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The Welsh language is required by law to be used in the Church services throughout the whole of Wales, but by an Act of the present reign the Welsh bishops are authorized, on the application of ten or more inhabitants of any parish, to license a chapel for English services. The incumbent's rights are not to be affected, and if a minister is licensed to such chapel he has the right to nominate. If, however, he refuses, the bishop may, after three months from the receipt of the application (if due notice of the application is given by the persons applying to the incumbent), signify to the incumbent the name of a minister, and if the incumbent does not object within fourteen days the bishop may nominate and license such minister. If he does object, there is an appeal to the archbishop (p).

WASTE is where a limited owner, as a tenant for life, "doth make waste or destruction upon the land" (q). It is of two kinds (1) voluntary, by wilful destruction of any part of the premises; (2) permissive, by permitting buildings to go to ruin (). (See INCUMBENT.)

WHITSUN (Pentecost), one of the great feasts of the Church, seven weeks after Easter (q. v.). Certain offerings or oblations, called Whitsun farthings, smoke farthings, or Pentecostals, were formerly, and it is said are still in some few dioceses, payable at this season, and if denied are recoverable at law (s).

WORKHOUSE CHAPLAIN. Under the Poor Law Acts the Local Government Board has power to direct the guardians or overseers of the poor of any parish or union to appoint officers, and this includes workhouse chaplains (t). The appointment must be confirmed by the bishop.

(p) 26 & 27 Vict. c. 82. And see BIBLE.

(9) Termes de la ley.

(r) See Williams on Real Property, Pt. I. ch. I.

(8) Burn.

(t) 4 & 5 Will. 4, c. 76, ss. 46, 109; R. v. Braintree Union (1841), 1 Q. B. 130.

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The duties are regulated by the orders of the Board, and the incumbent of the parish in which the workhouse is situated may not interfere with the performance of them (u). The duties of a Church of England chaplain comprise reading prayers, preaching, examining the children, and catechizing such as belong to the Church of England, and keeping a record thereof, known as the "chaplain's report.' But they may not interfere with inmates who are members of any other religious body.

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A workhouse chaplain is removable by the Board at their absolute discretion (r); but as regards the bishop he is in the position of an ordinary incumbent, and cannot be removed except for an ecclesiastical offence.

The workhouse chapel cannot be consecrated unless the freehold be conveyed to the Ecclesiastical Commissioners, and this it seems the guardians have no power to do (y).

Inmates of workhouses are not obliged to attend the Church services, but may be visited by ministers of their own persuasion; and, if necessary, dissenting chaplains (Roman or Protestant) may be appointed (≈). Also inmates may go out to their respective places of worship, and a register of their creeds is to be kept, to which access must be allowed to the ministers of the nearest dissenting places of worship (a). The salary of a workhouse chaplain is assignable, and may be mortgaged (b).

(u) Molyneux v. Bagshaw (1863), 11 W. R. 687; 9 Jur. N. S. 553. And see CHAPEL.

(x) Ex parte Molyneux (1863), 11 W. R. 233; 7 L. T. N. S. 599.

(y) See General Orders (consolidated) 1827, Art. 211; Glen's Poor

Law Orders, 220.

(2) 4 & 5 Will. 4, c. 76, s. 19; 31
& 32 Vict. c. 122, s. 20; R. v.
Haslehurst (1884), L. R. 13 Q. B. D.
253.

(a) 31 & 32 Vict. c. 122, ss. 16-19.
(b) Re Mirams, (1891) 1 Q. B. 594.

FINIS.

A federation of sorts' re th
Common prayer for Christian Worship &

Cemon's VI.

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