, and the Germans defeated the Romans under Varus, with very great slaughter, A.D. 9. Varus and many of his officers preferred suicide to captivity. This defeat was regarded at Rome as a national calamity, and Augustus, in agony, cried, "Varus, give me my legions!" Teutones, a people of Germany, who with the Cimbri made incursions upon Gaul, and cut to pieces two Roman armies, 113 and 105 B.C. They were at last defeated by the consul Marius at Aix, and a great number made prisoners, 102 B.C. (see Cimbri), with whom authors commonly join the Teutones. The appellation came to be applied to the German nation in general (hence Deutsche). Teutonic Order, military knights established in the Holy Land about 1191, through the humanity of the Germans (Teutones) to the sick and wounded of the Christian army in the Holy Land, under Guy of Lusignan, before Acre. The order was confirmed by a bull of pope Cœlestine III. On their return to Germany, the knights were invited to subdue and Christianize the country now called Prussia and its neighborhood, which they gradually accomplished. Their territories were invaded, and their army was defeated, with great slaughter, near Tannenberg, in East Prussia, by Jagellon, duke of Lithuania, 15 July, 1410, when the grand-master and many of the knights were slain. A large part of their possessions was incorporated into Poland in 1466, and into Brandenburg about 1521. In 1525 the grand-master was made a prince of the empire, and the order much weakened. Its remaining possessions were seized by Napoleon I. in 1809; see Prussia, etc. Tewkesbury (Gloucestershire), where Edward IV. gained a decisive victory over the Lancastrians, 4 May, 1471. Queen Margaret, the consort of Henry VI., was taken prisoner and her son killed. The queen was conveyed to the Tower of London, where king Henry expired soon after this fatal engagement; being, as is generally supposed, murdered by the duke of Gloucester, afterwards Richard III. The queen was ransomed in 1475 by the French king, Louis XI., for 50,000 crowns; see Roses. The abbey, founded by Robert Fitz-Hamon, cousin of William I., completed and consecrated 1123; grandly altered, fourteenth century; a monastery destroyed by Henry VIII.; the abbey spared; restored by G. G. Scott, 1877-9. Texas (North America) was settled by the French, 1687, who were expelled soon after. It revolted from Mexico in 1835; was helped by the Americans in 1836. Its independence was acknowledged in 1840. Its annexation led to war between Mexico and the United States. It was admitted into the Union by the latter in 1846; seceded from it in 1861; submitted in 1865; readmitted to representation, March, 1870. The coast was desolated by a great storm, 15-18 Sept. 1875; see Storms. Texel (at the mouth of the Zuyder Zee, Holland). Its vicinity has been the scene of memorable naval engagements. An engagement between the English under Blake, Dean, and Monk, and the Dutch under Van Tromp and De Ruyter, in which the latter were worsted and admiral Van Tromp was killed, 31 July, 1653. Again, in the mouth of the Texel a sharp indecisive action took place between the allied English and French fleets under prince Rupert and comte D'Estrées, and the Dutch fleet under De Ruyter, 11 Aug. 1673. The Dutch fleet I was vanquished by admiral Duncan on 11 Oct. 1797; see Camperdown. The Dutch fleet of twelve ships of war and thirteen Indiamen surrendered to admiral Mitchell, who, entering the Texel, possessed himself of them without firing a shot, 30 Aug. 1799. Thallium, a metal, occurring in the sulphuric acid manufacture, discovered by Mr. William Crookes by means of the spectrum analysis, March, 1861. Thames (London), the Roman Tamesis or Tamesa, Saxon Temese, Temesa, rises in four springs, at Ullen farm, near Coates, Gloucestershire. The head of the river in Wiltshire is about 170 miles from London bridge, and its whole course from source to mouth about 220 miles; see London and London Bridge. The river rose so high at Westminster that the lawyers were brought out of the hall in boats.. The conservation of the Thames was given to the mayors of London The Thames was made navigable to Oxford It ebbed and flowed twice in three hours, 1658; again, three times in four hours, 22 March, 1682; again, twice in three hours... It rose to a great height... 1235 1489 1624 1857 .24 Nov. 1777 .1736, 1747, 1762, 1791 An act of parliament gave the conservation of the Thames to the corporation of London; twelve conservators were In consequence of the great contamination of the Thames to be appointed-three by the government........... by the influx of the sewage of London, and the bad odors emanating from it in the summer of 1858, an act was passed empowering the Metropolitan Board of Works (which see) to undertake its purification by constructing new drainage. about 1838) is revived in.. The Thames Angling Preservation Society (established Mr. Leach, engineer of the conservators, reported that "the river is dreadfully mismanaged from its source to its mouth ". .23 July, The Thames navigation acts, appointing five more conservators, etc., and prohibiting pollution by sewage, etc., passed... 1858 ...Aug. 1866 1867 The powers of the act extended up to Staines New by-laws to protect the fish in the Upper Thames passed by the conservators... ..14 June, 1869 Highest tide known for many years; river overflowed from Gravesend to its tidal limit; great damage and distress in Blackfriars and Lambeth; Woolwich arsenal flooded and suffered; river said to have risen above 29 feet... .15 Nov. 1875 The lord mayor and others (with carriages and horses) Thames Steam Ferry: first pile of a landing-place at cross by ferry from Rotherhithe to Wapping...1 Nov. Wapping struck by lord mayor Stone, 11 Oct. 1875; In consequence of the wreck of the saloon steamer Prinfirst steam ferry-boat, Jessie May, launched ...26 Feb. 1876 cess Alice, by collision with the Bywell Castle, 3 Sept., a committee appointed by the Board of Trade to inquire into matters connected with safety of navigation, etc., in the river. .Sept. 1878 Floods on the south side, through heavy rains and high tides, 2, 3 Jan. 1877; during severe frost...18, 19 Jan. 1881 THAMES TUNNEL. One proposed, 1799; shaft sunk, 1804. The present one proposed by I. K. Brunel, to form a communication between Rotherhithe and Wapping, 1823. The bill received the royal assent.....24 June, 1824 The shaft was begun, and the first brick laid by Mr. Smith, 2 March; the excavation commenced, 1 April; the first horizontal excavation in.. ..Dec. 1825 At a distance of 544 feet from the shaft, the first irruption took place...... .18 May, 1827 The second irruption, by which six workmen perished, 12 Jan. 1828 The tunnel was opened throughout for foot-passengers, 25 March, 1843. [The length of the tunnel is 1300 feet; its width is 35 feet; height, 20 feet; clear width of each archway, including foot-path, about 14 feet; thickness of earth between the crown of the tunnel and the bed of the river, about 15 feet.] ...... The Thames Tunnel Company was dissolved in......... 1866 The tunnel, transferred to the East London railway company, was closed... .21 July, The Tower subway, an iron tube tunnel beneath the Thames, constructed by Messrs. Barlow, was begun 16 Feb. 1869, and privately opened, April, 1870. It was said to have cost only 16,000Z. A tubular Thames tunnel, chiefly for workmen, between North and South Woolwich, begun............23 Aug. 1876 THAMES EMBANKMENT: recommended by sir Christopher Wren, 1666, and by William Paterson, founder of the bank of England, about 1694. The corporation embanked a mile in 1767. It was further recommended by Gwynne, 1767; by sir Frederick Eden, 1798; by sir Frederick Trench, 1824; by James Walker; by the duke of Newcastle, 1844; and by John Martin the painter, 1856. In 1860, the Metropolitan Board of Works recommended that the north bank of the Thames should be embanked, whereby the bed of the river would be improved; a low-level sewer could be easily constructed beneath a broad roadway; docks to be constructed within the embankment wall; the expense to be defrayed by the city duties on coal, and by means provided by government. The principle of this recommendation was approved by parliament, and a committee was appointed, which sat for the first time An act for "embanking the north side of the Thames from Westminster bridge to Blackfriars bridge, and for making new streets in and near thereto," passed 7 Aug.; the work begun in.. 30 April, 1861 ..Nov. 1862 Mr. J. W. Bazalgette presented a report, with a plan for embanking the south side of the Thames, 6 Nov. 1862; act for carrying it out passed... .28 July, 1863 Southern (Albert) Embankment. First stone laid by Mr. (aft. sir William) Tite, 28 July, 1866; partially opened 24 Nov. 1869 First stone of the northern (Victoria) embankment laid by Mr. Thwaites near Whitehall stairs, 20 July, 1864; the footway opened to the public, 30 July, 1868; the roadway opened by the prince of Wales......13 July, 1870 The proposal to build public offices upon the reclaimed land negatived by the house of commons.......July, Chelsea (Victoria) Embankment. Authorized by parlia ment, 13 July, 1868; commenced 5 Aug. 1871; opened by the duke of Edinburgh... ..9 May, 1874 "Cleopatra's Needle" (see Obelisk) set up on the embankment....... .12 Sept. 1878 Thames Mystery; see London, 1873. Thames, BATTLE OF, in Upper Canada. This was between 2500 Americans, under gen. Harrison, and 800 British regulars and 1200 Indians, under gen. Proctor. It occurred on 5 Oct. 1813. The Indians were led by the celebrated Tecumseh or Tecumthé. The Americans were victorious. The Americans lost in killed and wounded only 29; the British lost in killed and wounded, including Indians (Tecumseh was slain), 57; and 560 men made prisoners, with 5000 small-arms and 6 pieces of cannon. Thane, a Saxon title of nobility, abolished in England at the Conquest, upon the introduction of the feudal system; and in Scotland by king Malcolm III., when the title of earl was adopted, 1057. Thanet (Kent) was the first permanent settlement of the Saxons, about 449. The Danes held a part of it, 853-65, and ravaged it 980, 988 et seq. Thanksgiving Day, IN THE UNITED STATES, originated in 1622. At first the practice of observing a day of thanksgiving in the autumn of every year was confined to New England; but it has now become general throughout the United States, and the custom is to select the last Thursday in November for this purpose. Thanksgivings, special national, were offered up at St. Paul's cathedral for the defeat of Spanish Armada, queen Elizabeth present, 8 Sept. and 24 Nov. 1588; for Marlborough's victories, 12 Nov. 1702, and 7 Sept. 1704; for George III.'s recovery from illness, 23 April, 1789; for Duncan's and other naval victories, 19 Dec. 1797; and for the recovery of the prince of Wales, 27 Feb. 1872. Thapsus (N. Africa). Near here Julius Cæsar totally defeated the army of the party which supported the policy of Pompey, Feb. 46 B.C. The suicide of Cato followed soon after. Theatines, a religious order, the first who assumed the title of regular clerks, founded by Caraffa, bishop of Theate, or Chieti, in Naples (afterwards pope Paul IV.). 1524, to repress heresy. They first established themselves in France, according to Hénault, in Paris, 1644. The Theatines vainly endeavored to revive among the clergy the poverty of the apostles. Theatres. That of Bacchus, at Athens, built by Philos, 420 B.C., is said to have been the first erected. Marcellus's theatre at Rome was begun by Cæsar, and dedicated by Augustus, 12 B.C. Theatres were erected in most cities of Italy. Most of the inhabitants of Pompeii were assembled at a theatre on the night of 24 Aug. 79, when an eruption of Vesuvius covered the city. Scenes were introduced into theatres, painted by Balthazar Sienna, A.D. 1533; see Drama, Plays, etc. Theatres IN ENGLAND. The first royal license for a theatre in England was in 1574 to master Burbage and four others, servants of the earl of Leicester, to act plays at the Globe, Bankside; see Globe. The prices of admission in the reign of queen Elizabeth were-gallery, 2d.; lords' rooms, 1s.; see Drama, Drury Lane, and other theatres. The theatres were closed by parliament, 1642-60. The first play-bill was dated 8 April, 1663, and issued from Drury lane; it runs thus: "By his majestie his company of comedians at the new theatre in Drury lane will be acted a comedy called 'The Humorous Lievtenant." " After detailing the characters, it concludes thus: "The play will begin at three o'clock exactly" ..8 April, 1663 Lincoln's-inn theatre (the duke's theatre) opened by sir William Davenant's patent, 25 April, 1662; rebuilt.... 1695 Acts for licensing plays and play-houses (placing them under the lord chamberlain), 10 Geo. II. c. 28... 1737 Act for regulating theatres (6 & 7 Vict. c. 68)....22 Aug. 1843 Marionettes or puppets produced at the Adelaide Gallery.. 1852 ..Jan. 1860 Several of the theatres first opened on Sunday evenings for religious worship, and filled.. Lord chamberlain warned managers against indecent dances and scanty dresses....28 Jan. 1869 and 21 Dec. 1874 Theatres in Great Britain, 166; in London, 33, summer of 1868; in London, 45, Jan. 1876; in London, 57, capable of holding 126, 100 persons.. .....June, 1878 .25 April, 1662 ....8 April, 1663 1666 .Jan. 1672 .26 March, 1674 Garrick and Lacy's tenure (revival of Shakespeare).... Theatrical fund founded by Mr. Garrick, 1766; incorpo rated.. Interior rebuilt by Adams; opened. Mrs. Siddon's début as a star.. Mr. Kemble's début as Hamlet... 1712 1742 1747 1775 ..10 Oct. 1782 .30 Sept. 1783 The theatre rebuilt on a large scale, and reopened Charles Kemble's first appearance (as Malcolm in "Mac12 March, 1794 .21 April, 11 Oct. 1796 .11 May, 1800 .24 Feb. 1809 beth". Dowton's first appearance (as Sheva in the "Jew "), 66 .10 Oct. 1812 ..26 Jan. 1814 Rebuilt by Wyatt, and reopened with a prologue by lord Madame Vestris's first appearance. .3 Oct. 1819 19 Feb. 1820 Wagner's "Lohengrin ". Manager and lessee, F. B. Chatterton.. Reopened with "Richard III.". Mr. Wills's "Charles II." 4 Sept. ..1876-8 .1868, 1871-8 .23 Sept. 1876 .24 Sept. 1877 Theatre suddenly closed; strike of actors, etc.....4 Feb. 1879 Mr. Augustus Harris lessee and manager.. COVENT-GARDEN. The theatre opened by Rich.. Beef steak Society, founded by Rich and Lambert...... 1735 [Lease to earl Dudley till 1891.] Opened for Italian opera by Mr. Mapleson... .11 Oct. 1860 .1862-67 A French company prohibited from acting by the audi ence... .6 Dec. 1867 1872 20 May, 1874 .......1877-81 HAYMARKET. Built.. 1702 29 Dec. 1720 1734-5 Mr. Foote's patent. 1738 1747 The bottle-conjuror's dupery (sec Bottle-conjuror), .7 April, 1779 Mr. Colman's tenure.. 16 Jan. 1748 1767 ..1 Jan. 1777 .18 Sept. 1809 The O. P. riot (which see).. 18 Sept. to 10 Dec. Horses first introduced; in "Bluebeard". ..18 Feb. 1811 The farewell benefit of Mrs. Siddons (immense house), 29 June, 1812 [Mrs. Siddons performed once afterwards, in June, 1819, for Mr. and Mrs. C. Kemble's benefit.] Miss Stephens's first appearance (as Mandane)...7 Sept. 1813 Miss Foote's appearance here (as Amanthis). .....26 May, 1814 Miss O'Neill's appearance (as Juliet)... ...6 Oct. Miss Kelly fired at by George Barnet, in the house, Mr. Macready's first appearance (as Orestes)..... 16 Sept. Miss Fanny Kemble's appearance (as Juliet). Miss Farren's appearance here (afterwards countess of Royal visit; great crowd; 16 persons killed and many Mr. Elliston's début here. First appearance of Mr. Mathews (as Lingo). Appearance of Mr. Liston (as Sheepface). Appearance of Mr. Young (as Hamlet).. .3 Feb. 1794 .24 June, 1796 ....16 May, 1803 1805 8 June, 15 Aug. .22 June, 1807 ..12 June, 1810 ...4 July, 1821 Present theatre rebuilt by Nash; opened... 3 Aug. 1822 .12 June, 1837 1839 Mr. Charles Kean's appearance here. 14 March, 1853 First appearance of "Our American Cousin" (said to be by Tom Taylor, and to have been acted 800 times in America); Mr. Sothern, Lord Dundreary (played 496 nights)... Mr. Buckstone's management. Mr. John S. Clarke... 11 Nov. 1861 1853-76 1878 Mr. & Mrs. Bancroft, 1 Oct. 1879; reopened; pit removed, 7 Feb. 1816 .23 June, 1817 1818 1823 .5 Oct. 1829 21 May, 1830 ENGLISH OPERA-HOUSE, NOW LYCEUM. .30 May, 1832 1837 Winsor experiments with gas-lighting.. 1839 Miss Adelaide Kemble's appearance (as Norma)..2 Nov. 1841 Opened by F. Gye for Italian opera.. New theatre (by Barry) opened by Mr. F. Gye ("Les .15 May, 1858 Balfe's "Bianca" brought out.. English opera (Pyne and Harrison).. .1794-5 1803-4 1809 ..7 Oct. 15 June, 1816 ..16 Feb. 1830 Appearance of Mr. Wrench (as Belcour). House destroyed by fire.. .14 July, 1834 ..16 Jan. 1844 .8 April, Madame Vestris and Mr. C. Mathews's management, Tennyson's "Queen Mary" performed.. .17 June, 1789 ..3 Oct. 64 .31 Oct. 1874 .25 Sept. 1875 14 Feb. 1876 .19 April," .1873-6 .1876-8 .Sept. 1878-81 30 Dec. 1878 Mr. Chippendale's benefit (68 years on the stage).. 24 Feb. 1879 1705 ADELPHI THEATRE. Burned down... Formerly called the Sans Pareil, opened under the man- Rebuilt, and reopened.. Under Rodwell and Jones, who gave it the present Exterior improved by Mr. Nash.. The rilievo by Mr. Bubb. Madame Rachel's appearance. Mr. Lumley's management. Jenny Lind's first appearance. .4 May, 1847 New front.. 1828 1840 Association formed for conducting financial affairs of the house..... 27 Dec. 1858 Festive performances on the marriage of the princess royal... .Jan. 1859 [Immense run; above 360 nights.] ..18 Sept. 1806 Here the celebrated Elliston (1813) and afterwards Madame Vestris, had managements; the latter until.... 1839 Mr. George Wild's tenure.. Miss Davenport's tenure.. 1840 .11 Nov. 1844 Court Theatre, Chelsea, opened... Royal Alexandra Theatre, Park street, opened.. Mr. Watts's management.. 1848 ..... Rebuilt and opened-Mr. Watts resumes his management.... 26 Dec. LL 1850 17 Oct. 1853-7 .Aug. 1857-62 .....1864-68 1868 1873 Dec. 1875 .1873-8 29 Oct. 25 Jan. 1871 .31 May, 1873 .21 March, 1874 Camden town, Criterion, Regent's Circus, Piccadilly, opened by Spiers and Pond.. National Opera-house (which see), founded 7 Sept. and 16 Dec. 1875 Charing Cross reopened as the "Folly ", ..16 Oct. 1876 "Imperial Theatre," at Westminster Aquarium. 1878 Holborn Theatre reopened as the "Royal Connaught Theatre " .1 Nov. 1879 "H.M.S. Pinafore," by W. S. Gilbert, music by A. Sullivan, much performed, 1878-9-80; "The Pirates of Penzance," by the same, at Opéra Comique...3 April, 1880 Holborn Theatre (afterwards called the Mirror and the Duke's), opened 16 Oct. 1866; burned.......... ...4 July, .May, 1881 Mr. Swanborough, sen.. Dec. 1862 Rainsford-street Theatre.. 1732 Mrs. Swanborough.. ...1865-81 ASTLEY'S AMPHITHEATRE. Aungier-street, management of Mr. Hitchcock. Smock-alley Theatre rebuilt.. 1733 1735 Fishamble-street Music-hall, 1741 Crow-street, Theatre Royal.. Theatre of Music... Theatre Royal, Shakespeare square... The Caledonian Theatre.. Adelphi Theatre burned down... Horsemanship and opera (under Mr. E. T. Smith), June, 1865 Royal Theatre burned down (several lives lost), Sold by auction.. 13 Jan. 1865, again 6 Feb. 1875 1758 1789 1821 1844 ..9 Feb. 1880 EDINBURGH THEATRES. 1672 1736 1769 1822 .24 May, 1853 1868 .19 April, 1879 ..31 Oct. Mrs. Charles Kean (Miss Ellen Tree), died.. Theatres in the United States. 20 Aug. 1880 The first regular theatrical company seen in America came from England in 1752, landed at York, Va., and, by permission of gov. Dinwiddie, opened a playhouse at Williamsburg, the capital of the province. The first play performed in America by a regular company was at that rude theatre, on 5 Sept. 1752. The company next opened a theatre at Annapolis, Md., the same year, and there the first regular theatre in America was erected. On 17 Sept. 1753, the same company opened a theatre in New York, where sir Richard Steele's play of "The Conscious Lovers" was performed. Hallam, who was the manager, was solicited to open a theatre in Philadelphia. Thither he went in April, 1754, and began in a storehouse with "The Fair Penitent." Such was the beginning of theatricals in the United States, a kind of amusement which has a strong hold upon the popular feeling, and is presented in nearly all of the large towns in the Union. Theatrical Funds. The theatrical fund of Covent Garden was established 1760, incorporated 1774; that of Drury Lane by Garrick 1766; incorporated 1775. They grant pensions to members and their families. The General Theatrical Fund was established 1839, incorporated 1853. Theban Legion, according to tradition, was comthan attack their brethren during the persecution of the posed of Christians, and submitted to martyrdom rather emperor Maximin, or sacrifice to the gods, about A.D. 286. Their leader, Maurice, was canonized. Thebes, or LUXOR, in Egypt, called also Hecatompylos on account of its hundred gates, and Diospolis, as being sacred to Jupiter. In the time of its splendor (1600-800 B.C.) it is said to have extended about thirtythree miles. Thebes was ruined by Cambyses, king of Persia, 525 B.C., and by the foundation of Alexandria, 332 B.C.; it rebelled and was taken by Ptolemy Lathyrus, 86 B.C., and few traces of it were seen in the age of Juvenal; see Memnoneium. After centuries of neglect it has been greatly visited since the explorations of Belzoni, 1817.-THEBES, N. Greece (the capital of the country successively called Aonia, Messapia, Ogygia, Hyantis, and Boeotia) was called Cadmeis, from Cadmus, its founder, 1493 B.C. It became a republic about 1120 B.C., and flourished under Epaminondas 378-362 B.C. The "sacred band" formed by him, 377 B.C., was revived in 1877. Thebes's seven gates are mentioned by Homer; see Baotia and Greece. Theft was punished by heavy fines among the Jews; by death at Athens, by the laws of Draco; see Draco, The Anglo-Saxons nominally punished theft with death, if above 12d. value; but the criminal could redeem his life by a ransom. In 9 Henry I., this power of redemption was taken away, 1108. The punishment of theft was very severe in England till mitigated by Peel's acts, 9 & 10 Geo. IV. 1829. The laws respecting theft were consolidated in 1862. Theine, see Cafeine. 21 July, 1864 Theists (Greek Oɛóg, God), a name given to deists about 1660.-Dean Martin. See Deism, Unitarians, and Voysey. .1 April, 1865 .23 Jan. 1868 .3 Feb. 1869 25 Nov. Wm. Brough, burlesque writer, died, aged 44..13 March, 1870 Paul Bedford died T. W. Robertson, dramatist, died. Lady Wrixon Beecher (Miss O'Neill, Juliet), William C. Macready died. William Henry West Betty (the Infant aged 82.. Charles James Mathews died.. Alfred Wigan died... ..11 Jan. 1871 .....3 Feb. died..29 Oct. 1872 .27 April, 1873 Roscius) died, .Aug. 1874 .24 June, 1878 29 Nov. Frederick Gye died (accidentally shot), nearly 30 years lessee and manager of Royal Italian Opera, Covent Garden... ...5 Dec. " Thellusson's Will, a most singular document. Mr. Peter Isaac Thellusson, a Genevese, and an affluent merchant of London, left 100,000l. to his widow and children; and the remainder of his property, more than 600,0007., he left to trustees, to accumulate during the lives of his three sons, and the lives of their sons; then the estates, directed to be purchased with the produce of the accumulated fund, were to be conveyed to the eldest lineal male descendant of his three sons, with the benefit of survivorship. Should no heir then exist, the whole was to be applied, by the agency of the sinking fund, to the discharge of the national debt. It is said |
